Current Pharmaceutical Design - Volume 21, Issue 36, 2015

Nanomedicine is an emerging and rapidly growing field, possibly exploring for high expectation to healthcare. Nanoformulations have been designed to overcome challenges due to the development and fabrication of nanostructures. Unique size-dependent properties of nanoformulations make them superior and indispensable in many areas of human activity. Nano drug delivery systems are formulated a Read More

Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most serious malignancies along with a high incidence in children and teenagers. Although the neoadjuvant chemotherapy of OS has made great progress and prolongs the five-year survival rates of patients to some extent, drugs are restrained from clinical application due to the unsatisfactory efficacy and severe side effects, especially for the systemic therapy through intravenous inj Read More

Mucosal drug delivery is considered as a convenient, mild and safe route, especially for the treatment of chronic diseases. In general, mucosal routes include buccal, ocular, intranasal, pulmonary, vaginal and oral delivery. To increase the efficiency of mucosal delivery, nanocarriers have been extensively explored, of which lipidbased nanocarriers attract much attention due to their great biocompatibility, cell membrane af Read More

The majority of pharmaceutical formulations for the treatment of ocular pathologies are for topical administration. However, this kind of ophthalmic formulations has disadvantages such as low bioavailability and, consequently, a reduced therapeutic effect. This happens due to the anatomical and physiological specificity of the eyeball (tissues with different characteristics, the presence of different defense mechanis Read More

The aim of the present paper is to highlight the potential of nasal mucosa as an administration route for targeting the central nervous system, in particular, the brain. Among the formulation strategies for enhance nose to brain drug delivery, the use of colloidal carriers has became a revolutionary approach. These systems should be able to entrap drugs in the desired amount, to penetrate through anatomical barriers, Read More

Inhalation of aerosolized compounds is a popular, non-invasive route for the targeted delivery of therapeutic molecules to the lung. Various types of nanoparticles have been used as carriers to facilitate drug uptake and intracellular action in order to treat lung diseases and/or to facilitate lung repair and growth. These include polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, and dendrimers, among many others. In addition, nanoparticles a Read More

Vaccination is the most cost-effective and the best prophylactic strategy for the treatment of many diseases and, therefore, is widely used to improve human health. However, currently, most vaccines are given by injection which has a number of intrinsic disadvantages, such as inoculation needing professionals, waste metal needle pollution and infection, and low vaccination compliance. To overcome these drawbacks, in th Read More

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most challenging diseases to treat in clinical oncology due to its high mortality rates and inefficient conventional treatment methods. Difficulties with early detection, post-surgical recurrences, and resistance to chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy are important reasons for the poor prognosis of those with GBM. Over the past few decades, magnetic resonance (MR) theranostics usin Read More

Atherosclerosis is a systemic disease characterized by the development of multifocal plaque lesions within vessel walls and extending into the vascular lumen. The disease takes decades to develop symptomatic lesions, affording opportunities for accurate detection of plaque progression, analysis of risk factors responsible for clinical events, and planning personalized treatment. Of the available molecular imaging modalitie Read More

Resveratrol (3,5,4’-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene), a natural phytoalexin found in grape-skin, exerts multiple biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and antioxidant effects. In the past few years, mounting evidence has suggested that resveratrol is neuroprotective against a number of neurological diseases. An important contributor to the pathogenesis of neurological disorders is neuroinflammation, Read More

Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is a disease characterized by autoimmune mediated destruction of the insulin producing beta cells of endocrine pancreas. Beside insulin deficiency, T1DM is also characterized by abnormal suppression of glucagon secretion in response to hyperglycemia. All these abnormalities are likely to leave patients dependent upon exogenous insulin administration for survival. GLP-1 is a hormone secreted by Read More