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Structure, Stability, and Electronic Feature Analyses of Substrates (Methyl Orange and Vanadium Oxide)-Surfactant (Triton X-100) Complex: A Computational Insight
- Source: Current Applied Polymer Science, Volume 5, Issue 1, Apr 2022, p. 60 - 71
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- 03 Nov 2021
- 10 Jan 2022
- 01 Apr 2022
Abstract
Aims: The objective of the present work is to understand the structural stability (i.e., H-bonding and other weak noncovalent interactions) and electronic features of new model substrates, such as methyl orange (MO), vanadium oxide (V), surfactants as Triton-X100 (TX-100), and their allied substrate-surfactant model complexes (MO-V, MO-TX100, V-TX100, and (MO-V)-X100) with the deployment of density functional theory (DFT) method followed by electronic structure calculations and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) approaches.
Background: Significant interactions appear to play a major role in reducing the energy gap between the model substrates Methyl Orange (MO)/Vanadium Oxide (V)/MO-V) and surfactant/catalyst Triton-X100 (TX-100) and enhancing the catalytic behaviour of the surfactant/catalyst TX-100.
Objective: The main objective of the present report is to conduct computational experiments on the designing, characterization, structure, stability, and electronic feature analyses of substrates-surfactant model complexes constituted from Methyl Orange (MO), Vanadium Oxide (V), Triton-X100 (TX-100) units which could indeed help in synthesizing novel materials as a catalyst, controlling the reaction path by tuning such interesting interactions between a catalyst/surfactant and substrate.
Methods and Material: The quantum chemical calculations have been performed using Gaussian 09 electronic structure calculations program. B3LYP exchange-correlation functional in conjunction with 6-31G(d,p) basis set has been employed along with the incorporation of the effective core potential (ECP) based basis set for vanadium ‘V’ atom.
Results: In the present report, the computational experiments have been conducted to probe the structural, stability, and electronic features of four substrates-surfactant model complexes (SSMC) [MO-V, MO-TX-100, V-TX-100, and (MO-V)-TX-100] acquired from the substrates MO and V or the combination of both as MO-V and surfactant/catalyst TX-100. The HOMO-LUMO energy gap of the (MO-V)-TX-100 SSMC complex (0.679 eV) is found to be the lowest among all [MO-V (3.691 eV), MO-TX-100 (3.321 eV), and V-TX-100 (3.125 eV)] SSMCs, which appears mainly due to the presence of surfactant/catalyst (TX-100), thus showing its high reactivity/catalytic behaviour.
Conclusion: The calculated binding energy, change in Gibbs free energy, natural charges, and the QTAIM based topological parameters show the most favourable stabilization (H-bonding and noncovalent interactions, including metal/non-metal bonding) and interactions in the (MO-V)-TX-100 SSMC, indicating the presence of the TX-100 surfactant.