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- Volume 21, Issue 34, 2015
Current Pharmaceutical Design - Volume 21, Issue 34, 2015
Volume 21, Issue 34, 2015
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Regulation of GABA Neurotransmission by Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD)
Authors: Jigar Pravinchandra Modi, Howard Prentice and Jang-Yen WuControl of GABA neurotransmission at the pre-synaptic site occurs substantially through the activation of the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) enzymes GAD65 and GAD67. Concentrations of GAD65 and GAD67 are controlled either by transcription or by mRNA splicing and importantly the activities of these key enzymes are regulated by post-translational mechanisms. Important post-translational modifications include prote Read More
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GABA Receptors: Pharmacological Potential and Pitfalls
Authors: Maja Jazvinscak Jembrek and Josipa VlainicGamma-amino butyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system, plays a key role in the regulation of neuronal transmission throughout the brain, affecting numerous physiological and psychological processes. Changes in GABA levels provoke disbalance between excitatory and inhibitory signals, and are involved in the development of numerous neuropsychiatric disord Read More
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Treatment Options in Alzheimer´s Disease: The GABA Story
Authors: Maite Solas, Elena Puerta and Maria J. RamirezAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly. Research focused on identifying compounds that restore cognition and memory in AD patients is a very active investigational pursuit, but unfortunately, it has been only successful in terms of developing symptomatic treatments. Aβ deposition and neurofibrillary tangles along with neuron and synapse loss are associated with neurotransmi Read More
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Advances in the Understanding of the Gabaergic Neurobiology of FMR1 Expanded Alleles Leading to Targeted Treatments for Fragile X Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Reymundo Lozano, Veronica Martinez-Cerdeno and Randi J. HagermanFragile X spectrum disorder (FXSD) includes: fragile X syndrome (FXS), fragile X-associated tremor ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) and fragile X-associated primary ovarian insufficiency (FXPOI), as well as other medical, psychiatric and neurobehavioral problems associated with the premutation and gray zone alleles. FXS is the most common monogenetic cause of autism (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID). The und Read More
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GABAergic Modulation in Diabetic Encephalopathy-Related Depression
More LessCentral nervous system is not spared from the deleterious effects of diabetes, since several studies have described neuropsychological and neurobehavioral changes in diabetic subjects, suggesting that diabetic encephalopathy should be recognized as a complication of this complex metabolic disorder. In fact, psychiatric manifestations may accompany this encephalopathy, since the prevalence of depression in diabe Read More
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GABAergic Pharmacotherapy in the Treatment of Motor Disorders of the Central Nervous System
Authors: Jose Gazulla, Carlota Ruiz-Gazulla and Maria TintoreGamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, and diseases that associate a deficiency in GABA might benefit from GABAergic drugs. Cerebellar Purkinje cells employ GABA as a neurotransmitter. Cortical cerebellar atrophy (CCA) shows Purkinje cell loss, and ataxia caused by it was alleviated by gabapentin and pregabalin. Thus, CCA is proposed as a model of selective de Read More
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The GABAergic System and the Gastrointestinal Physiopathology
Authors: Michelangelo Auteri, Maria Grazia Zizzo and Rosa SerioSince the first report about the presence of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, accumulating evidence strongly supports the widespread representation of the GABAergic system in the enteric milieu, underlining its potential multifunctional role in the regulation of GI functions in health and disease. GABA and GABA receptors are widely distributed throughout the GI tract, constituting a complex n Read More
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Long Noncoding RNA MALAT1: Insights into its Biogenesis and Implications in Human Disease
Authors: Yuting Wu, Cheng Huang, Xiaoming Meng and Jun LiGenome-wide studies have identified thousands of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) with no protein coding capacity. Among them, the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are more than 200 nucleotides in length, recently are widely concerned for their crucial role in regulating biological processes and diseases. However, most lncRNAs are expressed at a very low level, and generally exhibit poor primary sequence conser Read More
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Chemokines and Their Receptors: Potential Therapeutic Targets for Bone Cancer Pain
Authors: Ya-Qun Zhou, Heng-Yi Gao, Xue-Hai Guan, Xun Yuan, Guang-Guang Fang, Yuan Chen and Da-Wei YeBone cancer pain (BCP) is still an intractable problem currently because the analgesic pharmacological intervention remains insufficient. Thus, the development of novel therapeutic target is critical for the treatment of BCP. Emerging evidence demonstrated that some chemokines and their receptors contribute to the induction and maintenance of BCP. In this article, we reviewed the current evidence for the role of different Read More
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Coffee and Depression: A Short Review of Literature
Coffee is among the most widespread and healthiest beverages in the world. It is known to be a highly rich source of biologically active natural metabolites which possess therapeutic effects (i.e. caffeine) and functional properties (i.e. chlorogenic acids). Therefore, coffee can be considered a drink which has different positive effects on human health such as cardioprotective, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, nephroprotecti Read More
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Effects of CYP2C19 Polymorphism on Endothelial Function, Arterial Stiffness and Inflammation in Coronary Artery Disease Patients Under Clopidogrel Treatment
Authors: Gerasimos Siasos, Marina Zaromitidou, Evangelos Oikonomou, Konstantinos Mourouzis, Sotiris Tsalamandris, Stamatios Kioufis, Eleni Kokkou, Manolis Vavuranakis, Theodoros Zografos, Alexis Antonopoulos, Stathis Dimitropoulos, Christodoulos Stefanadis, Athanasios G. Papavassiliou and Dimitris TousoulisBackground: Clopidogrel’s ability to inhibit platelet function determined its clinical usefulness. The role of CYP2C19*2 genotype on antiplatelet treatment is recently under question. Arterial wall properties and inflammation are key players in atherosclerosis development. Hence, we evaluated the impact of CYP2C19*2 genetic polymorphism on endothelial function, arterial stiffness and inflammation in coronary artery Read More
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Volumes & issues
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Volume 31 (2025)
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Volume 30 (2024)
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Volume 29 (2023)
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Volume 28 (2022)
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Volume 27 (2021)
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Volume 26 (2020)
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Volume 25 (2019)
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Volume 24 (2018)
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Volume 23 (2017)
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Volume 22 (2016)
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Volume 21 (2015)
- Issue 42
- Issue 41
- Issue 40
- Issue 39
- Issue 38
- Issue 37
- Issue 36
- Issue 35
- Issue 34
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- Issue 31
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- Issue 28
- Issue 27
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- Issue 22
- Issue 21
- Issue 20
- Issue 19
- Issue 18
- Issue 17
- Issue 16
- Issue 15
- Issue 14
- Issue 13
- Issue 12
- Issue 11
- Issue 10
- Issue 9
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- Issue 7
- Issue 6
- Issue 5
- Issue 4
- Issue 3
- Issue 2
- Issue 1
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Volume 20 (2014)
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Volume 19 (2013)
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Volume 18 (2012)
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Volume 17 (2011)
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Volume 16 (2010)
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Volume 15 (2009)
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Volume 14 (2008)
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Volume 13 (2007)
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Volume 12 (2006)
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Volume 11 (2005)
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Volume 10 (2004)
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Volume 9 (2003)
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Volume 8 (2002)
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Volume 7 (2001)
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Volume 6 (2000)
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