Current Indian Science - Volume 2, Issue 1, 2024

BackgroundOvarian cancer is the most fatal gynecological cancer, with the highest death rate because of its late diagnosis and recurrence. Owing to the inherent drawbacks of conventionally available approaches for ovarian cancer treatment, alternative strategies need to be developed. Recently, nanotechnology-based drug delivery vehicles (polymer, liposome, dendrimers, etc.) have been extensively used in cancer ther Read More

The unique physicochemical properties, low cost, low toxicity, and size- and shape-dependent magnetic properties of the ferrite-based nanoparticles make them an indispensable choice of material for various applications, including catalysis.The objective of this review is to summarize the results of the most widely used ferrite nanoparticles such as NiFe2O4, CuFe2O4, CoFe2O4, ZnFe2O4, and MnFe2O4 as ca Read More

Ubiquitous expression patterns of nuclear hormone and their receptors (NHRs) have their own roles in performing essential functions in controlling hormone responsive element-promoted gene transcription. In diseased states such as cancer, NHRs play crucial roles and hence targeting these receptors are essential as it gives us a window of opportunity for developing targeted anticancer therapeutics. In comparison to traditio Read More

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic syndrome that gradually leads to chronic microvascular or macrovascular complications. There are 2 types of DM: Insulin-dependent diabetes, commonly called type I DM, is an organ-specific autoimmune disorder that destroys the body’s pancreatic β cells, causing insulin deficiency, and can be treated through insulin replacement therapy. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, or type II D Read More

BackgroundTinospora cordifolia (TC), commonly referred to as Guduchi, holds a prominent position in the Indian traditional system of medicine and has been cited in Ayurvedic literature for its efficacy in the treatment of a range of ailments, including jaundice, urinary issues, diabetes, prolonged diarrhea, skin conditions, stomachaches, and dysentery.MethodsThe present study analyzed the content of phytochemical markers pres Read More

AimsThe primary aim of this study is to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in a zebrafish model of diabetes induced by streptozotocin.BackgroundDiabetes mellitus is characterized by chronic organ dysfunction and failure. Natural compounds, particularly polyphenols such as EGCG present in green tea, have garnered attention for their potential in managing various complicatio Read More

BackgroundCarissa carandus L., commonly known as Karonda, is renowned for its distinctive tangy flavor, making it a valuable ingredient in culinary applications. Additionally, its extensive array of phytoconstituents renders it a significant component of traditional Indian herbal medicine, where it has been used to address various health conditions. Despite its availability, palatability, and diverse phytochemical profile, Karo Read More

IntroductionThis work investigates the synthesis of self-assembled novel carbo benzyl oxy - L - alanyl - L - valine benzyl ester (CBAVBE).MethodsThorough studies of the morphology, optical, and structural investigations by UV-Visible, UV-DRS, FT-IR, FT-Raman, HR-TEM, and FE-SEM are used to characterize the self-assembled CBAVBE and computational studies also investigated. The anti-oxidant capability of Read More

Catalysis is an integral part of sustainable and green chemical processes. During the last two decades, the wonder 2D carbon material with honeycomb structure, graphene, and other functionalized graphenes have emerged as extremely versatile and robust nanomaterials in heterogeneous catalysis. The incredible catalytic efficacy of such carbon nanomaterials relies on their unique physicochemical propertie Read More

Bacterial and biofilm infections remain a leading cause of global mortality, prompting a shift beyond conventional antibiotic drug development due to the rapid emergence of antimicrobial resistance. This mini-review delves into giving a brief understanding of the realm of metal-containing nanomaterials, emphasizing their potential in antimicrobial phototherapy free from bacterial resistance. The focus extends to transition Read More

BackgroundNephrotoxicity caused by GM is a complicated occurrence that results in a variety of structural and functional changes, including lesions in the glomerular region and proximal tubule damage, which leads to sudden kidney failure. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has also been linked to GM. Acute hepatic impairments caused by medication might lead to rapid deterioration of liver function.ObjectiveThe Read More

Integral membrane proteins are attractive targets for therapeutic intervention due to their crucial roles in cellular functions and their involvement in various diseases. However, targeting these proteins for degradation has posed significant challenges due to their complex structures and diverse functions. The emergence of proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTAC) represents a groundbreaking paradigm shift in drug development Read More

Chronic wounds generally take a lot of time to recover, which becomes a cause of worry for the patient and also makes it difficult to manage them. Chronic wound affects the minds of millions of people worldwide, which results in a high mortality rate. Nanomedicine has emerged as a promising tool in addressing this issue of chronic wounds. Nanomedicine in chronic wound healing holds the potential to revolutionize wound care Read More

The review explores the vital dimensions of pharmacovigilance (PV) and adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting in the healthcare industry, highlighting their importance for public health and patient safety. The review follows the development of PV from its historical beginnings in India, highlighting significant turning points and legislative frameworks that have influenced modern practices. Sibutramine, a well-known med Read More

Oxidation of alcohols in an oxidant-free condition, commonly known as the acceptorless dehydrogenation (AD) reaction, has recently emerged as one of the widely used processes in synthetic organic chemistry. Alcohol acts as an excellent chemical precursor that produces a variety of dehydrogenated value-added products such as carbonyls, acids, acetals, and several coupling products, followed by the concomitant ev Read More

AimThis study aims to explore the binding interactions between synthesized 3,3’-Disubstituted Oxindoles and the HCK enzyme, with the specific goal of discovering potential anticancer agents.BackgroundCancer presents an ongoing global health challenge, necessitating the exploration of innovative therapeutic approaches. Isatin derivatives and pyridine compounds hold great promise for the development of anticancer dr Read More

The technological advances in mass spectrometry and associated computational tools have enabled the development of proteome atlases and comprehensive catalogs of proteome snapshots that have gradually transformed biomedical research. These proteome catalogs in specific biological contexts, which focused initially on model organisms, have now expanded their scope to encompass diverse organisms, tissue Read More

AimTo Fabricate the superhydrophobic Stainless Steel (SS) mesh using Trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) through a Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) method for the oil-water mixture separation.BackgroundThe frequent oil spills have a devastating impact on marine ecosystems and the environment. The porous materials with superhydrophobic properties have been created to separate oil and water effectively. Due to th Read More

The identification of heavy metals by sensing technologies is a crucial area of study since these metals are present in the environment and are hazardous. The in-depth analyses of the probes' structures and sensing capabilities improve our understanding of how to design and develop probes for the same metal in the future. The third most common metal ion and trace element, copper (Cu2+), is essential to all living thi Read More

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a significant gynecological disorder that commonly affects women of reproductive age. Disturbances in the production and metabolism of androgens and estrogens mark the condition. Due to the rising occurrence of PCOS and its related physical and psychological issues, along with the role of sex hormone fluctuations in its development, the use of marketed drugs is effective in treatin Read More

Transition metals have a useful and significant role in catalysis. They are considered essential chemical tools in various organic transformations. Transition Metal catalysts are extensively used in the research laboratory and industrial/manufacturing processes. Indeed, it is hard to find a complex synthetic reaction or an industrial process that does not, at some stage, require a metal catalyst. They have a paramount impa Read More

Background:The ring-opening polymerization (ROP) reaction has provided an efficient and convenient route to prepare polyesters of high molecular weight, low polydispersity index, and high optical purity. The poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(lactide) (PLA) were prepared through ROP reaction of ε-caprolactone and D, L-lactide, respectively. These compounds have a huge industrial demand and become an interest among the s Read More

Fungi are widely acknowledged as one of the most diverse and ecologically significant organisms with substantial economic importance on Earth. Edible and medicinal mushrooms have been recognized by human societies since ancient times, serving not only as valuable sources of nourishment but also as medicinal agents. The primary objective of this study is to explore the fruiting bodies of edible mushrooms and Read More

In organic synthesis, carbon-carbon bond formation is the fundamental transformation to create the carbon backbone of organic molecules and this key reaction is very popular in the improvement of organic chemistry, which exists at the bottom of the heart of the chemical sciences. The Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement has received great attention in the formation of 1,3-diketones through the regioselective construct Read More

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is vital to numerous energy conversion technologies, such as fuel cells and metal-air batteries. Moreover, to enhance the overall efficacy and durability of these devices, it is crucial to develop catalysts that are both effective and economical. Among the many explored catalyst materials, cobalt chalcogenides have attracted considerable interest due to their unique properties and exceptio Read More

Exploring a diverse range of bioinspired molecules is crucial for addressing real-world healthcare challenges and finding effective solutions. While numerous materials have been proposed and developed, their compatibility and stability within biological systems remain not fully understood and they are still undergoing extensive examination for their potential successful therapeutic translation. In this context, we aimed to provid Read More

The earth-abundant metal chalcogenide is a highly versatile semiconductor with unique electronic and optical properties that seem to outperform the photocatalytic properties of metal oxides and metal nanoparticles. For ages, researchers are reaping the benefits of its photocatalytic properties in numerous reactions. However, the high charge recombination rates, poor compositional stability, and a smaller number of Read More

Colorimetric sensors are attracting considerable interest across diverse fields owing to their ease of use, cost-effectiveness, and rapidity. Within this realm, Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) stands out as a favorable method for designing colorimetric sensing techniques. Sensors based on LSPR control the plasmonic characteristics of metallic Nanoparticles (NPs) to produce a noticeable alteration in color when a t Read More

Due to the biological importance of amino acids, the development of optical probes for these compounds has become a popular research topic in recent years. The amino acid fluorescence or colorimetric sensors are organized according to the reactions the amino acids go through and the related structural classification. Works on reaction-based chemosensors are categorized as either imine formation, Michael addition, thi Read More

One of the most popular sectors in the tech and healthcare industries right now is artificial intelligence. In the search and development of new drugs, artificial intelligence is essential. Drug design using computer-assisted design (CADD) has supplanted the traditional approach. Artificial intelligence is assisting businesses in the development of new drugs in a faster, more affordable, and more efficient manner, saving mo Read More

AimDespite the recent development of chromatographic and fluorogenic anions sensors, the hydrolysis of carbon dioxide into carbonic acid and subsequent transformation into carbonates and bicarbonate are harmful to the environment and the health of living creatures. This is why luminescence-based detection techniques are getting a lot of interest right now.BackgroundDespite the recent intention to create a nap Read More

The idea of designing novel anti-amyloid therapeutic agents has generated a lot of scientific interest and the potential for treating a variety of human pathophysiologies, such as neurodegenerative and non-neuropathic diseases linked to amyloid protein aggregation. To address this, different small molecules, peptides, surfactants, nanomaterials, etc., have been thoroughly investigated to learn more about their anti-a Read More

Targeted gene and drug delivery vector developments have completely changed the therapeutic intervention by providing previously unheard-of levels of accuracy and efficacy in treating various illnesses. Cancer is one such fatal disease plaguing people across the globe. This review article highlights the potential uses of targeted delivery systems in the field of cancer treatment while providing a thorough examination of the Read More

BackgroundUrinary tract infection by Aspergillus species is an uncommon but potentially serious complication in post-menopausal women, often associated with recurrent UTIs or immunocompromise.Case PresentationWe present a case of a deceased 67-year-old female with complaints of fever, abdominal pain, diabetes, hypertension, pain and burning during urination admitted to hospital. Microscopic examination confirm Read More

The COVID-19 emergency built pressure on US regulatory bodies to unlock the optional and short pathway of approval for urgently required pharmaceuticals to accomplish population demand for medicinal products within the shortest possible time to limit the suffering and deaths associated with insufficiency of medicinal products in need. During the pandemic, many medicinal products got emergency use authoriz Read More

Over the past few centuries, life-saving tools have been extensively used across the globe. The use of medical devices has increased adverse events associated with them. Materiovigilance is the process of identifying, collecting, reporting, and examining unfavorable events connected to medical devices in order to prevent the recurrence of such occurrences. Several countries keep an eye on medical products once they Read More

IntroductionBreast cancer holds the distinction of being the most frequent type of cancer among women when compared to other forms of cancer. Estrogen Receptors (ER) are intracellular transcription factors that are essential for a variety of biological functions that are regulated by estrogen in the body. With its ability to modulate gene expression, Estrogen Receptors exert significant influence over cell growth, development, r Read More

BackgroundThe creation and development of novel chemical entities is made possible by numerous computer-aided drug design techniques. The ability to visualize the ligand-target interaction and forecast the important holding pocket locations and affinities of ligands to their intended macromolecules is made possible by pharmacophore-based drug design and understanding in-silico methodologies.ObjectiveThe aim of Read More

Tezepelumab is a first-in-class human IgG2λ monoclonal antibody used to treat severe, uncontrolled asthma. Tezepelumab acts by hindering the action of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), an epithelial-derived cytokine that triggers an immunological response by binding to TSLP and thereby preventing its binding with the TSLP receptor complex. TSLP has a critical role in Th2 immunity and plays an important role in th Read More

AimThis report discusses two medicinal plants, namely Exallage auricularia (L.) Bremek from Rubiaceae family and Gomphostemma ovatum Wall from Lamiaceae family from Ultapani Reserve Forest of Bodoland Territorial Region (BTR) of Assam, India, are recorded, described, and identified based on their morphological characters, taxonomical notes, phenology, and field photos along with map of distribution.MethodsThe loc Read More

At present, there is a growing interest among researchers in studying the structure and function of the bee brain in relation to their cognitive behavior. The bee brain, despite its small size of approximately 1 million neurons, is known for its ability to facilitate effective communication and collaboration. Just like humans, the bee brain is also controlled by biogenic amines like dopamine, serotonin and tyramine, octopamine, Read More

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a compounded, persistent illness symbolized by an increased range of glucose levels in the blood caused by cellular resistance to insulin action, insufficient insulin production by pancreatic -cells, or both. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), the extremely widespread form of DM, is recorded for almost 85-90% of worldwide cases. T2DM is mostly common in middle-aged and older people, and its cause Read More

The pharmaceutical industry is witnessing a growing demand for complex generic products, which are generic versions of drugs that possess complex formulations, delivery systems, or active ingredients. However, the approval process for these complex generic products poses unique challenges compared to traditional generics. There is no specific regulatory procedure available for the approval of complex generics, u Read More

The nutritional and therapeutic potential of medicinal plants is constantly being investigated. This is especially relevant in today's world, where an increasing number of people are turning to complementary and alternative therapies to address their health-related concerns. Traditional knowledge, as a valuable resource, plays a crucial role in the development of new herbal medicines. Abroma augusta stands out as one Read More

AimThis review has examined and organized the available research on dementia medication care costs. Although the accessible database in this area is growing and is still quite limited, there are many clear scientific methods.ObjectiveThe use of Memantine, a non-competitive antagonist with low to moderate affinity for the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor, has been approved for the treatment of mild to moderately sev Read More

The cellular and biochemical stages of the wound-healing process are interrelated and work to repair the wound. The body heals wounds in stages, and each stage that is postponed raises the risk of microbial infection. The time needed for healing can be sped up, and unwanted events can be reduced to improve wound healing. To aid in the healing of the wounds, the medications are administered locally or systemically. In orde Read More

BackgroundComputers play a vital role in people's lives because of their great precision, speed, and accuracy, as well as their ability to provide timely updates. A cascade of ocular and extraocular symptoms in computers or electronics leads to Computer Vision Syndrome. Ergonomics is the science of fitting job demands and workplace environments to the capabilities of the population. The use of a computer increases the ris Read More