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- Volume 21, Issue 8, 2015
Current Pharmaceutical Design - Volume 21, Issue 8, 2015
Volume 21, Issue 8, 2015
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The Janus Face of Adenosine: Antiarrhythmic and Proarrhythmic Actions
Adenosine is a ubiquitous, endogenous purine involved in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological regulatory mechanisms. Adenosine has been proposed as an endogenous antiarrhythmic substance to prevent hypoxia/ischemia-induced arrhythmias. Adenosine (and its precursor, ATP) has been used in the therapy of various cardiac arrhythmias over the past six decades. Its primary indication is treatment of paroxysmal Read More
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Class IV Antiarrhythmic Agents: New Compounds Using an Old Strategy
Authors: Norbert Szentandrassy, Denes Nagy, Bence Hegyi, Janos Magyar, Tamas Banyasz and Peter P. NanasiCardiac arrhythmias are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the industrialized world. Among their treatment regimens one can find the calcium channel antagonists (CCAs), the class IV agents. In the cardiovascular system L- and T-type calcium channels are found on vascular smooth muscle cells and cardiac myocytes with well defined physiological roles. Inhibition of calcium channels by CCAs has widely been used in Read More
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Future Perspectives in the Pharmacological Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation and Ventricular Arrhythmias in Heart Failure
Authors: Istvan Baczko, Istvan Lepran, Lorand Kiss, Danina M. Muntean and Peter E. LightHeart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by significant impairment of cardiac ventricular function. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most commonly observed sustained arrhythmia in clinical practice. Both HF and AF are associated with increased morbidity and mortality and their prevalence increases with age. Approximately 50% of patients with moderate HF die due to ventricular fibrillation that leads to sudden c Read More
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Chemistry, Physiology, and Pharmacology of β-Adrenergic Mechanisms in the Heart. Why are β-Blocker Antiarrhythmics Superior?
Stimulation of β-adrenergic receptors in the heart is the most effective endogenous way to increase the mechanical performance of cardiac tissues to meet the requirements of a fight-or-flight situation or stress. On the other hand, sustained activation of cardiac β-receptors initiates maladaptive remodeling of the myocardium leading to cardiomyopathies and heart failure. Since both acute and chronic stimulation of β-adrenocept Read More
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Role of Gap Junction Channel in the Development of Beat-to-Beat Action Potential Repolarization Variability and Arrhythmias
The short-term beat-to-beat variability of cardiac action potential duration (SBVR) occurs as a random alteration of the ventricular repolarization duration. SBVR has been suggested to be more predictive of the development of lethal arrhythmias than the action potential prolongation or QT prolongation of ECG alone. The mechanism underlying SBVR is not completely understood but it is known that SBVR depends on stochas Read More
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Calcium Store Stability as an Antiarrhythmic Endpoint
Authors: Antonio Zaza and Marcella RocchettiCardiac arrhythmias are electrical phenomena; thus, sarcolemmal ion channels have long been considered as targets of antiarrhythmic therapy. The contribution of abnormal intracellular Ca2+ handling to digitalis-induced arrhythmogenesis is an old concept; however, the role of abnormal Ca2+ handling as a common cause of arrhythmia, i.e. relevant to all arrhythmogenic mechanisms, has been fully recognized in more re Read More
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Antiarrhythmic Potential of Drugs Targeting the Cardiac Ryanodine Receptor Ca2+ Release Channel: Case Study of Dantrolene
Authors: Karoly Acsai, Norbert Nagy, Zoltan Marton, Kinga Oravecz and Andras VarroDriven by the limitations of the traditional antiarrhythmic pharmacology, current antiarrhythmic research is trying to identify new avenues for the development of specific and safe antiarrhythmic drugs. One of the most promising approaches in this field is the amelioration of the abnormal events in cellular Ca2+ handling originating from the dysfunction of ryanodine receptor Ca2+ release complex (RyR), which is an inevita Read More
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An Emerging Antiarrhythmic Target: Late Sodium Current
Authors: T. Banyasz, N. Szentandrassy, J. Magyar, Z. Szabo, P.P. Nanasi, Y. Chen-Izu and L.T. IzuThe cardiac late sodium current (INa) has been in the focus of research in the recent decade. The first reports on the sustained component of voltage activated sodium current date back to the seventies, but early studies interpreted this tiny current as a product of a few channels that fail to inactivate, having neither physiologic nor pathologic implications. Recently, the cardiac INa has emerged as a potentially major arrhyt Read More
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ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channel Modulators and Cardiac Arrhythmias: An Update
Authors: Danina M. Muntean, Lorand Kiss, Norbert Jost and Istvan BaczkoIschemia and heart failure-related cardiac arrhythmias, both atrial (e.g., atrial fibrillation) and ventricular (e.g., malignant tachyarrhythmias) represent a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite the progress made in the last decade in understanding their pathophysiological mechanisms there is still an unmet need for safer and more efficacious pharmacological treatment, especially when Read More
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Volumes & issues
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Volume 31 (2025)
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Volume 30 (2024)
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Volume 29 (2023)
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Volume 28 (2022)
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Volume 27 (2021)
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Volume 26 (2020)
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Volume 25 (2019)
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Volume 24 (2018)
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Volume 23 (2017)
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Volume 22 (2016)
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Volume 21 (2015)
- Issue 42
- Issue 41
- Issue 40
- Issue 39
- Issue 38
- Issue 37
- Issue 36
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- Issue 31
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- Issue 29
- Issue 28
- Issue 27
- Issue 26
- Issue 25
- Issue 24
- Issue 23
- Issue 22
- Issue 21
- Issue 20
- Issue 19
- Issue 18
- Issue 17
- Issue 16
- Issue 15
- Issue 14
- Issue 13
- Issue 12
- Issue 11
- Issue 10
- Issue 9
- Issue 8
- Issue 7
- Issue 6
- Issue 5
- Issue 4
- Issue 3
- Issue 2
- Issue 1
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Volume 20 (2014)
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Volume 19 (2013)
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Volume 18 (2012)
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Volume 17 (2011)
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Volume 16 (2010)
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Volume 15 (2009)
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Volume 14 (2008)
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Volume 13 (2007)
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Volume 12 (2006)
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Volume 11 (2005)
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Volume 10 (2004)
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Volume 9 (2003)
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Volume 8 (2002)
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Volume 7 (2001)
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Volume 6 (2000)
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