Current Pharmaceutical Design - Online First

Background S. vaninii, a well-established traditional Chinese medicine with potent pharmacological effects against cancer, lacks clarity regarding its mechanism of action. Objective To elucidate the bioactive components in S. vaninii and to elucidate their potential anticancer mechanisms. Methods Firstly, the chemical composition of S. vaninii was characterized using UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS/MS technique. Subsequentl Read More

Background Due to increasing antibiotic resistance, researchers are investigating the medicinal potential of nanoparticles, particularly their antibacterial and antiviral properties. Among other things, this concern mandates the journey for novel and more potent antibacterial drugs. The crucial role of nanoparticles in the treatment of various microbial diseases has been demonstrated in several research studies. Aim & O Read More

Ingestion of button batteries (BB) represents a substantial health hazard, causing more common and severe complications than most other ingested objects. While the primary mechanism of injury is alkaline caustic injury (mediated by hydroxide ions produced through electrolysis at the site of the button battery), additional pathophysiological processes include pressure-induced necrosis, accumulation of hydroxide compo Read More

(NEs) are submicron-sized colloidal dispersions (20–500 nm) consisting of oil and aqueous phases stabilized by surfactants and cosurfactants. Despite their thermodynamic instability, NEs maintain kinetic stability, preventing separation and aggregation. This stability distinguishes them from microemulsions, which are thermodynamically stable and formed spontaneously. The emulsification process involves a reduction in Gibb Read More

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome, affecting about a quarter of the world's population. As the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome rises, NAFLD is projected to become the leading cause of cirrhosis in the coming years. NAFLD is a complex disease whose pathophysiology mainly focuses on metabolic dysfunction and intestinal microecological dysregulatio Read More

For the pharmaceutical industry, hot-melt extrusion (HME) has become a cutting-edge production process. Compared to conventional procedures, HME is a solvent-free approach that offers numerous applications, cost-effectiveness, and continuous manufacturing. Studying the formulation and process characteristics should be prioritized in order to satisfy requirements. Many distinct dosage forms for different purposes can be f Read More

Background Qu’s formula 6 (QUF6), a patented Chinese herbal medicine, is used to treat hypothyroidism in the context of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). This research aims to identify the potential bioactive components and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms by which QUF6 cures hypothyroidism during IVF-ET. Materials and Methods To find the active components of QUF6, the Traditional Chinese Read More

Nanomaterials offer significant potential for disease diagnosis and dental treatments due to their unique properties, such as a large surface area and nanoscale size. According to the World Health Organization, about 3.5 billion people worldwide regularly experience dental problems, which can cause significant suffering and disrupt the sufferer’s everyday activities. Dental problems, such as dental caries (tooth decay), pulpiti Read More

Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) has become a worldwide health crisis. In addition to its effects on liver function, MASLD intensely increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and a number of extrahepatic cancers, including breast, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers. This review explores the complex network of molecular pathways linking MASLD to cancer, emphasizing the involve Read More

Objective Despite recent advances in surgical procedures, postoperative peritoneal adhesions are common following major abdominopelvic surgery. Here, the therapeutic potential of Punica granatum var. pleniflora (PGP) on postoperative peritoneal adhesions has been explored in a rat uterine horn adhesion model. Methods Eighteen Albino Wistar female rats were divided into three groups: control group, sham, and trea Read More

Psoriasis is a chronic disease that is common and incurable. In psoriasis, skin cells proliferate more quickly than normal cells, suggesting a possible immune system connection. The topical treatment of psoriasis is best when applied in combination with anti-inflammatory medications; however, the lack of an appropriate delivery method limits the drugs' ability to be delivered. Due to several problems, including adverse reactions Read More

Gout, based on hyperuricemia, is an immune disease characterized by redness and pain caused by monosodium urate (MSU) deposition in the joints. Inflammation is the fundamental cause of gout symptoms, and many immune cells, such as monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, and T lymphocytes, have been shown to be involved in various processes of pathological progress. This study reviews the changes and functio Read More

Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains a significant therapeutic challenge due to its chronic inflammatory nature. Consequently, many patients turn to alternative therapies, such as herbal compounds and supplements, when conventional treatments prove relatively ineffective or cause adverse side effects. Some compounds are being investigated for their potential to alleviate RA symptoms or manage disease. Thi Read More

Introduction Nanomedicine offers immense potential in the field of Central Nervous System (CNS) disorder treatment, encompassing conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, and stroke. Methods Through the utilization of nanotechnology-driven drug delivery systems, the efficacy of drugs can be amplified, their toxicity minimized, and their bioavailability increased, enabling them Read More

Breast cancer is a complex disease caused by the aberrant and unchecked proliferation of breast cells, which leads to the development of tumours. In various types of cancer, the Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Protein kinase B (PKB, also known as Akt (PI3K/Akt) signalling pathway, is essential for controlling cell survival, metastasis, and metabolism. Currently, marketed PI3K inhibitors for treating breast cancer face several issues, i Read More

Plants are a source of a variety of compounds, such as vegetable oils, which are rich in fatty acids and possess skin-whitening properties. Considering the hyperpigmentation treatment challenges (lack of efficacy or aggressiveness), the constant search for new whitening substances is necessary. Given vegetable oils’ potential and application in dermatological and cosmetic products, we reviewed the scientific literature Read More

Introduction Dysphania ambrosioides, commonly known as “mastruz,” is a medicinal plant traditionally used for its therapeutic properties, including antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. Previous studies have also suggested its antitumor potential. However, its role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxic effects of D. ambrosioides extracts on SCC4 ( Read More

Background An essential component of cell development, proliferation, and survival is the transmembrane receptor known as the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Dysregulated EGFR signalling is an appealing pathway that has been linked to the genesis and progression of several cancer types. EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are targeted drugs that show promise in the fight against cancer. EGFR tyrosine kina Read More

Benzothiazole derivatives have garnered considerable attention owing to their versatile chemical scaffold and remarkable biological activities. The article provides an in-depth analysis of the diverse structural modifications and strategies employed to enhance the anticancer potential of these compounds from the period of 2020 to 2024. It discusses the role of structure-activity relationships (SAR) and computational approache Read More

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a type of RNA with a length of more than 200 nucleotides. They do not encode proteins but are crucial in regulating gene expression and affecting the malignant biological behavior of cancer. Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 10 (SNHG10) is a novel lncRNA that plays a regulatory role in many malignant tumors. Several recent studies have shown that SNHG10 is aberrantly expressed i Read More

Introduction Neuropathy caused by chemotherapy, a dose-limiting neurotoxic side effect, often leads to treatment discontinuation. About 30 to 70% of patients treated with paclitaxel experience peripheral neuropathy due to the drug combination and dosage. Given the significant prevalence of neuropathy in individuals who have undergone chemotherapy treatments and the growing need for new therapeutic approaches, includi Read More

Background As a heterogeneous clinical syndrome, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is caused by infection-associated inflammation with limited treatment options. Esketamine possesses anti-inflammatory properties, and it is effective in treating lung diseases. Objective This study aimed to unveil the efficacy and mechanism of esketamine in ARDS. Methods Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is widely used to induce inflamm Read More

Novel vaccine formulations called nano vaccines which use nanoparticles (NPs) as adjuvants or carriers, are being developed in place of conventional vaccines. The field of study on peptide-based nano vaccines is enlarging fast as a result of combining antigenic peptides with nano-transport systems. This paper explores advancements in anticancer nano vaccines, focusing on their mechanisms, challenges, and oppo Read More

Introduction Eprosartan is an effective blood pressure medication that blocks the Angiotensin Type 1 (AT1) receptor. The studies conducted on Eprosartan showed anti-oxidative stress effects and modulating inflammatory mechanisms. The current research is designed to clarify and examine the possible advantageous impacts of Eprosartan against chronic ethanol-induced hepatic damage. Method Twenty-four male Read More

Background Healthcare is rapidly leveraging machine learning to enhance patient care, streamline operations, and address complex medical issues. Though ethical issues, model efficiency, and algorithmic bias exist, the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted its usefulness in disease outbreak prediction and treatment optimization. Aim This article aims to discuss machine learning applications, benefits, and the ethical and pract Read More

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Given the increasing age of the general population, PD has emerged as a significant public health and societal concern, impacting both individual well-being and socioeconomic progress. The present interventions have proven insufficient in impeding the progressive nature of PD. Consequently, it is imperative to promptly identify effica Read More

Introduction The increasing use of antibiotics coupled with the lack of innovative and effective antimicrobial agents has increased the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) worldwide. To overcome the AMR-associated prolonged disease duration and increased mortality rates, new antimicrobial agents are in high demand. In this context, hydrazone and oxadiazole derivatives are endowed with remarkable biocidal a Read More

Aim Quercetin, a bioactive flavonoid extracted from traditional Chinese medicine, has anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effects. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a nuclear receptor highly expressed in the liver, plays important roles in maintaining hepatic glucose homeostasis, anti-inflammation, liver regeneration, and anti-cancer properties. Whether quercetin regulates the glycolysis/glycolysis pathway through FXR signaling remains Read More

Recent research suggests that targeting ferroptosis exhibits promise as a potent treatment approach for breast carcinoma. Specific subtypes of tumor cells exhibit heightened vulnerability to ferroptosis-inducing chemicals, which selectively trigger tumor stem cells' demise, enhance tumor cells' sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs, and eliminate cancerous cells. Ferroptosis plays a dual role in breast cancer progression, e Read More

Nanogels (NGs) are presently the focus of extensive research because of their special qualities, including minimal particle size, excellent encapsulating efficacy, and minimizing the breakdown of active compounds. As a result, NGs are great candidates for drug delivery systems. Cross-linked nanoparticles (NPs) called stimulus-responsive NGs are comprised of synthetic, natural, or a combination of natural and synthetic Read More

Schizophrenia is a heterogeneous neuropsychological disorder characterized by three distinct sets of symptoms: positive, negative, and cognitive. It carries significant public health implications and is estimated to affect up to 1% of the population. Despite extensive research, the underlying mechanisms of schizophrenia are not entirely understood, and existing antipsychotic treatments have notable limitations. Firstly, these t Read More

Introduction Fungal endophytes have mutualistic associations with the plant's host, communicating through genetic and metabolic processes. As a result, they gain the ability to generate therapeutically effective metabolites and their derivatives. Methods The current study aims to assess antioxidant potential along with the identification of robust metabolites within the crude extract of a potent endophytic fungus Xylaria ell Read More

Objective The present study delves into the exploration of diagnostic biomarkers linked with ferroptosis in the context of diabetic nephropathy, unraveling their underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods In this study, we retrieved datasets GSE96804 and GSE30529 as the training cohort, followed by screening for Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs). By intersecting these DEGs with known ferroptosis-related genes, we o Read More

Introduction Brain ischemia-reperfusion can cause serious and irreversible health problems. Recent studies have suggested that certain flavonoids may help stabilize the correctly folded structure of the visual photoreceptor protein rhodopsin and offset the deleterious effect of retinitis pigmentosa mutations. Objective The current study aimed to determine the effect of 3',4'-Dihydroxyflavonol (DiOHF) supplementation fo Read More

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles secreted by various cell types, playing a crucial role in intercellular communication by carrying proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, thus holding significant potential in diagnostics and therapeutics. Accurate labeling of exosomes is vital for studying their biogenesis, trafficking, and functional properties, enabling precise tracking and manipulation. This review examines current labeling tech Read More

Hemophilia A (HA) is an inherited condition that is characterized by a lack of coagulation factor VIII (FVIII), which is needed for blood clotting. To produce recombinant factor VIII (rFVIII) for treatment, innovative methods are required. This study presents a thorough examination of the genetic engineering and biotechnological methods that are essential for the production of this complex process. Multiple host cells, such as ani Read More

Amyloid beta (Aβ) dyshomeostasis is considered the main biological aberration in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) pathology. The interplay between Aβ formation and clearance is predominantly modulated by a disintegrin and a metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10, α-secretase) and β-site APP Cleaving Enzyme 1 (BACE1), the two pivotal enzymes in both non-amyloidogenic/amyloidogenic and amyloidolytic pathways. Emerging evidence s Read More

Mucosal Melanoma (MM) is an aggressive disease that is distinct from cutaneous melanoma risk in risk factors, prognosis, and treatment. Surgical treatment is currently the treatment of choice for localized disease; however, the recurrence rate is common. For advanced or metastatic disease, immunotherapy with PD-1 inhibitors and anti-CTLA is generally first-line treatment, however the overall responses to immunotherapy in Read More

Polymer and lipid-based nanocarriers are a state-of-art in nanomedicine and in co-drug delivery of drugs that could merges various diagnostic and treatment modalities such radiotherapy (RT), photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chemotherapy (CT) in cancer therapy. Among various shapes and nanostructures, polymer and lipid-based nanocarriers have the potential to carry two drugs in same time to cells. However, hydrophobic Read More

Saffron, derived from the Crocus sativus plant, has been revered for centuries for its culinary, medicinal, and cultural significance. This review provides a comprehensive overview of saffron's chemical constituents and phytochemistry, elucidating its rich profile of bioactive compounds. Emphasis is placed on exploring the bio-accessibility, bioavailability, and bioactivity of saffron's phytochemicals, laying the foundation for Read More