Current Medical Imaging - Current Issue

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the association of different patterns of breast edema and clinical-pathological features and axillary lymph node (ALN) status in early invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) for simple and readily available assessment and to guide surgeons to perform sentinel lymph node biopsy for selected patients.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective analysis involved 207 individuals with clinical T1-T2 sta Read More

BackgroundSmall intestinal leiomyosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. Clinical symptoms are atypical and can be complicated by gastrointestinal bleeding and intestinal obstruction.Case PresentationWe report a case of a 73-year-old patient with small intestinal smooth muscle sarcoma with hepatic metastasis. No significant abnormalities were seen on examination of the abdomen. We performe Read More

BackgroundThe definition of oligometastasis is still controversial. Cytoreductive nephrectomy and metastasectomy are important approaches in selected patients with oligometastasis for improving survival. We aimed to present our laparoscopic metastasectomy experience in a rare case of contralateral adrenal metastasis in an oligometastatic kidney tumor.Case ReportA 52-year-old male patient was admitted to our clinic wi Read More

BackgroundA brain tumor is an asymmetrical expansion by cells inevitably emulating amid them. Image processing is a vibrant research area where the handing out of the image in the medical field is an exceedingly tricky field. In this paper, an expert algorithm is suggested for the detection of pituitary brain tumors from MR images.MethodsThe preprocessing techniques (smoothing, edge detection, filtering) and se Read More

BackgroundBenign multicystic peritoneal mesothelioma is a multiloculated cystic mass which originates from the peritoneum. This rare tumor is usually seen in women of childbearing age and has a high recurrence rate after surgery.Case PresentationWe present two benign multicystic peritoneal mesothelioma cases with different imaging modalities, which were also pathologically proven.ConclusionThe imaging features Read More

Gastric cancer is a malignant cancerous lesion with high morbidity and mortality. Preoperative diagnosis of gastric cancer is challenging owing to the presentation of atypical symptoms and the diversity of occurrence of focal gastric lesions. Therefore, an endoscopic biopsy is used to diagnose gastric cancer in combination with imaging examination for a comprehensive evaluation of the local tumor range (T), lymph node status Read More

Computed tomography (CT) scans are widely used to diagnose lung conditions due to their ability to provide a detailed overview of the body's respiratory system. Despite its popularity, visual examination of CT scan images can lead to misinterpretations that impede a timely diagnosis. Utilizing technology to evaluate images for disease detection is also a challenge. As a result, there is a significant demand for more adva Read More

PurposeThis study aims to compare chest computed tomography (CT) findings between adult and pediatric patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pneumonia.Materials and MethodsThis study included 30 pediatric patients aged 1 to 17 years and 30 adult patients over 18 years of age with COVID-19 pneumonia confirmed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) who have findings related to CO Read More

BackgroundThe temporomandibular joint diseases have been associated with various predisposing factors. Joint spaces, articular eminence height and inclination, and the shapes of the condylar and glenoid fossa have all been shown to vary in temporomandibular joint diseases (TMD) patients. Advanced imaging techniques like cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) have been employed to estimate these parameters.Aims a Read More

IntroductionThis case report presents a discrepancy in sonographic findings between a screening sonography performed by a Sonographer in the Basic Emergency Service (BES) and a subsequent ultrasound performed by a Radiologist physician in a Referral Hospital (RH). The aim of this report is to discuss the possible reasons for the discrepancy and its implications for patient care.Case PresentationA patient with a history of ep Read More

IntroductionThe simultaneous presence of a giant intracranial meningioma and an arteriovenous malformation(AVM)in the same cerebral hemisphere is extremely rare. The treatment should be individualized depending on the case.Case PresentationA 49-year-old man presented with hemiparesis. Preoperative neuroimaging revealed a giant lesion and an AVM on the left hemisphere of the brain. Craniotomy and tumou Read More

IntroductionIn this paper, a semiautomatic image segmentation method for the serialized body slices of the Visible Human Project (VHP) is proposed.MethodsIn our method, we first verified the effectiveness of the shared matting method for the VHP slices and utilized it to segment a single image. Then, to meet the need for the automatic segmentation of serialized slice images, a method based on the parallel refinem Read More

BackgroundDeep learning (DL) can improve image quality by removing noise from accelerated MRI.ObjectiveTo compare the quality of various accelerated imaging applications in knee MRI with and without DL.MethodsWe analyzed 44 knee MRI scans from 38 adult patients using the DL-reconstructed parallel acquisition technique (PAT) between May 2021 and April 2022. The participants underwent sagittal fat-saturated T Read More

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between vertical direction differences and the nasal cavity in skeletal Class I individuals.Materials and MethodsThis study was divided into 2 groups according to the vertical direction angle, and it was conducted on a total of 60 individuals with skeletal Class I features, with 30 individuals in each subgroup. Angular and millimetric measurements (N-ANS, ANS-M Read More

BackgroundDynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is considered a promising method in lung lesion assessment.MethodsSixty-four patients with single pulmonary lesions (SPLs) received DCE-MRI at 3.0 T. Of them, 49 cases were diagnosed with lung cancer, and 15 with benign pulmonary nodules (8 inflammatory nodules, 5 tuberculosis, and 2 abscesses). SPLs were quantitatively anal Read More

IntroductionGanglion cysts are the knee’s most common benign soft tissue tumors. Ganglion cysts are seen as multiloculated fluid collections on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and fluid-fluid levels are not an expected finding.Case PresentationA 36-year-old female patient presented with swelling in her right knee. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a multiseptated cyst with multiple fluid-fluid levels within the anterior of Read More

BackgroundThis study aims to reveal the relationship between lung involvement and visceral adipose tissue changes between chest-computed tomography (CT) scans taken in short intervals in COVID-19 patients.MethodsThe retrospective study included 52 patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. All patients had two chest CT exams. Lung involvement measurements were calculated by using an artificial intelligence to Read More

PurposeTo investigate the value of multimodal diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in preoperative evaluation of Ki-67 expression of endometrial carcinoma (EC).Materials and MethodsPatients who had undergone pelvic DWI, intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM), and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) sequence MRI scan before surgery were retrospectively enrolled. Single index model, double index model, and DKI were used for Read More

BackgroundA developing approach for the bedside installation of feeding tubes is the Electromagnetic Navigation-assisted Tube Placement Device (ENTPD). The ENTPD monitors the tip position of feeding tubes when they are inserted into the digestive tract. It aids in the avoidance of airway misalignment and allows placing into the small bowel. Several recent exploratory studies have shown that ENTPD for nasojejunal feeding Read More

The shape of a knee prosthesis has an important impact on the effect of total knee arthroplasty. Comparing to a standard common prosthesis, the personalized prosthesis has inherent advantages. However, how to construct a personalized knee prosthesis has not been studied deeply. In this paper, we present an automatic method framework of modeling personalized knee prostheses based on shape statistics and kinematic Read More

Objective: The objective of this study is to develop a more effective early detection system for Alzheimer's disease (AD) using a Deep Residual Network (ResNet) model by addressing the issue of convolutional layers in conventional Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and applying image preprocessing techniques. Methods: The proposed method involves using Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalizer (CLAHE) and B Read More

Introduction/Background: Sebaceous lymphadenoma is a rare parotid gland neoplasm. Up to now, there have been several studies that have discussed the imaging manifestations of salivary sebaceous lymphadenoma. In this paper, we have reported a case of multiple parotid sebaceous lymphadenoma demonstrated by ultrasound, CT scan, and MRI examinations, including diffusion-weighted imaging. To the best of our kn Read More

Introduction: Venous air embolism (VAE) consists of air entering vascular structures due to a pressure gradient generated during medical-surgical procedures. Most cases of VAE are iatrogenic. Case Reports: Three hospitalised patients aged 23 to 86 years underwent venous air embolism (VAE) in the right heart system after performing CTPA. One of the patients died from a complication of venous thromboembolic disease (PE, c Read More

Over the recent years, magnetoresistive (MR) sensors in biosensing technologies have played a pivotal role in detecting and quantifying biomarkers. The article highly focuses on the potential implications of tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR), giant magnetoresistance (GMR), anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR), and hybrid MR sensors over conventional prototypes. The study mainly elaborates on the sensor Read More

Background The prognosis of postoperative tumor deposits (TDs) is worse than positive lymph node metastases alone. Objective To detect TDs by using multiplanar high-resolution T2-weighted imaging (HRT2WI). Material and Methods This retrospective study enrolled 130 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Using pathology-proven tumor deposits (pTDs) as the gold standard, all patients were divided into the pT Read More

Background The jaws can be affected by several lesions that manifest in the oral cavity, but little is known about non-odontogenic benign and malignant lesions and their radiological findings. Introduction Our aim was to discuss the imaging findings of non-odontogenic jaw lesions to help the surgeon in the diagnosis and formulating a differential diagnosis for this vast spectrum of jaw lesions with overlapping clinical and im Read More

Objective The present study aimed to analyze mammography and ultrasonography (US) manifestations of sclerosing lymphocytic lobulitis (SLL) of the breast. Methods A total of 8 pathologically confirmed SLL lesions from seven women (with one patient having bilateral breast lesions) were included in the study. All patients underwent preoperative mammography and US examinations. The findings from both modalities were Read More

Background Ganglioglioma is a rare, slowly proliferating mixed glioneuronal tumor, with the highest incidence observed in children and young adults, but it can also occur in adults. Objective This study aimed to compare the imaging characteristics of ganglioglioma in children/adolescents and adults to facilitate radiographic diagnosis. Methods In this retrospective study, a total of 32 patients were included and divided into t Read More

Aims This study aimed to develop a method for predicting short-term outcomes of lung cancer patients treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) using radiomic features detected through computed tomography images. Methods A prediction model was developed based on a dataset of radiomic features obtained from 132 patients with lung cancer receiving IMRT. Dimension reduction was performed for t Read More

The testis is a richly vascularized organ supplied by low-flow thin caliber vessels that are only partially detected by traditional Doppler systems, such as color and power Doppler. However, in the vascular representation, these techniques determine, albeit to different extents, a cut of the weak vessels due to the necessary application of wall filters that cut the disturbing frequencies responsible for artifacts generated by pulsatio Read More

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the diagnostic power of apparent diffusion coefficient/coefficient of variance (ADCcV) as well as ADC parameters formed based on magnetic resonance images (MRI) in the distinction of molecular breast cancer subtypes. Methods The study involved 205 patients who had breast cancer at stages 1-3. Estrogen receptor (EsR), progesterone receptor (PrR), human epidermal gro Read More

Background Few studies have focused on the changes in human brain function activities caused by reading Chinese characters with different intelligibility and whether it can reflect the understanding and cognitive ability of the human brain. Objective Task-fMRI based on Chinese character reading tasks with different intelligibility was used to explore activated brain regions and their cognitive changes. Methods Volunteers we Read More

Introduction Among all cancer forms, gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is the most serious condition that spreads quickly and requires early detection. GI disorders claim the lives of up to nearly two million people worldwide. To lower the mortality rate from GI cancer, early detection is essential. Methods For the identification of GI illnesses, such as polyps, stomach ulcers, and bleeding, endoscopy is the gold standard in the medic Read More

Objective To analyze the efficacy of microwave ablation (MWA) guided by computed tomography (CT) and 1.5T magnetic resonance (MR) in the treatment of VX2 para-vascular liver tumor model in rabbits. Materials and Methods Sixty para-vascular VX2 liver tumor models in rabbits were randomly divided into CT-guided microwave ablation group (CT group, n=35) and MR-guided microwave ablation group (MR group, n=3 Read More

Objective Extraprostatic extension (EPE) serves as a crucial marker of prostate cancer aggressiveness and independently predicts the likelihood of biochemical recurrence (BCR), exhibiting a strong correlation with the histologic severity of EPE. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the probability of EPE along the zonal level of the prostate by measuring tumor contact length (TCL) using multiparametric magnetic resona Read More

Background The composition of kidney stones is related to the hardness of the stones. Knowing the composition of the stones before surgery can help plan the laser power and operation time of percutaneous nephroscopic surgery. Moreover, patients can be treated with medications if the kidney stone is compounded by uric acid before treatment, which can relieve the patients of the pain of surgery. However, although the Read More

Introduction Budd-Chari syndrome (BCS) is a rare condition defined by the obstruction of hepatic venous outflow. BCS is a relatively infrequent cause of acute liver failure (ALF), accounting for less than 1% of cases. Treatment for acute BCS consists of a stepwise approach, requiring anticoagulation, angioplasty, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), and liver transplantation. Case Report We present the Read More

Objective Compared thyroid volumes measured by 2-D and 3-D US with those of resected specimens and proposed new models to improve measurement accuracy. Methods This study included 80 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy. One 2D_model and one 3D_model were developed using piecewise linear regression analysis. The accuracy of these models was compared using an ellipsoid model (2-D_US val Read More

Aim The study aimed to explore an approach for accurately assembling high-quality lymph node clinical target volumes (CTV) on CT images in cervical cancer radiotherapy with the encoder-decoder 3D network. Methods 216 cases of CT images treated at our center between 2017 and 2020 were included as a sample, which were divided into two cohorts, including 152 cases and 64 cases, respectively. Para-aortic lymph node, Read More

Background: Vertebral artery origin stenting (VAOS) is the mainstream method for the treatment of vertebral artery stenosis (VAS). However, there are few studies on the risk factors analysis for residual stenosis after VAOS. Purpose: This study aimed to apply color Doppler ultrasound (CDU) to evaluate and analyze the risk factors of residual stenosis after VAOS. Methods: About 178 patients with VAOS were included from 2017 t Read More

Introduction: Brain hemorrhage is one of the leading causes of death due to the sudden rupture of a blood vessel in the brain, resulting in bleeding in the brain parenchyma. The early detection and segmentation of brain damage are extremely important for prompt treatment. Methods: Some previous studies focused on localizing cerebral hemorrhage based on bounding boxes without specifying specific damage regions. Howe Read More

There exists a close relationship between liver fibrosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Prolonged progression of liver fibrosis may ultimately lead to cirrhosis, thereby increasing the risk of developing HCC. Current research is exploring non-invasive methods for assessing liver fibrosis. One such method is the single exponential model Diffusion-weighted Imaging (DWI) sequence, which uses the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ( Read More

Objective There are variations in prognosis and therapeutic approach for renal cell carcinoma among different histological subtypes. This study aims to determine the relationship between radiologically detected peritumoral neovascularization and the histological subtypes of Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) and to assess whether extratumoral neovascularization characteristics detected via imaging can contribute to distingui Read More

Objective This study aimed to develop an automated method for segmenting spleen computed tomography (CT) images using a deep learning model to address the limitations of manual segmentation, which is known to be susceptible to inter-observer variability. Subsequently, a prediction model for gastric cancer (GC) differentiation was constructed alongside radiomics, and a nomogram was generated to investigate its cli Read More

Background Castleman disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder, with intracranial involvement being exceedingly rare. Unicentric Castleman disease (UCD) is typically benign and localized, but its presentation can mimic other intracranial pathologies, complicating diagnosis. Case Description We reported a 52-year-old woman who presented with progressive headaches and language disturbances. Imaging, in Read More

Severe pneumonia (SP) is a common cause of septic shock and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), leading to multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. Patients with SP often require respiratory support, and SP is associated with high mortality and is a significant economic burden for hospitalized patients. Therefore, early identification and real-time monitoring of the severity of SP are crucial for improving outcomes. P Read More

Objective This study aimed to establish a multimodal deep-learning network model to enhance the diagnosis of benign and malignant pulmonary ground glass nodules (GGNs). Methods Retrospective data on pulmonary GGNs were collected from multiple centers across China, including North, Northeast, Northwest, South, and Southwest China. The data were divided into a training set and a validation set in an 8:2 ratio. In additi Read More

Introduction To investigate factors influencing the effectiveness and safety of super-selective embolization in patients with high-grade gross hematuria. Materials and Methods This retrospective, single-center study included 19 consecutive cancer patients (12 men and 7 women, mean age of 72.3 years) who had undergone TAE for intractable hematuria between January 2008 and February 2024. Factors such as technic Read More

Introduction This paper presents a multichannel deep-learning method for detecting lung diseases using chest X-ray images. Using EfficientNetB0 through EfficientNetB7 pretrained models, the methodology offers improved performance in classifying COVID-19, viral pneumonia, and normal chest X-rays. Methods The EfficientNetB2 model was customized by incorporating Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) blocks and the Convolutio Read More

Introduction/Background Budd-Chiari syndrome is a rare entity that is caused by an obstruction of the flow in the hepatic veins or inferior vena cava. Case Presentation Herein, we report a rare case of iatrogenic Budd-Chiari syndrome. A 52-year-old woman with chronic renal failure under hemodialysis, presented to our hospital for dyspnea caused by a large pleural effusion. After the placement of the central right jugular v Read More

Objective This study aims to optimize the downgrading of BI-RADS class 4a nodules by combining various sectional elastography techniques with age. Materials and Methods We performed conventional ultrasonography, strain elastography (SE), and shear wave elastography (SWE) on patients. Quantitative parameters recorded included age, cross-sectional and longitudinal area ratios (C-EI/B, L-EI/B), strain rate ratios (C-SR, L-S Read More

Background It remains unknown whether the parameters obtained using the Stretched Exponential Model (SEM) and Fractional Order Calculus (FROC) models can help distinguish Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) from Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Objective This study aimed to evaluate the application value of the parameters of the 3.0T Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) high-order SEM and FROC diffusion mo Read More

Objective Pulmonary sclerosing haemangioma (PSH) is a relatively uncommon benign neoplasm that is often asymptomatic and predominantly affects young and middle-aged females. PSH often appears as a single nodule, whereas multiple lesions with a cavity are relatively rare and easily misdiagnosed. Case Presentation In our study, we report a patient with separated nodules in the same lobe with a cavity and clinical ma Read More

Background Bruxism may cause increased alveolar bone thickness and density and irregular enlargement of the periodontal space. Aim This study aimed to evaluate the mandibular bone quality using radio-morphometric indices and Fractal Dimension (FD) analysis in orthopantomography (OPG). Material and Methods OPGs of 100 patients, 50 bruxers and 50 non-bruxers, were included in this study. Values, such as mental in Read More

Background Currently, most multimodal medical image fusion techniques focus solely on integrating the edge details of image features, often overlooking color preservation from the source images. Hence, this paper proposes a multi-channel fusion algorithm based on gradient domain-guided image filtering. Purpose This study aims to enhance the color preservation of source images in multimodal medical image fusion Read More

Introduction Perivascular Epithelioid Cell tumor (PEComa) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm characterized by the co-expression of melanocytic and myoid markers. While PEComas can arise in diverse anatomical sites, gastric PEComas are exceedingly rare, with merely nine cases documented in the extant literature. Case Presentation Herein, we have presented a case of gastric PEComa in a 65-year-old male patient who exhibite Read More

Introduction Various studies have demonstrated large variations in the annual occupational exposure of medical personnel working in interventional cardiology departments, ranging from 0.1 mSv to exceeding the annual effective occupational dose limit of 20 mSv. Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the 17-year dynamics in the personal dosimetry records of the medical staff in one interventional cardiology de Read More

Background Controversies still exist regarding the mechanism formation of the blend sign, defined as hypodensity and hyperdensity regions, in Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH), and which region associated with bleeding remains unknown. Spot sign is an independent predictor of hematoma expansion (HE) and indicates persistent bleeding focus in the hematoma. Here, we sought to establish the relationship between the spot Read More

Background: Ingestion of gastrointestinal foreign bodies (FB) is a common clinical problem worldwide. Approximately 10–20% of FBs require an endoscopic procedure for removal, and < 1% require surgery. Case Description: An 89-year-old male with Alzheimer's disease was hospitalized because of abdominal pain, abdominal distention, vomiting for three days, and cessation of bowel movements for six days. Abdominal c Read More

Background Dural sinus arteriovenous malformation is an uncommon intracranial vascular malformation. The affected cases may suffer from severe neurological injury. Prenatal ultrasound has been used to diagnose fetal intracranial vascular abnormality, but prenatal three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound presents a very rare anomaly; an arteriovenous malformation of the dural sinus has not been reported. Objective This s Read More

Background Brain tumours represent a diagnostic challenge, especially in the imaging area, where the differentiation of normal and pathologic tissues should be precise. The use of up-to-date machine learning techniques would be of great help in terms of brain tumor identification accuracy from MRI data. Objective This research paper aims to check the efficiency of a federated learning method that joins two classifiers, such Read More

Introduction In this study, we harnessed three cutting-edge algorithms' capabilities to refine the elbow fracture prediction process through X-ray image analysis. Employing the YOLOv8 (You only look once) algorithm, we first identified Regions of Interest (ROI) within the X-ray images, significantly augmenting fracture prediction accuracy. Methods Subsequently, we integrated and compared the ResNet, the SeResNet (S Read More

Background Guizhi Shaoyao Zhimu Decoction can be used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, but there is scarce literature on using ultrasound combined with electrophysiology to evaluate the efficacy of this traditional Chinese medicine. Aim This study aimed to explore the clinical effect of Guizhi Shaoyao Zhimu decoction on cold-dampness arthralgia rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by ultrasound and electrophysio Read More

Introduction The maxillary sinuses are air-filled cavities which vary in size and shape. Sinus radiography has been widely used in the determination of the gender of the individual, especially in forensic investigation for human identification and sexing of individuals. The advanced radiographic techniques like cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), especially the axial and coronal sections, have been considered as a subtle c Read More

Introduction This study intends to provide a novel Invasive Weed Optimization (IWO) algorithm for the detection of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) from ultrasound ovarian images. PCOS is an intricate anarchy described by hyperandrogenemia and irregular menstruation. Indian women are increasingly finding reproductive disorders, namely PCOS. Methods The women having PCOS grow more small follicles in their ovari Read More

Objective This study aimed to establish a model based on Multi-detector Computed Tomography (MDCT), 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT), and clinical features for predicting different growth patterns of preoperative Invasive Adenocarcinoma (IAC). Methods This retrospective study included 357 patients diagnosed with IAC who underwent surgical treatment. A Read More

Background Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease (KFD) is a rare condition, distinguished by its hallmark presentation of regional lymphadenopathy in young adult females. While initially observed to exclusively affect cervical lymph nodes in females under 40 years old, KFD is now known to impact individuals of any age or gender and manifest with adenopathy in various anatomical sites. Nonspecific imaging findings for KFD include Read More

Introduction The use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and radiomics improves the management of Prostate Cancer (PCa) and helps in differentiating between clinically insignificant and significant PCa. This study has explored the diagnostic value of radiomic analysis based on functional parameter maps from monoexponential and diffusion kurtosis models in MRI for differentiating between clinically insignificant Read More

Background Three-dimensional (3D) whole-heart magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an excellent tool to check the heart anatomy of patients with congenital and acquired heart disease. However, most 3D whole-heart MRI acquisitions take a long time to perform, and the sequence used is susceptible to banding artifacts. Purpose To validate an unsupervised neural network that can reduce acquisition time and improve imag Read More

Background The permanent canine usually has a single root and a single root canal. A one-rooted canine with two canals or a canine with two roots and two separate canals may also occur at a lower incidence in the permanent dentition. However, bilateral symmetrical mandibular canines with two roots and two separate canals are less common. Case Presentation This study reported a lower incidence case of bilateral symmetri Read More

Introduction Multimodal medical image fusion techniques play an important role in clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. The process of combining multimodal images involves several challenges depending on the type of modality, transformation techniques, and mapping of structural and metabolic information. Methods Artifacts can form during data acquisition, such as minor movement of patients, or data pre-proces Read More

Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are uncommon mesenchymal tumors of fibroblastic/myofibroblastic origin that stem from various anatomical sites. Most SFTs are asymptomatic and noticed incidentally by various imaging modalities. Although SFTs were initially identified in the pleura and erroneously considered to originate solely from serosal layers, extrapleural SFTs have been reported more commonly than their pleural Read More

Background Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (ICI-P) is a fatal adverse event of immunotherapy. However, there is a lack of methods to identify patients who have a high risk of developing ICI-P in immunotherapy. Purpose We aim at predicting the individualized risk of developing ICI-P by computed tomography (CT) images and deep learning to assist in personalized immunotherapy planning. Methods W Read More

Background Applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical ultrasound have rapidly grown in recent years. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and visualize global research trends and hotspots of AI in medical ultrasound to provide guidance for further exploitation. Objective This study aims to highlight the global research trends and hotspots of the top 100 most-cited papers related to AI in medical ultrasound by combining q Read More

Purpose This study aimed to verify whether the Liver-to-portal Ratio (LPR) can assess the adequacy of the Hepatobiliary Phase (HBP) for patients with different liver functions. Methods A total of 125 patients were prospectively enrolled in the study and graded into the non-cirrhosis group (45), Child-Pugh A group (40), and Child-Pugh B/C group (40). The LPR on HBP was calculated after eight HBPs were obtained within 5-40 min Read More

Introduction Deep neural networks (DNNs) have made significant contributions to diagnosing pneumonia from chest X-ray imaging. However, certain aspects of diagnosis and planning can be further enhanced through the implementation of a Quantum Deep Neural Network (QDNN). Therefore, we introduced a technique that integrates neural networks with quantum algorithms named the ZFNet-quantum neural netw Read More

Objective Challenging HR conditions, such as elevated Heart Rate (HR) and Heart Rate Variability (HRV), are major contributors to motion artifacts in Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA). This study aims to assess the impact of a deep learning-based motion correction algorithm (MCA) on motion artifacts in patients with challenging HR conditions, focusing on image quality and diagnostic performance of Read More

Objective To verify the multiphase ratio of Computer Tomography-value between the renal cortex and renal medulla, which can be used to concisely evaluate renal function in kidney recipients. Methods Fifty-eight kidney recipients were retrospectively enrolled and divided into the Normal group (eGFR≥90 mL/min/1.73m2) and Abnormal group (eGFR<90 mL/min/1.73m2) according to Chronicle Kidney Disease Epide Read More

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of muscle CT radiomics in identifying gout. Materials and Methods A total of 30 gout patients and 20 non-gout cases with CT examinations of ankles were analyzed by using the methods of CT radiomics. CT radiomics features of the soleus muscle were extracted using the software of a 3D slicer, and then gout cases and non-gout cases were compared. The radiomics Read More

Background Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data acquisition includes several sequences that might be optimized to reduce the scan time. Objective This study aimed to investigate the impact of gadolinium chelate administration timing on scan duration and image quality in Diffusion-weighted Imaging (DWI) and T2-weighted Imaging (T2WI) during abdominal MRI examinations. Methods A prospective study was conduc Read More

Background Accurately modeling respiratory motion in medical images is crucial for various applications, including radiation therapy planning. However, existing registration methods often struggle to extract local features effectively, limiting their performance. Objective In this paper, we aimed to propose a new framework called CvTMorph, which utilizes a Convolutional vision Transformer (CvT) and Convolutional Neural N Read More

Background Patients with malignant tumors often develop bone metastases. SPECT bone scintigraphy is an effective tool for surveying bone metastases due to its high sensitivity, low-cost equipment, and radiopharmaceutical. However, the low spatial resolution of SPECT scans significantly hinders manual analysis by nuclear medicine physicians. Deep learning, a promising technique for automated image analysi Read More

Introduction Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE) is a rare immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disorder, which is classified into 3 types according to the affected gastric wall layer. The serosal-type EGE is the least common type. Gastric oral contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (OCEUS) may show some specific changes in the serosal-type EGE. Herein, we reported OCEUS findings in a serosal-type EGE case. Case Presentation Read More

The most common primary malignant brain tumor is glioblastoma. Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) diagnosis is difficult. However, image segmentation and registration methods may simplify and automate Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan analysis. Medical practitioners and researchers can better identify and characterize glioblastoma tumors using this technology. Many se Read More

Aim The automatic computer-assisted mammogram classification system is important for women patients to detect and diagnose the cancer regions. In this work, the mammogram images are classified into three cases: healthy, benign and cancer, using the proposed Resource Efficient Convolutional Neural Network (RECNN architecture). Methods The proposed mammogram image classification system consists of Data Read More

Background Capitellar injury (CI) includes capitellar cartilage injury (CCI) and capitellar fracture (CF). A comprehensive classification of CI concurrent with radial head fracture (RHF) that can guide surgical strategy is lacking in the literature. Therefore, this study aimed to introduce a comprehensive classification of CI concurrent with RHF and investigate its value. Methods A total of 35 patients with CI concurrent with Read More

Background Mediastinal venous malformation (MVM) and fusiform superior vena cava aneurysm (F-SVCA) are both rare congenital vascular anomalies. Case Presentation A 46-year-old male presented with acute ischemic stroke of unknown etiology. Computed tomography (CT) angiography revealed the coexistence of MVM and F-SVCA. Diagnostic venography demonstrated a significant reduction in blood flow ve Read More

Introduction Intrahepatic primary osteosarcoma is a rare disease with a very low incidence but a very poor prognosis. A total of 12 cases have been previously reported, and in most of these cases, intra-focal calcification was observed. This paper aims to report a case of non-calcified intrahepatic primary osteosarcoma. Case Description We hereby report a female patient with hepatitis B for 20 years, identified during Read More

Introduction: “Pelvic rib”, “pelvic digit (finger)”, or “eleventh digit (finger)” is a rare congenital anomaly, in which a finger-like bony structure is present in the soft tissue in the pelvic or abdomen (less common) area. Case Presentation: This case report presents a symptomatic “pelvic digit” discovered in a patient referred to the radiology department after prolonged unilateral hip pain, especially during long walks. To our kno Read More

Background Chest X-ray image classification for multiple diseases is an important research direction in the field of computer vision and medical image processing. It aims to utilize advanced image processing techniques and deep learning algorithms to automatically analyze and identify X-ray images, determining whether specific pathologies or structural abnormalities exist in the images. Objective We present the MMPDenseN Read More

Background The neural mechanisms underlying Congenital Sensorineural Hearing Loss (CSNHL) remain elusive. Objective This study evaluated the function of the glymphatic system in children with CSNHL compared to normal-hearing children using the DTI-ALPS approach, which utilizes diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space. Methods Twenty-six children with CSNHL and 30 age- and sex-matched Healthy C Read More

Background Transcatheter radiofrequency ablation is one of the main treatments for atrial fibrillation, but related complications of this surgery are uncommon. Case Presentation Here, we report a 70-year-old elderly male patient with atrial fibrillation who experienced severe abdominal pain early after undergoing radiofrequency ablation; related imaging examinations suggested that the patient had intestinal edema and thick Read More

Objective The purpose of this study was to compare the image quality of different MRI sequences regarding the presentation of Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans (DFSP). Materials and Methods We retrospectively collected MRI images of 40 patients who had been pathologically diagnosed with DFSP, including 21 primary tumors and 19 recurrent tumors. The image quality of different MRI sequences Read More

Introduction: Osteoid osteoma (OO) is a painful benign bone tumor. Typically, it causes pain that is most noticeable during the night, which is improved by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In the treatment of symptomatic lesions, open surgery for nidus removal is the gold standard. However, surgical technical difficulties and morbidities vary by location. Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) therapy guided by c Read More

Background Prostate cancer, a significant contributor to male cancer mortality globally, demands improved diagnostic strategies. In Saudi Arabia, where the incidence is expected to double, this study assessed the compliance of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) practices with Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System version 2 (PI-RADS v2) guidelines across diverse healthcare institutions. Methods A survey was distributed to Read More

Aims This study aimed to enhance the existing nursing model in imaging departments by implementing a characteristic seamless nursing care approach and assessing its impact on patient and medical staff satisfaction, nursing quality, examination efficiency, and patient awareness. We hypothesized that the implementation of a seamless nursing care model would be associated with higher patient satisfaction, improved Read More