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- Volume 20, Issue 1, 2024
Current Medical Imaging - Volume 20, Issue 1, 2024
Volume 20, Issue 1, 2024
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The Radiological Evaluation of the Anatomy of the Alveolar Antral Artery and the Lateral Wall Thickness Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Qiman Zhou, Feng Qiao and Dongwang ZhuObjectivesStudy test aims to assess the position and route of the alveolar antral artery and the lateral wall thickness of the maxillary sinus using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), reducing the risk of complications and improving the success rate of surgery.
Materials and MethodsThis study included CBCT scans from 238 patients. The detection diameter of AAA and distance of the lower border of AAA to the maxillary sinus floor at the first premolar, second premolar, first molar, and second molar locations were evaluated. The route of AAA was observed with novel classification. Furthermore, the distance from the maxillary sinus floor to the alveolar crest at four posterior tooth locations was measured respectively. Moreover, the lateral wall thickness at four locations was assessed. Data were subjected to statistical analysis.
ResultsAAA was observed in 62.18% of all sinuses. The mean diameter was 0.99±0.21 mm, with significant differences within gender. Half of the route of AAA was intrasinus intraosseous type. The mean distance between the maxillary sinus floor and AAA was 8.00±2.68 mm, with a significant difference between dentate and edentulous status at the first molar location. Distance from the sinus floor to the alveolar ridge crest in edentulous status negatively correlated with the distance from the sinus floor to AAA at the first molar location. The mean thickness of the lateral wall was 2.03±0.91 mm, and the difference in thickness between males and females at the four locations was statistically significant.
ConclusionIntrasinus-intraosseous type, is the most common route. Special care should be taken at the first molar location during a lateral window sinus floor elevation. CBCT is highly recommended to before lateral wall maxillary sinus floor elevation.
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Reliability of Conventional Hip MRI in Detecting Labral Tear and Labrocartilagenous Lesions in cases of Femoroacetabular Impingement, A Comparative Study with Hip Arthroscopy
Authors: Heba Ibrahim, Muhammad Ali Raffat and Thomas NauBackgroundImaging studies play a crucial role in diagnosing femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), including plain radiography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). FAI is a combined pathology of bony abnormality, labral and labrocartilagenous erosions. Surgical treatment for such cases has become more established and preoperative imaging is the roadmap that includes the assessment of labrum and articular cartilage.
MethodsDuring a period of 2 years, thirty-seven patients with a clinical diagnosis of FAI were retrospectively enrolled in this study, including 17 men and 20 women, aged 27–62 years. There were 22 right hips and 15 left hips. MRI was done for all patients to identify bony details, labral and chondral abnormalities and to exclude coexisting disorders. The imaging findings were compared with the arthroscopic data.
Results15 patients had Pincer FAI, 11 patients had CAM, and 11 patients had combined Cam/Pincer FAI. Labral tear was detected in 100% of patients, 97% had an anterosuperior labral tear. 82% of patients had partial thickness cartilage lesions and 8% had full thickness cartilage lesions. MRI had a sensitivity of 100% compared to hip arthroscopy in detecting labral tear, 60% in detecting cartilage erosion.
ConclusionConventional hip MRI detects bony changes in FAI, type of impingement and associated labral tear and cartilage erosions in comparison to the hip arthroscopy.
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Standardization of Breast Dynamic Contrast-enhanced MRI Signal with Application to the Assessment of Background Parenchymal Enhancement Rate
Authors: Milica Medved, Keiko Tsuchiya, Xiaobing Fan, Gregory S. Karczmar and Hiroyuki AbeBackgroundThere is currently no clinically accepted method for quantifying background parenchymal enhancement (BPE), though a sensitive method might allow individualized risk management based on the response to cancer-preventative hormonal therapy.
ObjectiveThe objective of this pilot study is to demonstrate the utility of linear modeling of standardized dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCEMRI) signal for quantifying changes in BPE rates.
MethodsOn a retrospective database search, 14 women with DCEMRI examinations pre- and post-treatment with tamoxifen were identified. DCEMRI signal was averaged over the parenchymal ROIs to obtain time-dependent signal curves S(t). The gradient echo signal equation was used to standardize scale S(t) to values of FA = 10° and TR = 5.5 ms, and obtain the standardized DCE-MRI signal Sp(t). Relative signal enhancement was calculated from Sp, and the reference tissue method for T1 calculation was used to standardize to gadodiamide as the contrast agent, obtaining . in the first 6 minutes post-contrast administration was fit to a linear model with the slope α denoting the standardized rate relative BPE.
ResultsChanges in α were not found to be significantly correlated with the average duration of tamoxifen treatment, age at the initiation of preventative treatment, or pre-treatment BIRADS breast density category. The average change in α showed a large effect size of -1.12, significantly higher than -0.86 observed without signal standardization (p < 0.01).
ConclusionLinear modeling of BPE in standardized DCEMRI can provide quantitative measurements of BPE rates, improving sensitivity to changes due to tamoxifen treatment.
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Current Trends in Feature Extraction and Classification Methodologies of Biomedical Signals
Authors: Sachin Kumar, Karan Veer and Sanjeev KumarBiomedical signal and image processing is the study of the dynamic behavior of various bio-signals, which benefits academics and research. Signal processing is used to assess the behavior of analogue and digital signals for the assessment, reconfiguration, improved efficiency, extraction of features, and reorganization of patterns. This paper unveils hidden characteristic information about input signals using feature extraction methods. The main feature extraction methods used in signal processing are based on studying time, frequency, and frequency domain. Feature exaction methods are used for data reduction, comparison, and reducing dimensions, producing the original signal with sufficient accuracy with a structure of an efficient and robust pattern for the classifier system. Therefore, an attempt has been made to study the various feature extraction methods, feature transformation methods, classifiers, and datasets for biomedical signals.
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The Short-term Efficacy of Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) and Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Fusion Imaging-guided Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) for Colorectal Liver Metastasis (CRLM)
Authors: Lei Li, Lei Zhang, Xue Han, Xintong Li, Huajing Yang, Ya-Nan SUN and Wen ChengObjectiveThis study is to explore the efficacy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) / Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) fusion imaging-guided(fusion group)radiofrequency ablation (RFA) versus conventional ultrasound imaging-guided (conventional group) RFA for colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) in a short-term.
MethodsFrom December 2020 to December 2021, patients who underwent imaging-guided RFA of CRLM at our hospital with available CT/MRI images were enrolled consecutively. 22 patients with 46 lesions had undergone conventional group RFA whereas 29 patients with 63 lesions had undergone fusion group RFA. The lesion detection rate, technical success, local tumor progression (LTP) and complications were calculated.
ResultsIn this retrospective study, 51 patients with 130 lesions were diagnosed with CRLM. However, there were 12 lesions and 9 lesions invisible in the conventional group and fusion group, respectively. The lesion detection rate on the fusion imaging was significantly higher than on the US or CEUS in the fusion group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences of the detection rate between the conventional group and the fusion group (P=0.207). In both groups, the technical success rate was 100%. For local tumor progression (LTP), there were no significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05). The complications after ablation had no significant differences between the two groups (P=0.97).
ConclusionCEUS/ Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI fusion imaging is a safe and effective method for RFA in the management of CRLM patients, and it may improve the therapeutic effect by detecting small lesions early.
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Test_1 upload Clinical Application of Ultrasound Elastic Imaging in Assessing Poststroke Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)
Authors: Min Gao, Zhenwu Gao, Yingchun Li, Bo Zeng and Ying LiangAims TestHello!!!This study is aimed to explore the characteristics and clinical application of ultrasonic elastography in peripheral soft tissue in patients with poststroke complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS).
BackgroundComplex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) type I is also known as shoulder hand syndrome (SHS). Its main symptoms include shoulder pain, limited activity, upper arm, wrist, and knuckle joint pain. Ultrasonic elastic imaging technology is gradually being applied to musculoskeletal system evaluation, primarily for the elastic examination of superficial tissue, as a result of the continual advancements in ultrasound technology. To make up for the absence of conventional imaging, functional state evaluation of the motor system can offer conventional ultrasonic tissue elasticity and hardness data.
ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to objectively quantify the soft tissue surrounding the shoulder joint of stroke patients with CRPS using ultrasonic elastic imaging and to determine the diagnostic usefulness of ultrasonic elastic imaging for CRPS in stroke in order to promote its usage in clinical practice.
Materials and MethodsPatients diagnosed with CRPS following a stroke and admitted to the rehabilitation unit at Shanxi Bethune Hospital between January, 2021 to June, 2021 were included in the analysis. The control group consisted of people without pain in their shoulder joints. Each group consisted of 30 patients. A high-frequency wire array probe (frequency = 8-16 Hz) was employed in conjunction with an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus. A quantitative analytic system determined Young's modulus of the tissue, while the tracking of the shear wave provided an elastin map in real-time. An excitation pulse of acoustic radiation force was used to cause shear waves in the tissue.
ResultsThe Young's modulus of supraspinatus muscle in the study and control groups was 289.16±22.07 Kpa and 231.99±23.61 Kpa, respectively (P <0.01). Young's modulus values of the study group's subscapular biceps were compared to those of the control group (P > 0.05). The supraspinatus shear wave elastographic (SWE) imaging value was 10.01±0.49 m/s in the study group and 7.92±0.50 in the control group (P <0.05). The study and control groups had subscapular muscle SWE values of 15.99±1.95 and 8.64±0.56 m/s, respectively (P <0.05). The average biceps tendon SWE value in the study and control groups was 6.39±0.42 and 4.69±0.36 m/s, respectively (P <0.05).
Conclusion test12In conclusion, the SWE assessed by ultrasound elastography is useful for early diagnosis and evaluation of the superior shoulder tendon, subscapular tendon, and biceps tendon of CRPS following stroke test.
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Comparative Study of CT and MR Guided Microwave Ablation in the Treatment of Para-vascular VX2 Liver Tumor Model in Rabbits
Authors: Ren Ziwang, Feng Guiling, Feng Xu, Liu Zhu, Li Bing and Du YongObjectiveTo analyze the efficacy of microwave ablation (MWA) guided by computed tomography (CT) and 1.5T magnetic resonance (MR) in the treatment of VX2 para-vascular liver tumor model in rabbits.
Materials and MethodsSixty para-vascular VX2 liver tumor models in rabbits were randomly divided into CT-guided microwave ablation group (CT group, n=35) and MR-guided microwave ablation group (MR group, n=35). The complete ablation rate, mean operation time, postoperative complication rate and mean survival time were compared between the two groups.
ResultsIn the CT group, the rate of complete ablation was 68.6% (24/35), and the mean operation time was 42.1 ± 9.7 minutes. Three cases had ascites and one case had abdominal wall injury. In the MR group, the rate of complete ablation was 94.2% (33/35), and the mean operation time was 53.4 ± 10.9 minutes. One case was complicated with ascites. No serious complications such as pneumothorax, liver abscess, pleural effusion and diaphragm perforation were found in both groups. Between the two groups, the difference in complete ablation rate was statistically significant (P=0.006 < 0.05). A statistically significant difference can also be found in mean operation time (P < 0.01). The follow-up time was 21 days after the operation. As for the postoperative complication rate (11.4% in the CT group and 2.9% in the MR group, P=0.353) and mean survival time (16.9 ± 1.8 days in CT group, 18.3 ± 2.3 days in the MR group, P=0.925), the differences were not statistically significant.
ConclusionCompared with CT guidance, although the microwave ablation time under MR guidance was longer, the complete ablation rate under MR guidance was high, which proved that MR guidance was a more effective way of microwave ablation guidance and was worth promoting in the clinic. In this experiment, the postoperative complication rate was lower in the MR group, although the difference was not statistically significant, which may be related to the small sample size, and the subsequent study on the postoperative complication rate can increase the sample content.
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Volumes & issues
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Volume 20 (2024)
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Volume 19 (2023)
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Volume 18 (2022)
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Volume 17 (2021)
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Volume 16 (2020)
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Volume 15 (2019)
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Volume 14 (2018)
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Volume 13 (2017)
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Volume 12 (2016)
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Volume 11 (2015)
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Volume 10 (2014)
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Volume 9 (2013)
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Volume 8 (2012)
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Volume 7 (2011)
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Volume 6 (2010)
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Volume 5 (2009)
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Volume 4 (2008)
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Volume 3 (2007)
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Volume 2 (2006)
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Volume 1 (2005)