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Current Green Chemistry - Online First
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Microbial Fuel Cell an Alternative for Sustainable Energy Production: Substrate, Challenges and Application
Authors: Renuka Saraf, Ayushi Goyal, Divya Jain and Kakoli DuttAvailable online: 03 January 2025More LessThe concept of bioelectricity has been known for over half a century. Its modern application in the form of a battery or fuel cell utilizing microbes and degradable organic molecules opens up a new domain of energy production in the form of Microbial fuel cells (MFC). This technology not only supports the sustainable development goals by being green and but also facilitates the utilization of a wide range of biosubstrates, leading to coupled applications like wastewater treatment, desalination, etc. The development of viable models of MFC and their possible scale-up for use is a major focus of the researchers as the global energy crisis increases and the search for alternatives widens. The construction, configuration, electrodes, electrolytes, and microorganisms used play a very relevant role in determining the performance, longevity, and utility of MFC. Furthermore, exploration of the underlying biochemical mechanisms and influence of MFC components on it leading to variabilities in coulombic efficiencies and power output are key areas underlying its development. This review attempts to present a cohesive summary of important achievements in the development of MFC research attempted globally.
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Recent Advances of 3-Hetero-substituted 4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one: A Review
Available online: 02 January 2025More LessLate-stage functionalization of pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one at pyrimidine ring structure is crucial to design pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and materials for sustainable development. 4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-ones skeleton, a potent privileged scaffold, ubiquitously exists in numerous bioactive natural and pharmacologic products. Scope of different synthetic methods including their synthetic application to design new materials and biological activity of differently substituted 4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-ones are of main interest. Researchers are relentlessly working to develop more efficient and ecofriendly methods for their synthesis. This review provides, a comprehensive discussion of the recent advancements in the field of synthesis and application of 3-hetero-substituted 4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one for sustainable development.
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Microwave-assisted Synthesis of Quinolines
Authors: Yadavalli Venkata Durga Nageswar, Katla Ramesh and Katla RakhiAvailable online: 01 January 2025More LessQuinoline is a biologically important class of N-based heterocyclic compound. It has attracted the attention of the researchers since the 19th century. The researchers have identified more than 600 quinoline compounds to date. Further, these exhibit several biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, insecticidal, and other activities. Microwave-assisted synthesis is a promising green technique for synthesizing organic and heterocyclic compounds. The present review provides an overview of the literature available on microwave-promoted synthetic methodologies for the synthesis of quinoline derivatives that have appeared in the last ten years. Since the major goal of this work is to highlight the sustainable nature of microwave-promoted methods, the green features of each research report are presented. It covers recent synthetic strategies both under homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic approaches. Significant decreases in reaction times, enhancement in overall yields, and greater atom economy can be observed in the documented research. We believe that this work will definitely help in the search for novel and environmentally benign routes for the synthesis of quinoline-related potential lead molecules.
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Recent Advances on Oximes Derivatives: Green Catalysis and Various Synthetic Routes
Authors: Nejib Jebli and Girish Kumar GuptaAvailable online: 04 November 2024More LessNitrogen-containing acyclic, cyclic, and heterocyclic compounds and their derivatives have received increasing attention as a source of therapeutic agents. Oximes are an interesting class of Nitrogen-containing compounds possessing a wide variety of applications. Over the last decade, the interest in oximes and their derivatives has intensified. Many oxime derivatives using several preparation methods have been developed and evaluated for their biological activities. Due to their importance, oximes are subjected to many chemical transformations with the use of different chemicals to obtain numerous new derivatives. As a part of the continuing interest in oxime derivatives, we aim in this review to explore the green chemistry principles for the synthesis of oxime derivatives, as it offers promising pathways to more sustainable synthesis techniques that minimize waste and energy consumption and avoid hazardous methods. Additionally, it could inspire and stimulate researchers from various disciplines, such as chemists, biologists, and materials scientists to explore new applications for oximes derivatives.
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Current Applications of Organocatalysis in Total Synthesis of Natural Products at Room Temperature
Authors: Sisir Lohar, Piyali Mitra and Sasadhar MajhiAvailable online: 30 October 2024More LessMolecules of natural origin play a profound role in drug discovery and development since natural products derived from Mother Nature, particularly from plants are employed as satisfactory precursors for important medicines. The total synthesis of complex natural products endures as a dynamic field of chemical research as the demand for bioactive natural products and secondary metabolites is gradually enhancing owing to their great application in the area of synthetic organic chemistry and the biological community. It is very useful in ascertaining the hypothetical complex structure of such molecules in the laboratory since different biologically potent secondary metabolites are derived in small quantities frequently. The total synthesis of natural products using organocatalysis as the key step(s) has earned momentum recently because of high chemical efficiency, low toxicity, simple accessibility, low cost, and eco-friendly of organocatalysts due to the absence of a metal atom as well as the popularity of asymmetric catalysis research. This greener strategy is capable enough to execute the transformations at ambient temperature as per the sixth principle of green chemistry which is dedicated to the “Design for Energy Efficiency”. Cinchona alkaloids, chiral secondary and primary amines, guanidine and guanidiniums, N-heterocyclic carbenes, etc. are important organocatalysts in the field of the total synthesis of natural products and related compounds. Thus, the present review aims to deal with the total synthesis of natural products at room temperature as crucial intermediate(s) and it also offers an overview of natural sources, structures, and biological activities of natural products for the first time modishly.
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Current Progress in Visible Light-induced Synthesis and Functionalization of N- and S-Heterocycles: A Sustainable Perspective
Authors: Debasree Saha and Brindaban C. RanuAvailable online: 17 October 2024More LessHeterocycles are of much importance as the majority of the existing drugs contain one or more heterocyclic units in their structures. Among all the heterocycles, nitrogen, and sulphur-containing ones occupy major space, and they have special properties which make them suitable for the textile, cosmetic, and paint industries other than pharmaceutical. Recently, visible light has emerged as a powerful tool for performing various reactions at ambient temperatures and mild conditions and thus it has been used for the key step in the synthesis of many molecules. In addition, visible light assisted methods are usually cost and time effective. Thus, this review highlighted the recent developments in visible light induced methods for the synthesis of some selected biologically active N- and S- containing heterocycles such as benzothiazoles, indoles and triazoles and their functionalization. The advantages, green aspects and limitations of these methods have also been discussed.
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