Current Medical Imaging - Volume 20, Issue 1, 2024

Background Abdominal multi-slice helical computed tomography (CT) and contrast-enhanced scanning have been widely recognized clinically. Objective The impact of the deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) on the quality of dynamic contrast-enhanced CT imaging of primary liver cancer lesions was evaluated through comparison with the filtered back projection (FBP) and the new generation of adaptive statistical it Read More

ObjectivesTo investigate CT, MRI, and PET/CT features with histopathological findings of primary thymic neuroendocrine tumor.Materials and MethodsAll 9 cases with pathologically proven primary thymic neuroendocrine tumors were reviewed retrospectively. Among them, 7 underwent enhanced CT, 1 with MRI (enhanced) and another with PET/CT scan. Multiple characters were examined, including tumor location, conto Read More

Objective With the rapid development in computed tomography (CT), the establishment of artificial intelligence (AI) technology and improved awareness of health in folks in the decades, it becomes easier to detect and predict pulmonary nodules with high accuracy. The accurate identification of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules has been challenging for radiologists and clinicians. Therefore, this study appli Read More

Aim:This study aims to assess the accuracy of computed tomography (CT) in detecting recurrent laryngeal tumors after failed chemoradiation therapy (CRT).Background:Local recurrence of laryngeal tumors following CRT has been reported in approximately 25%, yet it is often difficult to detect.Methods:Ten patients with laryngeal cancer who failed CRT and subsequently underwent salvage total laryngectomy were include Read More

Introduction:Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a relatively rare immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disease with fibrosis newly defined in recent years. It can involve multiple systems and organs with complex clinical manifestations. Due to mass-like lesions, it is easily misdiagnosed as tumors.Case Report:Herein, we report a 57-year-old woman treated for submandibular mass and anosmia. The serum Read More

Objective The accurate diagnosis of superficial lymphadenopathy is challenging. We aim to explore a non-invasive and accurate machine-learning method for distinguishing benign lymph nodes, lymphoma, and metastatic lymph nodes. Methods The clinical data and ultrasound images of 160 patients with superficial lymphadenopathy (58 benign lymph nodes, 62 lymphoma, 40 metastatic lymph nodes) admitted to our hospital Read More

Background Medical image registration plays an important role in several applications. Existing approaches using unsupervised learning encounter issues due to the data imbalance problem, as their target is usually a continuous variable. Objective In this study, we introduce a novel approach known as Unsupervised Imbalanced Registration, to address the challenge of data imbalance and prevent overconfidence while increasi Read More

Background Glaucoma is a significant cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, with symptoms often going undetected until the patient's visual field starts shrinking. Objetive To develop an AI-based glaucoma detection method to reduce glaucoma-related blindness and offer more precise diagnosis. Methods Discusses various methods and technologies, including Heidelberg Retinal Tomography (HRT), Optical Coherence To Read More

Background Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly evolving in healthcare, with transformative potential. AI revolutionizes medical imaging by enabling online self-diagnosis for patients and improving diagnostic accuracy for healthcare professionals. While valuable datasets aid machine learning in disease detection, challenges persist in diagnosing similar lung conditions from chest X-rays. Integrating AI into healthcare holds promis Read More

Background:Colon cancer with liver metastasis is a common occurrence in clinical practice. The presence of liver metastasis has a significant impact on the treatment strategy of patients, so the first step is to diagnose whether it is liver metastasis. Imaging is one of the auxiliary methods for diagnosing liver metastases, but due to the presence of different diseases with the same shadow, we need to be cautious when usin Read More

Background Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC), an exceedingly malignant neoplasm, often eludes early detection, culminating in a dire prognosis. Accurate cancer staging systems and pathological differentiation are designed to guide adjuvant interventions and predict postoperative prognoses. Objective This study sought to investigate the predictive capacity of DW-MRI in discerning T stages, lymph node metastasis, Read More

Introduction Artificial intelligence (AI) in medical imaging rapidly expands regarding image processing and interpretation. Therefore, the aim was to explore radiographers’ and radiologists’ perceptions and attitudes towards AI use in medical imaging technologies in Saudi Arabia. Methods The survey was distributed online, and responses were collected from 173 participants nationwide. Data analysis was performed using SPSS Read More

Background The classification of Congenital Uterine Malformations (CONUTA) relies on coronal imaging of the uterus using 3D TVUS and MRI. In everyday practice, radiologists and gynaecologists often struggle to confidently categorize CONUTA due to varying classification systems and the lack of worldwide consensus. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic concordance and discrepancies between t Read More

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension (HT) are the two most common underlying diseases worldwide, and they often coexist. The long-term existence of both may lead to left ventricular dysfunction. Therefore, evaluating the cardiac function of T2DM patients with HT is vital to guide treatment and improve prognosis. Left ventricular pressure strain loops (LVPSL) combine left ventricular strain and af Read More

Background:The most difficult aspect of diagnosing lung cancer is early diagnosis. According to the American Cancer Society, each year, there are around 11 million newly diagnosed instances of cancer worldwide. Radiologists often turn to Computed Tomography (CT) scans to diagnose respiratory conditions, which can reveal if lung tissue remains normal or abnormal. However, there is an increased chance of inaccurac Read More

Background:Lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA) surgery is an effective treatment for lymphedema. Accurate evaluation and localization of the superficial lymphatic vessels before the operation is crucial for the success of the operation. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a new ultrasound technology, and its clinical application value in LVA surgery has not been established.Objective:This study aimed to assess the Read More

Background:Recurrence of uterine cervical cancer is common and often shows a dismal prognosis. Local recurrence usually manifests as solid soft tissue lesions and has rarely been reported to have cystic lesions.Case Presentation:Herein, we report a case of recurrent uterine cervical cancer with initial manifestation as a hemorrhagic cyst, assessed using strain sonoelastography, CT, and MRI.Conclusion:Although cystic recurre Read More

Objective:To explore the development of a mind map-based predictive nursing protocol and assess its impact on the quality of images in patients undergoing high-concentration contrast three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) imaging of liver blood vessels.Methods:A total of 600 patients who were admitted to Beijing You an Hospital were chosen for this prospective study and underwent high-concentration contras Read More

Background Chest wall tuberculosis may develop if tuberculous (TB) lesions spread through the chest wall and invade the thoracic cavity. The presence of a mass on the patient's chest wall may be the first indication of TB, and a chest CT scan can help diagnose external penetrating chest wall TB, the incursion of tuberculosis from the lungs into the chest wall. Objective This study examines the safety and efficacy of thoraco Read More

Objective This study aims to investigate the value of gemstone spectral imaging (GSI) combined with an 80 mm wide-body detector in head-neck CTA. Methods Ninety patients with head-neck CTA were prospectively selected and randomly divided into a control group and a test group, with 45 patients in each group. The control group was scanned conventionally. With a tube voltage of 100 kVp and detector width of 40 mm, a 7 Read More

Background Hip dysplasia is one of the most prevalent disorders in children and one of the three primary congenital orthopedic deformities. Although there are numerous existing methods (e.g., CT, MRI and arthrography) for early identification of hip dysplasia, their diagnostic criteria differ widely. It is critical to establish a safe, accurate, and reliable way for early diagnosis and treatment of hip dysplasia. Objective This Read More

Background: Non-invasive imaging methods are still lacking for the evaluation of muscle changes in diabetes. Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of muscle CT radiomics in evaluating muscle changes in diabetes. Materials and Methods: 60 diabetics and 60 health controls (HC) were assessed with the method of muscle CT radiomics. 93 CT images of radiomics features of the pectoralis major muscle (PMM) were obtained by usi Read More

Background:The degree of cervical foraminal stenosis on MRI scans may be measured and categorised using the Kim or modified Kim methods. These grading scales have not previously been validated in a cohort of patients awaiting surgery.Objectives:To establish the normal foraminal and root diameters as well as the consistency of inter and intra-rater grading using the Kim and modified Kim grading systems in pre-operati Read More

Background:Generalized cystic lymphangiomatosis (GCL) is a rare disease characterized by the widespread proliferation of lymphatic vessels, often seen in the pediatric patient group. Imaging techniques are instrumental in revealing the extent and morphological features of the disease.Objective:The objective of this study is to interpret the radiological findings of GCL and address the differential diagnosis betwee Read More

Background Real-time shear wave elastography (SWE) has emerged as a useful imaging modality for detecting the lesion location of various diseases, including cervical diseases. Objectives In this paper, the SWE was used to quantitatively determine the tissue hardness of the internal and external orifice of the cervix (IOC & EOC) and to relatively objectively analyze the impact of different production methods on the hardne Read More

Background:Cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) refers to the phenomenon in which a fertilized egg implants and develops in the scar of the uterus in a woman with a history of cesarean section.Objective:The study aimed to explore the differential diagnostic value of two-dimensional ultrasound (2D US) combined with three-dimensional ultrasound (3D US) for CSP.Methods:Clinical data of 89 patients with CSP admitted to our hospital f Read More

Background Fetal small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a serious condition with high morbidity and mortality rates. Prenatal ultrasound is an important tool for detecting SBO, but the optimal cutoff value for intestinal diameter remains undefined. Objective This study aimed to investigate the ultrasonic characteristics of fetal SBO and determine the optimal cutoff value for intestinal diameter to enhance prenatal ultrasound dia Read More

Background Preoperative T-staging is essential for planning optimal treatment and care for colorectal cancer (CRC). Objective To evaluate the accuracy of Dual-energy CT (DECT) in preoperative T-staging of CRC. Methods The clinical data and DECT images of 37 patients with 39 CRC lesions were retrospectively analyzed. The performance of the DECT quantitative parameters in CRC T-staging was evaluated. Postoperative pat Read More

Introduction:Molybdenum cofactor deficiency (MoCD-A) is an extremely rare autosomal recessive disease that presents with intractable seizures. The diagnosis poses challenges due to the limited number of cases reported worldwide. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a useful diagnostic tool that can detect brain injury associated with the disorder. The prognosis of MoCD-A is poor partly because most cases are initially mi Read More

Background:Dissection of the lymph nodes posterior to the right recurrent laryngeal nerve (LN-prRLNs) in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) remains controversial.Objective:This study aimed to determine the capability of ultrasonography (US)-based radiomics for presurgical prediction of metastasis in LN-prRLNs in PTC.Methods:Patients were retrospectively enrolled and pathologically confirmed as LN-prRLN metastasis wit Read More

Background Only a small number of the investigations that were carried out in the Middle East attempted to characterize patients with NCFB. In order to characterize patients with NCFB, as well as their etiologies, microbiological profiles, and outcomes, we therefore carried out this investigation. Methods This retrospective cohort study was carried out at the Jordan University Hospital (JUH), a tertiary facility located in Read More

Background Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) associated with eosinophilic gastroenteritis is rare. We report a case of duodenal “stone” inducing acute pancreatitis with eosinophilic gastroduodenitis in an AIDS patient. Case Summary A 73-year-old female AIDS patient came to the hospital with recurrent abdominal pain for 20 days. Computed tomography (CT) showed pancreatitis with exudation and a high-density s Read More

Background Artificial intelligence-based aided diagnostic systems for pulmonary nodules can be divided into subtasks such as nodule detection, segmentation, and benign and malignant differentiation. Most current studies are limited to single-target tasks. However, aided diagnosis aims to distinguish benign from malignant pulmonary nodules, which requires the fusion of multiple-scale features and comprehensive discrimin Read More

Renal cell carcinoma with extrarenal fat (perinephric or renal sinus fat) and renal vein invasion is the main evidence for the T3a stage according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system. Extrarenal fat invasion of renal cell carcinoma is defined as the presence of perinephric fat invasion or renal sinus fat invasion. Renal vein invasion is defined as the presence of main or segmental Read More

Objective This study aimed to determine the utility of a radiomic nomogram combined with clinical imaging and radiomic features based on MRI for the diagnosis of triple-negative breast cancer. Methods Multi-parametric MRI images of 136 breast cancer patients were retrospectively analyzed, 95 cases were stratified into the training cohort, and 41 cases were selected for the test group. According to the pathological molecular Read More

Background and Objectives:Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is an incapacitating disease that frequently results in the collapse of the femoral head and secondary osteoarthritis. The diagnosis and staging of this pathology, which usually rely on imaging studies, are challenging. Currently, conventional radiography is the basis of the initial diagnostic assessment. In recent decades, however, radiographs have been Read More

Background:Vitrectomy combined with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling or ILM inverted flap greatly improves hole closure and vision prognosis for idiopathic macular holes (IMH). The application of indocyanine green (ICG) in MH surgery increases the visibility of ILM and the safety of surgery. However, the area of ILM peeling and the state of the flap and a closed hole has not been well observed.Aims:Fundus autoflu Read More

Background:A number of studies have evaluated the effect of colour Doppler ultrasound in patients with cervical cancer.Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of colour Doppler ultrasound and two-dimensional ultrasound of monitoring patients with cervical cancer.Methods:Colour Doppler ultrasound (Experimental group) and two-dimensional ultrasound (Control group) are used to monitor cervical cancer and asses Read More

Introduction/Background:Wire localisation techniques are used widely for precision surgery in many specialities. This convenient technique has not yet become mainstream in the field of head and neck surgery. With limited space and many vital structures coursing through the head and neck region, pathological nodes that are difficult to palpate can be a challenge for clinicians.Case Presentation:A patient with a history of papil Read More

Introduction The current article presents a clinical case of ultrasound controlled transthoracic tru-cut needle biopsy of a small metastatic lesion in the left lung, performed with contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS). The following case demonstrates a real-time interventional manipulation of a very small lesion, which was done under local anesthesia, with a minimal invasion to the patient. Case Presentation A 72-year-old w Read More

Background:Chronic liver disease (CLD) will affect the enhancement of hepatic parenchyma and portal vein on abdominal-enhanced MRI.Objective:To investigate the difference in liver parenchyma and portal vein enhancement in patients with CLD of different liver function grades between Gd-EOB-DTPA and Gd-DPTA in the portal venous phase (PVP).Methods:This retrospective study included 218 patients with CLD Read More

Background:Lung cancer is a pervasive and persistent issue worldwide, with the highest morbidity and mortality among all cancers for many years. In the medical field, computer tomography (CT) images of the lungs are currently recognized as the best way to help doctors detect lung nodules and thus diagnose lung cancer. U-Net is a deep learning network with an encoder-decoder structure, which is extensively employed for Read More

Introduction:Portal vein size and hemodynamics can be altered in patients with portal hypertension. Elastography for liver stiffness has been proposed as a potential predictor of portal hypertension. However, the relationship between liver stiffness measured using point shear wave elastography (pSWE) and portal vein diameter and Doppler parameters remains unclear. Therefore, this observational study aimed to in Read More

Background:Generalized distal radius die-punch fractures (GDP) can involve three columns. However, there is no three-column classification for GDP. The aim of this study was to introduce a three-column classification for GDP, and to investigate the application effect of the classification.Methods:613 patients with GDP accrued from January 2013 to December 2021 were classified by column and fracture type Read More

Background:Currently, three-dimensional cephalometry measurements are mainly based on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), which has limitations of ionizing radiation, lack of soft tissue information, and lack of standardization of median sagittal plane establishment.Objectives:This study investigated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-only based 3D cephalometry measurement based on the integrated and modular Read More

Background Breast cancer, one of the most prevalent malignant tumors in females, usually occurs in the breast epithelial tissues. Objective The study aimed to explore the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) combined with shear wave elastography (SWE) in the diagnosis of benign and malignant breast masses in BI-RADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System) 4. Methods Examination outc Read More

Introduction:This paper presents a novel approach for detecting abnormality in coronary arteries using MRI data in RGB images. The study evaluates the test accuracy of the weak classifiers and the test accuracy and F1 score of the strong classifier.Methods:The method involves separating the image into information planes, including R, G, and B color space, or bit-planes, and training a VGG-like convolutional neur Read More

Aims To investigate the radiological characteristics of the PHNENs on CT and MRI and improve the understanding of the image manifestations and preoperative diagnosis of the disease. Background Primary hepatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PHNENs) are rare diseases, and most of the relevant studies are case reports. Characterized by no specific clinical symptoms, PHNENs not only have a low preoperative diagnosis ra Read More

Objective This study aimed to characterize and assess the diagnostic value of prenatal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in detecting fetal cerebellar hypoplasia/dysplasia and developmental malformations. Methods Reports of suspected intracranial abnormalities were retrospectively collected on ultrasound screening (US), and MR images of fetuses were reviewed at our institution over a 5-year period on picture archi Read More

Background:The aneurysmal bone cyst is a benign neoplasm that tends to form the appearance of a mass with a bony septum that forms cavities with blood inside. It is estimated to represent 1% of bone tumours and has an incidence of 0.14 per 100,000 people worldwide. Current publications have not shown a multidisciplinary approach that can benefit patients, mainly in the functionality and quality of the management approa Read More

Background:MRI of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) can predict the pathological complete response (pCR) to preoperative chemoradiation therapy (CRT). Our purpose was to use MRI results to evaluate the diagnostic value of combined changes in signal intensity (SI) and volume (V) of patients with LARC for predicting pCR to CRT.Methods:This retrospective study on 100 patients with LARC analyzed clinical Read More

Background:Modern medical imaging modalities used by clinicians have many applications in the diagnosis of complicated diseases. These imaging technologies reveal the internal anatomy and physiology of the body. The fundamental idea behind medical image fusion is to increase the image's global and local contrast, enhance the visual impact, and change its format so that it is better suited for computer processing or human Read More

Introduction:Castleman's disease is an extremely rare disease in the abdomen region characterized by benign lymphoepithelial proliferation.Case Presentation:We report a case of a 63-year-old female who presented with abdominal pain. Abdominal CT Angio and dynamic contrast-enhanced abdominal MRI revealed a mass lesion showing markedly contrast enhancement, no vascular invasion sign, and diffusion restriction lesio Read More

Background:Hepatic artery aneurysms (HAAs) exhibit a notable risk of rupture, with both true aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms being exceptionally uncommon (incidence rate approximately 2 per 100,000). Symptoms include epigastric and right upper quadrant pain, jaundice, and potentially life-threatening bleeding upon rupture. This bleeding can extend into the portal vein, hepatic vein, biliary system, or abdomin Read More

Background:Ovarian cancer is a common gynecological malignant tumor in women. Most patients have reached the advanced stage when they visit the hospital. In order to diagnose ovarian cancer at an early stage, treat it at an early stage, and improve the survival rate of patients, this study has used the imaging computed tomography (CT) method to diagnose stage IA ovarian cancer.Purpose:The purpose of this work Read More

Background:Lung ultrasound (LUS) is gaining recognition as an indispensable diagnostic tool in critical care.Objective:The study aimed to characterize the global research landscape and trend of LUS with quantification and visualization approaches.Methods:Documents related to LUS published between 2007 and 2023 were selected from the Web of Science Core Collection and identified. Visualization and statistical an Read More

Background The fat attenuation index (FAI) of pericoronary adipose tissue is associated with coronary inflammatory reactions. Objective This study aimed to analyze the difference in the FAI ratio between pericoronary adipose tissue volume and aortic root epicardial adipose tissue volume (AO-EATV) using computed tomography (CT) in various plaques. Methods In total, 645 coronary artery CT angiogram images from 215 patie Read More

Background:Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a rare congenital disease that mainly involves blood vessels and is characterized by the presence of capillary malformations (port wine stains), varicose veins, soft tissue and/or bone hypertrophy.Case Presentation:We report a 28-year-old man who was diagnosed 20 years ago with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome. Approximately 3 years ago, he found enlarged masses on both uppe Read More

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) consists of neurological development disorders that manifest before three years of age and affect social interactions, markedly restricting range of interests and activities, often associated with some degree of intellectual disability. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) are non-invasive imaging tools to investigate the func Read More

Introduction:Meniscal tears are among the most common indications for knee arthroscopy. Artificial polyurethane scaffolds have demonstrated efficacy in reducing pain and promoting the growth of normal meniscal tissue, with high absorption rates facilitating full tissue regeneration.Aims:This study aimed to evaluate the remodeling of polyurethane meniscal implants post-reconstruction using ultrasonog Read More

Introduction: It has been reported in the literature that Vitamin D can inhibit the growth of uterine fibroids, but the evaluation index is only the size of the uterine fibroids. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D on the size, hardness, and blood flow of uterine fibroids in pre-menopausal women by multimodal ultrasound. Methods: A total of 64 pre-menopausal women with uterine fibroids complicated vita Read More

BackgroundOsteoarthritis is a condition that poses a risk to the knee joint, resulting in pain and impaired function. However, traditional knee X-ray evaluations using the Kellgren-Lawrence grading system have proven to be inefficient. These evaluations are subjective, time-consuming, and labor-intensive, particularly in busy hospital settings.ObjectiveThe objective of this research was to present a deep learning-based appro Read More

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the criteria that can predict bladder cancer among the lesions that could not be differentiated from intravesical prostate protrusion (IPP) and to create a scoring system using these criteria. Methods A retrospective analysis was made of patients with an ultrasound report indicating lesions in the bladder neck, for which differentiation between bladder cancer and IPP could not be d Read More

Background:Rheumatoid Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score (RAMRIS) is usually used for the semi-quantitative evaluation of joint changes in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). However, this method cannot evaluate early changes in bone marrow edema (BME).Objective:To determine whether T1 mapping of wrist BME predicts early treatment response in RA.Methods:This study prospectively enrolled 48 RA patients administered Read More

Objective:This study sought to analyze the 18F-FDG PET/CT and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) images of synchronous colorectal cancer (CRC) and renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and identify the shared genes between these two types of cancer through bioinformatic analysis.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on a patient with synchronous CRC and ccRCC who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT Read More

Objectives The aim of this study is to evaluate (i) the reasons for requesting ultrasonography (USG) in a dentistry faculty and (ii) the scanning regions, the type of probe used, and the use of Doppler USG. Methods USG request forms of patients who applied to our radiology clinic for USG were analyzed retrospectively. According to the clinical information of the patients in the request forms, the reasons for requesting USG Read More

Background High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a serious life-threatening disease that occurs after rapid ascent to high altitude; its main early-stage presentations include fatigue, headache, low-grade fever, dyspnea, and cough. X-ray and computed tomography (CT) images show pulmonary shadows and patches, which may be localized (initial right lung field predomination) or generalized to the bilateral lung base. Read More

The American Cancer Society (ACS) reported in their Cancer Facts and Figures 2021 that prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of death among American men, with an average age of diagnosis being 66 years. This health issue predominantly affects older men and poses a significant challenge for radiologists, urologists, and oncologists when it comes to accurately diagnosing and treating it in a timely mann Read More

Background Non-neoplastic liver lesions show low signal intensity in the hepatobiliary phase (HBP) of gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (EOB-MRI) after biliary stenting and require differentiation from liver metastases. Objective The study aimed to evaluate the imaging findings and clinical association of non-neoplastic liver lesions showing hypointensity in the HBP of EOB-MRI after biliary stenting, and ass Read More

Background:Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have demonstrated superior data generation capabilities compared to other methods, making them popular for use in medical image applications. These features have intrigued researchers in the medical imaging field, resulting in a swift implementation of these techniques in various conventional and novel applications such as image reconstruction, segmentation, detecti Read More

Objective The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between quantitative parameters of spectral CT and the Ki67 expression index of tumor cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods A total of 19 patients who underwent preoperative spectral CT dual-phase enhancement and who were diagnosed with HCC by postoperative pathology were prospectively selected. Patients with ≥10% Ki67-positive tumor cells Read More

Background:The use of breast MRI for screening has increased over the past decade, mostly in women with a high risk of breast cancer. Abbreviated breast MRI (AB-MR) is introduced to make MRI a more accessible screening modality. AB-MR decreases scanning and reporting time and the overall cost of MRI.Objective:This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of abbreviated MRI protocol in detecting breast Read More

Purpose The diagnosis and quantification of early-stage alcoholic liver fibrosis (ALF) are vital and the objective is to establish a noninvasive PET technique to quantify the collagenogenesis of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) in an ALF mouse model. Methods To establish the ALF animal model, a liquid alcohol diet (8 weeks), and CCl4 were injected intraperitoneally at 5-8 weeks. A liquid scintillation counter was used to measure [3 Read More

Background:Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality among women. In addition, 1 in 8 women and 1 in 833 men will be diagnosed with breast cancer in 2022. The detection of breast cancer can not only lower treatment costs but also increase survival rates. Due to increased cancer awareness, more women are undergoing breast cancer screening, leading to more cases being diagnosed worldwide, but doctor Read More

Introduction:Ultrasound is extensively used for soft tissue pathology. Scanning bone superficial structures may reveal clear pathologic features to aid diagnosis.Case presentation:We present the case of a stress fracture in the second metatarsal, with the clinical aspect of a gouty attack. Ultrasound examination showed cortical thickening and disruption, hypoechoic periosteal swelling, hyperemia, soft tissue edema, and di Read More

Background:Liposarcoma (LPS) is a malignant mesenchymal tumor that mostly occurs in the extremities and retroperitoneum and rarely in the scrotum.Case Presentation:In this case report, we introduced a patient who was diagnosed with LPS in the scrotum. In his right scrotum, we found a large soft tissue mass, including fat and calcification.Conclusion:We reviewed the clinical, pathological and computed tomography (CT) f Read More

 Objective: This work aimed to evaluate the level set segmentation algorithm on ocular surface thermograms. In addition, the vascularity functioning between the contralateral portions of two eyes (right and left) was identified using statistical analysis methods.Methods:A total of 25 healthy participants with an average age of 35 years (20 men and 5 women) were selected in April 2022. Thermogram images were ca Read More

Objective:This study aims to investigate the efficiency of a radiomics model in identifying high-frequency microsatellite instability (MSI-H) and microsatellite stability (MSS) of colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) according to machine learning radiomics features of enhanced CT liver images.Materials and Methods:A total of 12 patients with MSI-H CRLM and 96 patients with MSS CRLM were randomly divided into the tr Read More

Background:Betel nut chewing is very common in Southeast Asia and other tropical countries. Much clinical evidence suggests that chewing betel nut has pro-inflammatory and carcinogenic effects, but there are few clinical reports of acute toxicity caused by it, especially involving esophageal damage.Case presentation:We presented a case of a 72-year-old female who was admitted to our hospital for chest pain and hematem Read More

Background Primary anorectal malignant melanoma (ARMM) is a rare tumor. It is often misdiagnosed as hemorrhoids, polyps or colorectal cancer due to the lack of specificity of their clinical symptoms and imaging manifestations. Case Presentation In this study, we reported an 83-year-old female patient with ARMM. Computed tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed uneven thickening of the intesti Read More

Introduction:Millions of people have been infected with COVID-19, which has spread quickly worldwide since the start of 2020, resulting in numerous fatalities. Identification of infected individuals is essential to control the spread of the virus.Aims:In this study, we propose a hybrid architecture that combines Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) and leverages transfer learning to enhance the Read More

Introduction Liesegang rings (LR) are concentric acellular lamellar structures, usually found in cystic and inflammatory tissues but can also be seen in neoplastic conditions. They have been mistakenly interpreted as various structures like psammomatous calcification, parasites, and algae. This study has aimed to systematically review and summarize the existence of LRs in both non-neoplastic and neoplastic conditions of the kid Read More

Introduction In some hospitals in remote areas, due to the lack of MRI scanners with high magnetic field intensity, only low-resolution MRI images can be obtained, hindering doctors from making correct diagnoses. In our study, high-resolution images can be obtained through low-resolution MRI images. Moreover, as our algorithm is a lightweight algorithm with a small number of parameters, it can be carried out in remote ar Read More

Background The lack of knowledge of the relation of the maxillary sinus with the apexes of maxillary posterior teeth can lead to important complications during common dental procedures. This can be avoided using different imaging techniques, such as orthopantomography (OPG) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). The present study aims to compare the performance of OPG with CBCT in measuring the ver Read More

Background Gastric teratoma (GT) occurs as a rule in infancy and is an extremely unusual gastric tumor in adult patients. Case Presentation In this paper, we present the clinical and imaging findings of a 56-year-old female patient with a GT. The patient's main symptoms were increasing abdominal discomfort and pain. After the physical examination, she underwent ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT), which s Read More

Introduction:Brain tumors are predicted from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Computed Tomography (CT) scan images. In recent years, image processing-based automated tools are developed to predict tumor areas with less human interference. However, such automated tools are suffering from computational complexity and reduced accuracy in certain critical images. In the proposed work, an Ideal Shallow Neural Read More

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading type of liver cancer in adults, often resulting in fatal outcomes for those with cirrhosis. Dysplastic nodule (DN) is a liver nodule that is substantial in size, ranging from 1-2 cm. However, accurately distinguishing between DN and HCC on imaging has posed a challenge. Objective The aim of this study is to assess the usefulness of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI T1 mapping i Read More

Background Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) provides non-invasive, high-speed, high-resolution, three-dimensional cross-section imaging of the macula. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of the multimodal imaging technique of three-dimension (3D) optical coherence tomography (OCT) (3D-OCT) for the diagnosis and characterization of acute central serous chorioretin Read More

Background The characteristic imaging findings of breast cancer in young women are not yet fully understood. It causes a delay in diagnosis by mixing with benign findings. Objective To evaluate the relationship between the imaging and histopathological features of breast cancer in women aged under 40 years. Methods In our center, 537 suspicious lesions were detected in a total of 15,223 adult female patients under 40 ye Read More

Introduction A large jejunal diverticulum has been reported as a possible cause of volvulus and acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) in adults. A large diverticulum of the small bowel complicated with volvulus has been reported before in literature. However, imaging findings of a large diverticulum of the small bowel complicated with both volvulus and AMI on MDCT are rarely described and reported. In this study, we reported a case Read More

Background Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is a rare hereditary nervous system defect present at birth. ACC is an uncommon condition that is unrepresentative in the general population because some cases do not present with any identifiable symptoms in the early stage. Case Report We present a case of ACC in a two-month-old male patient who was diagnosed after birth. Although the initial brain ultrasound (US) sho Read More

Aim:We aimed to examine all-cause mortality risk in relation to the extent of non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) by coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) in Chinese middle-aged and older patients in a multicenter study with nine-year follow-up.Methods:This was a retrospective, observational, multicentre study. The study population consisted of 3,240 consecutive middle-aged and older patients (ag Read More

Purpose The aims were to assess different branching patterns of segmental bronchi in the right superior lobe (RSL), as well as to investigate the anatomical diversity and sex-related variations of these branches in a large sample of the research population. Methods 10,000 participants (5428 males, and 4,572 females, mean age 50+/-13.5 years [SD] years; age range: 3-91 years) who underwent multi-slice CT (MSCT) scans fro Read More

Background: It has been reported that structure damage in the parenchymal lung disease such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is associated with high susceptibility to nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection. Radiologic features of NTM lung disease in destructive lung parenchyma can be atypical, which can cause confusion with other diseases including malignancy. Prompt and accurate identification of newly develo Read More

Purpose This study aimed to investigate the diagnosis of the external jugular venous aneurysm on color Doppler ultrasound and its relationship with pathological characteristics. Methods A retrospective analysis of 17 patients with external jugular venous aneurysm admitted to the Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University from May, 2010, to June, 2020, was performed. The color Doppler ultrasound c Read More

Wavelets are defined as mathematical functions that segment the data into different frequency levels. We can easily capture the fine and coarse details of an image or signal referred to as a subband. And it also helps in subband thresholding to achieve good compression performance. In recent days in telemedicine services, the handling of medical images is prominently increasing and it leads to the demand for medical i Read More