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image of The Multifaceted Roles of Thrombomodulin: Anti-coagulation, Anti-inflammation, and Anti-tumor Potential

Abstract

Thrombomodulin (TM) is a single-chain transmembrane glycoprotein with anticoagulant effects. TM has two forms: membrane type existing on the cell surface and blood type free in plasma and urine. TM functions as an anticoagulant cofactor for thrombin activation of protein C on the surface of vascular endothelial cells. Due to the excellent anti-coagulant effects in modulating the coagulation and fibrinolytic system, the recombinant human soluble TM (rhsTM) has been used for the treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). In addition to anti-coagulation, many studies have shown that TM can also exert anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects. TM has a lectin-like domain at its N-terminus that has been shown to exhibit direct anti-inflammatory functions. At the same time, due to its special structure, thrombomodulin plays an important role in vascular-related mechanistic diseases by participating in the regulation of inflammatory pathways, complement, HMGB1, . In this article, changes in TM expression in the body after injury, composition of TM structural domains, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor effects, and related mechanisms of TM were systematically reviewed, to provide a theoretical basis and reference for the potential clinical implications of TM in treating various diseases.

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2025-01-30
2025-04-02

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/content/journals/cpd/10.2174/0113816128335289241218161938
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The Multifaceted Roles of Thrombomodulin: Anti-coagulation, Anti-inflammation, and Anti-tumor Potential
Bentham Science Publishers ; https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128335289241218161938
/content/journals/cpd/10.2174/0113816128335289241218161938
/content/journals/cpd/10.2174/0113816128335289241218161938
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  • Article Type:     Review Article
Keywords: tumor ; disseminated intravascular coagulation ; inflammation ; coagulation ; Thrombomodulin

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