Current Pharmaceutical Design - Volume 23, Issue 15, 2017

Background: Besides the well-documented biochemical and electrophysiological effects, the mechanical stimuli also have prominent roles in the initiation and development of brain diseases but yet have been underestimated. To explore the role of mechanical stimuli and the followed mechanical-biochemical effects in the brain diseases. Method: In this review, we discussed the initiation and effect of mechanical stimuli Read More

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage is one of the most common injuries in vehicle accidents. The aim of this paper is to survey the injury mechanism of intracerebral hemorrhage in vehicle accidents, including contusion, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), subdural hematoma (SDH) and diffuse axonal injury (DAI). Methods: A condensed overview is given based on the published studies in biomechanical studies on intracere Read More

Background: Spontaneous non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has a worse prognosis than ischemic stroke. The purpose of this review was to update the reader on epidemiology, prognosis and secondary prevention strategies of ICH. Methods: We performed a selected review from the literature including recent original articles and meta-analyses. Results: ICH has an overall incidence of 24.6 per 100.000 patient year Read More

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a common type of stroke associated with high mortality and morbidity. Recent randomized controlled trials could not prove that the current strategies are effective at improving the final outcome of the ICH patients. Methods: Here we want to explore potential intervention targets for ICH based on the framework of the vascular neural network (VNN). In this review, a brief his Read More

Background: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the poorest prognosis of all stroke subtypes with a high mortality and morbidity. Although considerable progress has been made, no intervention is currently available to alter the outcome of patients with ICH, suggesting a new concept directing ICH study is urgently needed. Methods: Most ICH occurs in the deep area of the brain, the basal ganglion, whose blood Read More

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the most common forms of cerebral hemorrhage, the morbidity and death of ICH is high worldwide. ICH can be spontaneous or caused by hypertension, coagulopathy, angiopathy, head trauma, bleeding disorders, tumors, or drug usage. ICH is the most serious and least treatable form of hemorrhagic stroke, with rapidly increasing hematoma size and often resulting in sig Read More

Background: Injury to cells adjacent to an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is likely mediated at least in part by toxins released from the hematoma that initiate complex and interacting injury cascades. Pharmacotherapies targeting a single toxin or pathway, even if consistently effective in controlled experimental models, have a high likelihood of failure in a variable clinical setting. Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 Read More

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most lethal subtype of stroke, a leading cause of death and disability in developed countries. Therapeutic options are notably limited. There is no specific pharmacological treatment, and early surgery has few indications that represent only a small clinically relevant survival advantage. It is therefore mandatory to investigate repairing processes after ICH in order to develop rel Read More

Background: Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs)-based treatment is a potential therapeutic approach for stroke. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been recently verified as promoters or suppressors in the regulation of NSPCs. However, the underlying mechanisms regulating cell biological behaviors of NSPCs remain largely unknown. Methods: we retrieved papers focusing on potential roles and mechanisms of miRNAs in the regulatio Read More

Background: Stroke remains the second commonest cause of death and leading cause of adult disability worldwide. Ischemic events account for nearly 85% of all strokes, and hemorrhages account for nearly 15%. Stroke intervention and recovery have been identified as the important factors in the functional outcome of patients with completed stroke. However, the only FDA approved treatment for ischemic strokes is tissue pl Read More

Cutaneous scars (particularly hypertrophic and keloid scars), not only can cause adverse cosmetic problems, but also can be associated with emotional distress such as anxiety and depression. Comparing with other surgical treatments, patients who do not opt for or cannot opt for invasion therapies are more eligible for using the topical anti-scarring agents. In this mini-review, we have researched for and collected the data Read More

In the present study, nineteen new fluoro-benzimidazole derivatives, including nifuroxazide analogs, were synthesized by microwave-supported reactions and tested against a panel of pathogenic microorganisms consisting of resistant strains. The synthesized compounds were characterized and identified by FT-IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR, mass spectroscopy, and elemental analyses, respectively. In vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic Read More