Current Pharmaceutical Design - Volume 23, Issue 39, 2017

MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs with regulatory biological activity, by modulating target genes on epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transciptional and translational levels. Hundreds of reports indicated that miRNAs play important roles in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Actually, microRNAs are both regulation targets and regulators targeting effector genes. This article reviewed multifaceted role of micro Read More

Lung cancer is considered the leading cause of cancer death in the word. Among all lung cancer cases, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85%. Currently, chemotherapy is still the major therapeutic method of lung cancer. However, chemoresistance is a serious obstacle in treating NSCLC. Up to now, many reports have suggested that microRNAs(miRNAs) could contribute to lung cancer cell chemosensitivity. Read More

Background: miRNA, a small non-coding RNA molecule containing about 22 nucleotides, functions in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. With these qualities, miRNAs modulate multiple signaling pathways involved in cancer development, such as cellular proliferation, apoptosis, and migration. Methods: The goal of this review is to discuss possible miRNAs-based therapeutic strategies, thro Read More

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs, which downregulate gene expression by repressing or degrading mRNA targets. Lung cancer (LC), together with liver and colorectal cancers are the three leading causes of cancer death worldwide, and 80% of LCs belong to non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). Despite a great advancement in developing distinct and delicate tools for early diagnosis and targeted therapies over Read More

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. Although advanced therapies have been applied for the treatment of lung cancer, the prolongation of overall survival is limited due to treatment resistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding, endogenous RNA molecules (about 19-23 nucleotides in length), which could regulate numerous human genes and play key roles in a variety of disea Read More

Polymeric drug delivery systems in the form of nanocarriers are the most interesting vehicles in anticancer therapy. Among different types of biocompatible polymers, carbohydrate-based polymers or polysaccharides are the most common natural polymers with complex structures consisting of long chains of monosaccharide or disaccharide units bound by glycosidic linkages. Their appealing properties such as avail Read More

Background: The recent regulatory approvals of immune checkpoint protein inhibitors, such as ipilimumab, pembrolizumab, nivolumab, atezolizumab, durvalumab, and avelumab ushered a new era in cancer therapy. These inhibitors do not attack tumor cells directly but instead mobilize the immune system to re-recognize and eradicate tumors, which endows them with unique advantages including durable clinic Read More

Early life stress is considered a risk factor for the development of many diseases in both adolescence and adulthood. It has been reported that chronic stress (for instance, due to maternal separation during breast feeding), causes damage to the central nervous system at the level of neurons and glial cells, which are reflected in behavioral disturbances and susceptibility to the development of primarily emotional psyc Read More

Obesity is damaging the lives of more than 300 million people worldwide and maintaining a healthy weight using popular weight loss tactics remains a very difficult undertaking. Managing the obesity problem seems within reach, as better understanding develops, of the function of our genome in drug/nutrient responses. Strategies indicated by this understanding of nutriepigenomics and neurogenetics in the treatment and prevent Read More

In this work, we explored the protective effect of DT-018, a danshensu and tetramethylpyrazine conjugate, on mitochondrial injury induced by tert-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP) and its possible mechanisms of action. DT-018 effectively quenched intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), preserved the mitochondrial function, restored the intracellular level of ATP and augmented mitochondrial membrane po Read More

Background: Low back pain is a common problem, mainly caused by intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). An important pathophysiological characteristic of IDD is the loss of homeostatic balance of the extracellular matrix metabolism. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is one of the inflammatory mediators stimulating the degradation of extracellular matrix in the nucleus pulposus (NP) and contributing to IDD pathogenesis. Icariin, Read More

Background: Repeated administrations of insulin injection on daily basis evoke pain and numerous complications with adverse effects on the diabetic patients' life quality. Moreover, wearing insulin pump is also associated with several problems of diabetic ketoacidosis, catheter site infection, contact dermatitis and high cost. Method: We have developed an in situ gel system, consisting of insulin-loaded liposomes disp Read More

Background: All stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are associated with increased risks of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. According to studies, levels of copeptin, growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) and heart fatty-acid binding protein (h-FABP) are increased in dialysis patients. Materials: This study included 50 patients (19 women, 31 men) chronically undergoing haemodialysis. The Read More