Current Organic Chemistry - Volume 22, Issue 24, 2018

As multi-component reactions have been among the most important and advantageous methodologies in organic chemistry since 150 years ago, the present review focuses on one-pot multi-component reactions containing amines and carbon disulfide as constant starting materials along with other essential substances to afford the corresponding nitrogen- and sulfur-containing products in demand such as thiazolidine-2-thiones, 2- imino-1,3-dithiolanes, 2-substituted benzothiazoles, 1,3-thiazine-2-thiones, dithiocarbamate derivatives, and thioureas through green methodologies. This synthetic field has been widely studied throughout the last two decades to achieve such biologically active structures. The progress orientation of these reports towards green chemistry principles is reviewed from 2000 to December 2017.

Sesterterpenes form a small group of terpenoids that are mainly present in the marine world although they are also produced by terrestrial organisms such as fungi, and in minor extent higher plants, lichens and insects. Sesterterpenes are diverse and these compounds display significant biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, anticancer, antimicrobial, antitubercular, and anti-biofilm. This review presents the sesterterpenoid compounds identified from marine sources between 2013 and 2017. Structures are grouped as scalaranes, linear sesterterpenes and other sesterterpenes. Natural sources and reported biological activities are summarized in a table format.

In the synthesis of new ligands for metal-catalyzed reactions, arsines are attracting particular attention, because arsine ligands have been shown to be better ligands than structurally related phosphines in several catalyzed reactions. However, the synthesis and applications of arsine ligands is not widely extended in the literature. One of the main barriers to develop new arsine ligands is found in the synthetic methodologies to obtain arsine compounds. Therefore, to expand the applications of arsine ligands it is necessary to develop new synthetic strategies. To improve the classic arsination reactions metalcatalyzed C-As bond formation reactions appears to be a promising approach. This article highlights the palladium-catalyzed arsination reactions, providing the synthetic approaches used to obtain arsines. In addition, the few described examples of other metalcatalyzed arsination reactions are included. The synthesis of structurally diverse arsine ligands by catalyzed arsination reactions is summarized, as well as the most relevant issues of their applications in homogeneous catalysis.

Two novel thermally stable and insensitive 3,6-dinitropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyrazolebased energetic compounds, namely 1,4-bis(2',4',6'-trinitrophenyl)-dinitro[4,3-c]pyrazole (DTNBDNP) and 1,4-bis(2',4'-dinitrophenyl)-3,6-dinitro[4,3-c]pyrazole (DDNBDNP) were firstly reported. DTNBDNP and DDNBDNP were synthesized via the condensation reaction and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, as well as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). DTNBDNP and DDNBDNP decompose exothermically at 407.5 ºC and 372.5 ºC, respectively. Based on the densities and calculated heats of formation, the detonation properties were carried out using Gaussian 09 program and Kamlet-Jacobs equations, which were comparable with those of commonly thermally stable energetic materials, such as HNS and TATB. Results showed that polynitro-aromatic substituted 3,6-dinitropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyrazole-based materials had the potential to be useful as new heat-resistant energetic compounds.

A series of new ester-substituted alkoxysilanes has been prepared. These bifunctional silanes were gently synthesized via hydrosilylation of carbon-carbon double bond of commercially available unsaturated esters in the presence of Karstedt's catalyst. All products were isolated and fully characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopy. The synthesized derivatives can be further applied to obtain the siloxane network on the silica surface.