Current Green Chemistry - Online First

Dye pollution is unsightly and harmful to the environment because it lowers oxygen levels in water and inhibits photosynthesis. The need for biodegradable polymers that can efficiently absorb pollutants is driven by the frequent failure of conventional treatment procedures to effectively remove dyes. The present study aimed to explore the applications of biodegradable natural components, including starch, cellulose, chitosan, and food waste derivatives, in removing dyes from wastewater. The review analysed relevant literature on biodegradable food materials for the removal of dyes from aqueous solution. The review articles were obtained through databases, including ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. This review gathered relevant data, preferably from the last 10 years, on bioadsorbents for dye removal and waste management. Biodegradable adsorbents have shown great promise for dye removal due to their eco-friendliness, but their effectiveness depends on several factors. These include surface area, pH, and material modifications that enhance adsorption properties. Electrostatic interactions, ion exchange, hydrogen bonding, and π-π interactions play key roles in the dye adsorption process. Although these materials can be reused after dye removal, maintaining their efficacy over multiple cycles often requires chemical or thermal regeneration. Cost-effective scaling and the development of green regeneration techniques are still needed for practical applications. Dye removal is possible using biodegradable materials. Although these materials are effective with certain modifications, further research is needed to develop cost-effective scaling methods and environmentally friendly regeneration processes.

The versatility of plastics has led to their widespread use. The use of plastic has increased twentyfold in the previous half-century, and scientists anticipate that it will increase further in the subsequent two decades. Roughly 330 million metric tons of plastic is produced annually on a worldwide scale. A relatively recent and persistent issue in environmental management is the production, usage, and eventual disposal of plastics. Millions of animals perish annually, and soil fertility is diminished as a result of plastics building up in the ecosystem due to improper disposal. One solution to the environmental problems caused by polymers made from petrochemicals is the development of bioplastics, which are biodegradable and functionally equivalent to conventional plastics. Bioplastics and their derivatives have the potential to revolutionise environmental sustainability by reducing emissions of greenhouse gases and facilitating their widespread application. To find a long-term solution to the problem of plastic pollution, bioplastics must be developed further. It is crucial to raise public awareness to tackle plastic pollution in a sustainable manner. Concerns about pollution and the depletion of fossil fuel resources have prompted a dramatic increase in the study and creation of sustainable alternatives. Bioplastics made from sustainable plants provide a practical answer to these problems. This review article examined existing studies on the production, use, and multidisciplinary applications of bioplastics as biodegradable and environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional plastics. Research articles were collected from databases such as ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The review focused on highlighting the growing significance of bioplastics by analysing their production methods, diverse applications, and potential benefits across various sectors. This review will examine the many plant-based bioplastics, their production process, and their various uses in different sectors. Along with the opportunities and threats associated with bioplastics' potential future commercialisation, this paper explains the positive side along with the limitations of these environmentally friendly materials.

Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a popular technique for sample preparation, known for reducing the need for solvents and integrating well with chromatography instruments. Recent advancements focus on improving extraction efficiency through new coating materials. Despite improvements in analytical instruments, sample preparation remains a challenge, especially for detecting trace substances. This review explores the latest developments in SPME, particularly new coating materials, including nanomaterials like metal oxide nanoparticles, metal nanoparticles, carbon-based nanomaterials, and silica nanoparticles. These materials improve enrichment, analyte selectivity, and resistance to interference. The review also examines how analyte properties and coating composition affect extraction performance, helping researchers design better coatings. Additionally, the manuscript discusses modern applications of SPME, such as direct coupling with mass spectrometry and in vivo sampling, highlighting its growing importance in analytical fields. By summarizing recent innovations and applications, this review aims to provide valuable insights into developing more effective SPME techniques using advanced adsorbents for detecting and analyzing a wide range of substances.