New Emirates Medical Journal - Volume 5, Issue 1, 2024

Background The study investigated the impact of incorporating fruits or fruit juices into the diets of prediabetic individuals to mitigate oxidative stress. Previous research presented divergent approaches, making replication of findings challenging. This study aimed to evaluate whether advising the consumption of two low-calorie fruits daily could improve oxidative stress, glycemic control, and anthropometric measurem Read More

Background The global impact of COVID-19 resulted in widespread illness and death. The rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2, accompanied by increased transmission caused by Variants of Concern (VOC), became a significant concern in the post-pandemic. Objectives This study has been conducted to evaluate the performance of multiplexed real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assays for COVID-19 detection and the use of Read More

Introduction This study examines the factors contributing to the shortage of medical doctors teaching medical students despite their crucial role in training the future medical workforce. Methods To analyze the factors behind the lack of medical doctors in the training of medical students, we used ‘phenomenology’ to understand clinical educators' lived experiences and their constructed meanings. Within the domain of pheno Read More

Background Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic drug for treating bipolar disorders and Schizophrenia. Regardless of being used as a common antipsychotic drug, there are reports of hepatic abnormalities caused by using Olanzapine. Silymarin and Vitamin C have been shown to have hepatoprotective effects. Objective The purpose of the present study was to study the hepatotoxic effects of Olanzapine and the hepato Read More

Background Cardiomyopathies are a broad range of cardiac illnesses defined by mechanical and/or electrical dysfunction and abnormal ventricular hypertrophy or dilatation. Cardiomyopathies are classified into two categories: either primarily related to myocardial disease or secondary to other systemic or organ disorders, including the thyroid gland. Thyroid hormones have been linked to a wide range of significant effects on the Read More

Objectives The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) program is a multidisciplinary approach aimed at minimizing postoperative complications, shortening hospital stays, and improving clinical outcomes. The current study assesses the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of nurses and anesthesia technicians regarding the ERAS program, which is essential for evaluating their understanding and readiness to implement th Read More

Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the most prevalent chronic bacterial infection in humans. Limited research has been conducted both internationally and locally to evaluate the general community’s collective understanding of H. pylori infection, its diagnosis, and its management. Objective This study aims to evaluate the level of understanding of H. pylori infection, its diagnosis, and management among the genera Read More

Background Intestinal malrotation in adults is more common in chronic, insidious patterns, reported to be around 88% in the literature, with features ranging from intermittent abdominal pain and vomiting to food intolerance, malabsorption, and motility disorders. This clinical spectrum can be debilitating for the patient in terms of morbidity and mortality, especially in the context of acute presentation in the background Read More

In the global vision to deliver effective medical education to the current and future cohorts of medical students, there is an immense need to plan and implement measures to ensure continuous improvement. The purpose of the current article is to explore the scope of game-based assessments in medical education and propose a step-wise plan to integrate game-based assessments into the medical curriculum. The Read More

Background This study focuses on the mental health and resilience of migrant students at RAK Medical and Health Sciences University (RAKMHSU) in the UAE, who often face unique challenges such as cultural adjustment, language barriers, and separation from family and friends. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the resilience levels of RAKMHSU's migrant students, identify their challenges, and provide evidence-based Read More

This literature review explores the correlation between atrial fibrillation (AF) and the gut microbiome by elucidating its significance in cardiovascular health. AF stands as a prevalent cardiac arrhythmia associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. The gut microbiome, a complex ecosystem of microorganisms inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract, plays a crucial role in systemic health through its influence o Read More

AimTo evaluate the suitability of commercially available glucometers in the UAE in terms of accurate and reliable blood glucose measurements.BackgroundPortable glucometers are employed for measuring blood glucose levels, offering distinct advantages such as providing instant results and being user-friendly when compared to laboratory reference analyzers. However, certain molecules, such as those fou Read More

BackgroundMobile health interventions showcase effectiveness for improving treatment adherence among Latent TB Infection (LTBI) patients. However, there is a paucity of evidence regarding their acceptability and usability. This study aimed to assess the initial acceptability and usability of a mobile health application that has been designed to ensure treatment adherence in LTBI patients.MethodsA descriptive study was con Read More

BackgroundA significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, hypertension, affects more than a billion people globally. Numerous non-pharmacological methods work well to lower blood pressure. The objective of this study was to assess the short-term effect of green tea supplementation on blood pressure among people with hypertension.MethodsThis community-based randomized controlled trial was co Read More

BackgroundThe coverage of immunization amongst adults in India remains low; a lack of nationally endorsed guidelines and implementation policies is a contributing factor. There is a paucity of tools available to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) regarding adult immunization. Hence, we attempted to develop a KAP questionnaire to evaluate the existing expertise regarding adult immunization am Read More

The gut microbiome plays a pivotal role in human health, influencing various physiological processes and overall well-being. Firstly, we explore dietary components such as prebiotics, probiotics, and fermented foods, which can modulate the composition and diversity of gut microbiota, thereby promoting a balanced microbial community. Additionally, lifestyle factors including exercise, stress management, and sleep patt Read More

Background This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ameliorated insulin injection site rotation on the incidence of Lipohypertrophy (LH) and glycemic control in patients with diabetes. Methods A quasi-experimental design involving a pretest-posttest with a control group was utilized at the medical outpatients’ clinic of Sohag University Hospital. The participants were divided into two groups (30 in the study group and 30 in th Read More

IntroductionOverweight and obesity are growing problems worldwide, along with a decrease in physical activity. This trend is also seen in the United Arab Emirates, including insufficient exercise among university students. This study aimed to evaluate the physical activity level, weight categories, and fat distribution among female college students and determine the correlations and associations between these factors and demogr Read More

Neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by the progressive degeneration of neurons, represent a significant and growing global health concern. Despite extensive research, the underlying molecular mechanisms driving these conditions remain elusive. Enzyme dysregulation has emerged as a pivotal player in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases. Read More

BackgroundNormal circadian blood pressure response includes a nocturnal fall in BP by 10 to 20% of the average daytime BP. Many diseases, including diabetes mellitus, alter these normal circadian BP changes. DM, through its long-term microvascular and macrovascular complications, such as autonomic neuropathy, affects BP dipping patterns by decreasing dipping (non-dipper), exaggerating dipping (nocturnal hypoten Read More

This review paper aims to investigate the therapeutic benefits of pemirolast across different medical conditions, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, cancer, conjunctivitis, etc. The prevalence of allergic conditions has risen in recent decades, primarily attributed to environmental factors. This paper explores the role of pemirolast in managing and mitigating these diseases, shedding light on its potential applications in the conte Read More

Malaria is a life-threatening disease spread via female Anopheles mosquitoes. Assortments of factors are causing the trouble i.e., (i) fierce opposition posed by the plasmodium life cycle and intracellular localization for pathogens in hepatocytes and erythrocytes; (ii) The decisive physical and chemical properties among most antimalarial drugs, that exhibit an amphiphilic property allowing them to be widely circulated in an Read More

ObjectiveAn adverse drug reaction is defined as “an appreciably harmful or unpleasant reaction, resulting from an intervention related to the use of a medicinal product, which warrants prevention or specific treatment, alteration of the dosage regimen, or withdrawal of the product, as it predicts hazard from future administration.”MethodologyCurrently used to report such responses, the International Classification of Dise Read More

ObjectiveThe study sought to quantify the frequency and categorize the types of prescribing errors occurring in outpatient settings while evaluating the efficacy of pharmacist interventions in mitigating such errors.MethodologyThis study was a cross-sectional, retrospective interventional study conducted over a one-year period from September 1, 2017, to August 31, 2018, at the outpatient departments of one government and Read More

BackgroundType 2 diabetes is a heterogeneous disease characterized by high blood glucose levels. Its prevalence is increasing as a result of lifestyle, related genes expression, and insufficient insulin signaling. The activation or inhibition of some proteins in the insulin signaling pathway play a vital role in glucose uptake into the cells and in maintaining serum glucose homeostasis. Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), 3-phos Read More

Cancer remains one of the most prevalent diseases, with a high mortality rate, despite advancements in technology and science. Patients diagnosed with cancer typically undergo a traumatic experience, enduring both mental anguish and physical exhaustion. Psychosocial distress is common among cancer patients and can have a detrimental effect on their overall quality of life. Therefore, it is crucial for oncology he Read More

This paper describes an innovative tool for formative assessment. This involves designing and implementing a Virtual Escape Room for students of Master’s in Health Professions Education (MHPE) at Gulf Medical University. Escape Room is a type of game-based education where players are constrained in a room, and they must solve a series of interconnected challenges in the form of puzzles or riddles to escape the room. E Read More

IntroductionValvular heart diseases are some of the most common causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. The mitral valve is estimated to be the cause of 15% of deaths in heart valve disease. Mitral valve dysfunction can be treated with a variety of operative options, one of which is mitral valve replacement. Although it is less desirable than repair, in some situations, it is the only viable option. Thus, we con Read More

BackgroundA lack of proper anti-malarial medication use can lead to drug resistance, failed therapy, and even death. It is unclear how widespread the use of fake anti-malarial medications is in India. Better malaria treatment and the execution of regulatory initiatives to improve anti-malarial drug quality necessitate regional research into the quality of available anti-malarial pharmaceuticals. This study aimed to look into the q Read More

The scope of online assessment in the field of medical education is extensive and varied, encompassing a wide range of types of assessments and purposes. For the assessment of the cognitive domain, online assessment can be carried out with the help of a number of assessment methods. As is the case with any potential tool, even online assessments have their share of limitations, and we must be aware of this as it can help u Read More

BackgroundThe normal anatomy of the coronary arteries consists of the right coronary artery and the left main coronary artery, which originate from the right and left sinuses of Valsalva in the aortic root separately. In general, congenital anomalies of the coronary artery are uncommon in adults. The ectopic origin of a coronary artery from the pulmonary trunk is part of a group of infrequent coronary artery anomalies. The Read More

BackgroundIdentifying the preferred learning modalities of students is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of the content of the study, and this can be achieved by employing the VARK inventory developed by Neil D. Fleming. The preferred learning modality of students significantly influences their learning outcomes.AimThis study aimed to identify the preferred learning modalities among health professional student Read More

BackgroundNowadays, the resistance to available antibiotics could be mentioned as a global threat to public health. The aim of this preliminary study was to conduct a retrospective survey associated with the prevalence of Nosocomial Infections (NIs) and the pattern of microbial resistance in a tertiary care referral hospital (Alzahra), Isfahan, Iran.MethodsThe data between the years 2016 to 2022 were extracted from the off Read More

BackgroundSickle cell anemia (SCA) poses significant metabolic challenges in affected individuals, yet the relationship between resting metabolic rate (RMR) and disease severity remains underexplored, particularly in Sudanese pediatric populations.AimThe aim of this study is to investigate the RMR and its correlation with disease severity scores and treatment with hydroxyurea in Sudanese patients with sickle cell disease.Materi Read More

IntroductionNon-resolving pneumonia after antibiotic treatment is encountered on quite a few occasions in clinical practice and is estimated to account for approximately 15 percent of inpatient pulmonary consultations and 8 percent of bronchoscopies. This is more frequently seen in intensive care/ ventilated patient-associated pneumonia compared to community-acquired pneumonia. Treatment failures are mostly d Read More

BackgroundIn the year 2009, Remdesivir or Veklury was discovered by Gilead Sciences for the management of hepatitis C, Ebola and Marburg virus disease through injection into a vein and then a few years later, 22nd Oct 2020 (United States), the drug was recommended for the management of COVID-19 under a provisional guideline.ObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review was to address pharmacotherapy approaches ass Read More

BackgroundAlthough most cases of choriocarcinoma are of gestational origin, rare cases of extrauterine origin (such as pulmonary) have been reported, which have a poor prognosis.Case PresentationWe present one such rare case involving a 35-year-old female patient who initially presented to the emergency department with hemothorax and was found to have primary lung choriocarcinoma after multiple biopsies. Read More

BackgroundDermatoglyphics is the study of dermal ridge configuration on the skin of the fingers and palms, which can be used to diagnose chromosomal disorders and individual identification. Stress is characterized by feeling overwhelmed with mental or emotional pressure and evokes a biological response when any intrinsic or extrinsic stimulus is applied. Stress can cause acute effects and disorders that can trigger str Read More

BackgroundThe association between visceral obesity and insulin resistance establishes an alternative risk for the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The infiltration of macrophages in the visceral fatty tissue and the unreliable generation of adipokines are associated with mechanisms directing the progress of insulin resistance.ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to observe the relationship between visceral fat-associated adi Read More

BackgroundIt is known that attitudes towards the elderly are an important variable affecting healthcare services. Considering the increasing trends of the population over 65 years in countries, it is important to determine the attitudes of future healthcare workers towards the elderly and to prepare them to serve in the health sector with activities that will lead to positive changes. In this direction, it is important to determine t Read More

The main reason for liver-related death globally is reported as cancer which results in most patients with cirrhosis, therefore in this article, we discuss the epidemiology of liver diseases and liver cancer in the world.Ongoing review article efforts to address updated knowledge of study topics worldwide. Information on the prevalence and mortality of liver disease were extracted from Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and Coc Read More

BackgroundThe relationship between ECG changes in dilated nonischemic cardiomyopathy and ejection fraction (EF) is complex and poorly understood. Thus, this study aimed to identify the most common patterns of ECG associated with dilated nonischemic cardiomyopathy and their relationship to EF.MethodsA retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted between 2019 and 2022, including 100 consecutive patie Read More

ObjectiveAcceptance of COVID-19 vaccination of medical personnel reduces the spread of infection the research aimed to evaluate healthcare professionals' attitudes toward vaccination by the health belief model.MethodsA quantitative, cross-sectional research design was used for the study.ResultsMost medical personnel agreed to get the COVID-19 vaccination (84%; n=384). Medical workers over 45 (90%) showed mor Read More

AimThe study investigated the relationship between Determining the Factors Related to Maternal-Fetal Attachment in Pregnant Mothers with Maternal-Fetal Attachment.BackgroundDemographic policies in Iran emphasize population, fertility, and maternal health. Maternal-fetal attachment (MFA) is a term used to describe conditions that help the mother cope with the physiological changes during pregnancy. MFA contributes Read More

Aortic aneurysms are common in adults due to atherosclerosis but are rare in children and young adults, often overlooked due to infrequent reporting. Acquired aneurysms are usually linked to factors like umbilical artery ligation, connective tissue diseases, or vasculitides. In contrast, the causes of congenital abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) remain unknown due to their extreme rarity. Only a few cases have been report Read More

IntroductionAphasia, also known as language impairment, is a condition that affects the ability to express and understand language, as well as the ability to communicate. Crossed Aphasia in Dextral (CAD) is defined as aphasia after a right hemispheric stroke. Usually, aphasia is caused by a left-sided stroke in right-handed individuals. The prevalence of crossed aphasia in right-handed individuals is 0.38% to 3%. CAD is diagnosed Read More

IntroductionThe WHO Emergency Committee advocates preventive strategies for COVID-19 management, emphasising vaccines as highly effective but acknowledging their limitations. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, initially effective against COVID-19, were discontinued due to severe side effects. Further clinical trials are imperative to establish the safety and efficacy of new antiviral agents, some of which may have harmfu Read More

The significance of empathy in the realm of medical education cannot be undermined, as once a student embarks on their journey to serve and heal mankind, cultivating empathetic skills becomes an indispensable part of their training. Empathy plays a significant role in healthcare delivery in the domains of patient outcomes and doctor-patient relationships. This article provides a brief review of empathy education and assess Read More

A degenerative brain ailment called Huntington's disease (HTD) causes irritable behavior, emotional distress, cognition, etc. It is also known as Huntington's chorea. Compared to men, women are more likely to get HTD. However, in India, if 3 to 5% of Europeans are affected, it is difficult to estimate the disease's prevalence. The full pathophysiological status, several molecular pathways, and pharmaceutical and non-pharma Read More

BackgroundVancomycin, used to treat severe gram-positive infections, can induce acute kidney injury. Some evidence introduced Interleukin-18 (IL-18) as an inflammatory mediator of ischemic damage to many organs and urinary IL-18 as a diagnostic biomarker of acute tubular necrosis.ObjectiveThe current study aimed to evaluate the urinary level of IL-18 after vancomycin therapy.MethodsThis cross-sectional s Read More