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Halophytic Plants for Animal Feed: Associated Botanical and Nutritional Characteristics
Halophytic plants are a fascinating group of plants that also serve as dietary feed for livestock. Their utilization is essential for sustainable agriculture and maintaining ecological balance. This book explains the nature of halophytic plants through an in-depth presentation of their botanical and nutritional characteristics. Chapters of the book highlight different aspects of halophytes on a botanical histological ecological and nutritional basis when utilized as animal feed components. The issues of the histo-chemical aspects of halophytes are addressed with regard to their impact on nutrient compositions and availability to animals while the important nutrient contents of halophytes are considered in relation to their value to animals.
Key Features:
- 10 organized chapters on halophytic plants
- Explains the relationship between botanical and nutritional characteristics of halophytes when utilized as animal feed components
- Covers information about important nutrient contents and secondary metabolites in halophytes
- Includes information on nutritional and feeding values for animals
- Includes informative diagram and tables
- Includes references for further reading
This book fills a notable gap in available literature on the subject and will stimulate researchers to pursue the many unanswered questions in the field of biosaline agriculture. This text serves as reading material for undergraduate and graduate level courses and specializations in agriculture animal nutrition animal physiology botany and plant physiology. It also serves as supplementary reading for students of taxonomy ecology and environmental science courses. Professional and apprentice livestock farmers will also benefit from the information presented by the book.
Handbook for Dental Chair Side Assistants - Part 1
Handbook for Dental Chair Side Assistants is a timely and comprehensive resource designed to educate the dental chair side assistant and dental nurses about dentistry. This unique practical handbook covers the basic sciences emergencies and clinical aspects of all dental specialties. The theoretical knowledge and background about dental anatomy dental microbiology oral pathology dental materials dental radiology dental procedures common drugs problems and dental instruments in dental practice is explained in simple and clear terms. The contents have been designed to give an optimum balance between clinical skills and theoretical foundation of the subject. The book is divided into 2 parts. Part 1 covers basic sciences and includes a guide to working in dental clinics. Part 2 includes a guide to medical emergencies and information for different dental specialty settings. Key Features - Lucid yet simple explanations for learners - Covers basic and practical tips for dental assistants and nurses - Provides information for all dental specialties - Includes notes on advanced technology in dentistry - Illustrative and easy to retain information with colorful clinical pictures flowcharts and tabular data - A comprehensive summary for every chapter The book is useful reading material for undergraduate dental students and trainees.
Handbook of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is an interdisciplinary science with multiple approaches to solve a problem. Advancements in machine learning (ML) and deep learning are creating a paradigm shift in virtually every tech industry sector.
This handbook provides a quick introduction to concepts in AI and ML. The sequence of the book contents has been set in a way to make it easy for students and teachers to understand relevant concepts with a practical orientation. This book starts with an introduction to AI/ML and its applications. Subsequent chapters cover predictions using ML and focused information about AI/ML algorithms for different industries (health care agriculture autonomous driving image classification and segmentation SEO smart gadgets and security). Each industry use-case demonstrates a specific aspect of AI/ML techniques that can be used to create pipelines for technical solutions such as data processing object detection classification and more.
Additional features of the book include a summary and references in every chapter and several full-color images to visualize concepts for easy understanding. It is an ideal handbook for both students and instructors in undergraduate level courses in artificial intelligence data science engineering and computer science who are required to understand AI/ML in a practical context.
Handbook of Laparoscopy Instruments
Handbook of Laparoscopy Instruments covers the essential components of laparoscopic instruments and technology. It presents accessible information covering key topics on the subject: Ø Basic and specialized laparoscopic instruments Ø Image production Ø Pneumoperitoneum maintenance Ø Ergonomics Ø Sterilization procedures Ø Optical devices Ø Operation theatre layout and setup Ø Operative hand instruments Ø Robotic Surgery This book is an indispensable resource recommended for students and surgical residents who need an understanding of instruments and procedures in laparoscopic surgery. It is also intended to help medical professionals who want to start laparoscopy units in their clinics.
Hazardous Waste Management and Health Risks
Hazardous Waste Management and Health Risks presents a systematic overview of evaluating solid and hazardous waste management practices. The book introduces readers to the basic principles of hazardous waste management and progresses into related topics that allow managers to assess environmental quality. These topics include heavy metal pollution reproductive biomarkers as signals of environmental pressure and health risks and environmental contamination in an international perspective. With an emphasis on sustainable development throughout the text a zero-waste strategy as an alternative way to manage hazardous waste is suggested in a dedicated chapter.
This reference book is intended as an introductory guide for managers taking waste management training courses and students involved in degree courses related to environmental engineering and management.
Health Policy in Ageing Populations: Economic Modeling of Chronic Disease Policy Options in Australia
In a global environment of rapid increases in health expenditures health policies in Australia and in many other countries are currently undergoing major reforms. To contain future cost increases accurate tools able to identify and rank ‘best value for money’ health investments are essential.
In Australia non-communicable chronic diseases – e.g. diabetes heart disease cancer arthritis and mental disorders – affect the majority of the elderly account for 70% of health expenditures and cause poor health deteriorating quality of life and premature death. This book focuses on how to identify ‘best value for money’ health investments within the context of on-going and future health reforms and on quantifying the major benefits that would flow from such investments in terms of longer and better lives. This book will be of interest to general readers social and economic researchers and students interested in health care in ageing populations.
Heat Stress In Food Grain Crops: Plant Breeding and Omics Research
Heat Stress In Food Grain Crops: Plant Breeding and Omics Research is a timely compilation of advanced research on heat stress affecting crop yield plant growth & development of common food grain and cereal crops. Chapters in the book cover several aspects of crop science including the identification of potential gene donors for heat tolerance physiological mechanisms of adaptation to heat stress the use of conventional and modern tools of breeding for imparting tolerance against terminal temperature stress and precise mapping of heat tolerant QTLs through biparental and genome wide association mapping. The use of genomics and phenomics methods is focused on through chapters dedicated to important crops such as groundnut pearl millet maize chickpea mungbean and wheat. Authors of the respective chapters explain the importance of harnessing a diverse crop genepool for sustaining crop production under conditions of increasing heat stress. Readers will be able to understand the relevance of functional genomics in elucidating candidate genes and their regulatory functions contributing to heat tolerance
Hepatic Elastography Using Ultrasound Waves
Some time ago Schiano raised the question "To B or not to B" which means "To Biopsy or not to Biopsy" the liver for the evaluation of chronic hepatopathies. For a long period liver biopsy (LB) was considered the "gold standard" for the evaluation of liver morphology. A major disadvantage of LB is its invasiveness: the risk of post-biopsy discomfort for patients and sometimes for serious complications; also the lack of sensitivity to detect fibrosis due to its heterogeneity; and the inability to obtain good quality fragments adequate for pathological examination. In these conditions the question is whether LB can be regarded as the "gold standard" for staging and grading chronic hepatitis in daily activity.
But what alternative can we propose for the evaluation of liver fibrosis at this moment? The answer is: non-invasive methods and the ultrasound elastographic ones presented in this volume.
Transient Elastography (FibroScan Echosens) is a recognized method in many countries. Published papers and meta-analyses showed the value of this method for the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis (AUROC - 94%); for staging chronic HCV hepatitis (a cut-off value of 7.5 kPa differentiates F0–1 from F2–4 with 67% sensitivity 87% specificity 86% positive predictive value (PPV) and 68% negative predictive value (NPV) with a diagnostic accuracy of 76%; but also in HBV chronic infection NASH PBC PBS).
Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) Elastography (Siemens S2000) is another elastographic methods with promising results (a meta-analysis showed that the mean diagnostic accuracy of ARFI expressed as AUROC was 0.88 for the diagnosis of significant fibrosis (F≥2) 0.91 for the diagnosis of severe fibrosis (F≥3) and 0.93 for the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis. In the subgroup of patients who underwent both ARFI and TE the diagnostic accuracy of ARFI was comparable to TE for the diagnosis of significant and severe fibrosis with a trend to be inferior for the diagnosis of cirrhosis. The future of liver fibrosis evaluation points towards non-invasive methods decreasing dramatically the number of liver biopsies.
Studies have been published regarding the value of Real Time Elastography performed for the first time with Hitachi systems (EUB-8500 and EUB-900) which uses an extended combined autocorrelation method to produce a real-time elasticity image by using a freehand approach to compress the tissues with the ultrasound transducer. The relative tissues’ elasticity is calculated and displayed as a color overlay on the conventional B-mode image. HiRT-E could be a promising method for the evaluation of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatopathies but new methods of color code interpretation are needed to improve the accuracy as well as a reference acquisition methodology.
ShearWave™ Elastography the new "kid on the block" produces an image where true local tissue elasticity is displayed in a color map in "real time". Elasticity is displayed using a color coded image superimposed on a B-mode image. Stiffer tissues are coded in red and softer tissues in blue with an image resolution of approximately 1mm. The true elasticity is assessed based on Shear wave propagation speed into the tissue. It is a very new method and only small studies were presented at international meetings.
Thus having the alternative of noninvasive elastographic methods for the evaluation of liver fibrosis (maybe together with serum tests such as FibroMax) and knowing the low real life yield of liver biopsy (and the risk of complications) we can safely conclude that for daily medical activity liver biopsy can be avoided in the vast majority of cases.
This ebook presents an interesting set of chapters on the subject and is of good value to hepatologists interested in non invasive diagnostic methods for liver diseases.
Hepatic Elastography Using Ultrasound Waves Revised Edition of Volume 1
Liver biopsy (LB) is sometimes considered to be the "gold standard" for the evaluation of liver morphology in the diagnosis of chronic hepatopathies. A major disadvantage of LB is its invasiveness: the risk of post-biopsy discomfort for patients and sometimes of serious complications; the lack of sensitivity to detect fibrosis due to its heterogeneity and the difficulty to obtain adequate physical samples for pathological examination is also problematic. In these circumstances the idea of LB as the "gold standard" for staging and grading chronic hepatitis in routine medical diagnoses is questionable.
Non-invasive methods such as ultrasound elastography provide an effective alternative for liver evaluation without the risk of complications that arise from liver biopsies. There are a number of variants of elastographic techniques which include transient elastography (FibroScan Echosens) Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) elastography (Siemens S2000) and other methods of shear wave elastography.
This revised edition of Hepatic Elastography Using Ultrasound Waves presents an updated set of chapters on the related topic. Chapters cover several methods of hepatic elastography (transient shear wave real time strain elastPQ etc.). This edition consolidates all methods of point shear wave elastography (including ARFI and ElastPQ methods) into a single chapter and presents information on 2D shear wave elastography in a separate chapter. In addition this revised edition offers readers new information on the comparison of each elastographic technique and supplements readers with a set of general guidelines on liver elastography. This revised edition is an essential reference for hepatologists interested in non invasive diagnostic methods for liver diseases.
Heterocyclic Anti-Inflammatory Agents: A Guide for Medicinal Chemists
This book summarizes the cutting-edge experimental research on heterocyclic compounds used as anti-inflammatory agents in ten chapters. Each chapter is authored by experts in medicinal chemistry and is supplemented with scientific references for advanced reading.
The book covers several types of heterocyclic compounds and their derivatives including :
- pyrimidine and pyrimidinone derivatives
- 123 and 124 triazoles
- imidazole and benzimidazole derivatives
- oxazole oxadiazole isoxazoline and oxazoline derivatives
- thiazole and thiazolidinone derivatives
- pyrazole and pyrazoline
- Carbazoles and their derivatives
- azipines quinolines and coumarins
This is a timely reference for medicinal chemists interested in developing new heterocycles for anti-inflammatory drugs. Contributors have discussed the effects of these compounds on different types of inflammation and their evolution in drug development as therapeutic agents to give a wider perspective to readers.
How to Design Optimization Algorithms by Applying Natural Behavioral Patterns
How to Design Optimization Algorithms by Applying Natural Behavioral Patterns is a guide book that introduces readers to optimization algorithms based on natural language processing. Readers will learn about the basic concept of optimization optimization algorithm fundamentals and the methods employed to formulate natural ideas and behaviors into algorithms. Readers will learn how to create their own algorithm from the information provided in the text.
The book is a simple reference to students and programming enthusiasts who are interested in learning about optimization and the process of designing algorithms designed to mimic natural phenomena.
Human-Computer Interaction and Beyond: Advances Towards Smart and Interconnected Environments (Part I)
Human-Computer Interaction and Beyond: Advances Towards Smart and Interconnected Environments is a 2-part book set which presents discoveries innovative ideas concepts practical solutions and novel applications of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) and related disciplines such as artificial intelligence machine learning data mining computer vision and natural language processing. The book provides readers with information about HCI trends which are shaping the future of smart interconnected urban and industrial environments. Contributions are authored by experts and scientists in the field of HCI and its interrelated disciplines from 8 different countries Chile China Croatia India Iran Malaysia Peru and South Korea.
The chapters of this volume present novel and state of the art research works conducted at the intersection of HCI aimed at developing trust increasing user acceptance augmenting user performance and fostering human-technology partnerships. Chapters cover usability testing in digital healthcare systems user experience testing of handicapped children and assistive technologies for visually impaired users and a gamified user experience design for learning. The volume also presents a review of twitter usability testing among Indian users along with specific cases of arthritis diagnostic systems meteorological draught analysis and the role of EUPS in improving GUI design to improve the user experience.
Human-Computer Interaction and Beyond: Advances Towards Smart and Interconnected Environments is an informative reference for scientists researchers and developers in both academia and industry who wish to learn design implement and apply these emerging technologies in HCI in different sectors with the goal of realizing futuristic technology-driven living and functional smart cities and environments.
Human-Computer Interaction and Beyond: Advances Towards Smart and Interconnected Environments Part II
Human-Computer Interaction and Beyond: Advances Towards Smart and Interconnected Environments is a 2-part book set which presents discoveries innovative ideas concepts practical solutions and novel applications of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) and related disciplines such as artificial intelligence machine learning data mining computer vision and natural language processing. The book provides readers with information about HCI trends which are shaping the future of smart interconnected urban and industrial environments.
This is the second of the two volumes of the edited books. The chapters of this volume cover topics like ERP usability in educational settings the role of AI in enhancing HCI functionality usability of local mobile healthcare apps analyzing the usage of social media apps and a review of HCI systems for disaster management and systems for tracking traffic safety violations. Contributions are authored by experts and scientists in the field of HCI and its interrelated disciplines from 9 different countries & Albania China India Indonesia Nigeria Pakistan Spain the United Kingdom and the United States.
Human-Computer Interaction and Beyond: Advances Towards Smart and Interconnected Environments is an informative reference for scientists researchers and developers in both academia and industry who wish to learn design implement and apply these emerging technologies in HCI in different sectors with the goal of realizing futuristic technology-driven living and functional smart cities and environments.
Hydraulic Power Plants: A Textbook for Engineering Students
Hydraulic Power Plants is a textbook for engineering students which explains the construction of hydraulic power plants. The book presents the theory of the working process for each part i.e. the kinematics and molecular dynamics of liquids flowing through hydraulic machines and systems. The information is presented in a simple manner necessary for understanding their operational conditions and basic numerical relationships. The chapters explain concepts with several drawings and charts to aid the reader along with relevant specifications working examples and solved problems which can be applied in designing practice and maintenance of hydroelectric power plants pumping stations and pump installations.
Hydraulic Power Plants emphasizes the need of young engineers to acquire knowledge about efficiency in using the tools for the study and design for components of hydraulic power plants such as turbines pumps and penstocks in a straightforward format making it an ideal reference for introductory hydraulics and mechanical engineering courses.
Hydrotalcite-based Materials: Synthesis, Characterization and Application
Hydrotalcite-based materials characterized by their unique composition are integral to diverse applications in heterogeneous catalysis and beyond. Renowned for their catalytic prowess these compounds serve as versatile bases for organic reactions support structures for metal catalysts and facilitators in organic transformations and water treatment. This comprehensive book introduces readers to hydrotalcite-like compounds with ten chapters exploring variations in metal ion ratios and interlayer anions and their impact on properties crucial for industrial applications (ranging from industrial catalysis to medicine).
Key Features
• Detailed exploration of hydrotalcite and hydrotalcite-like compounds
• Recent trends and applications in industrial catalysis organic synthesis and environmental remediation
• Hydrotalcite synthesis including methods like coprecipitation sol-gel processing and advanced techniques
• Contributions from leading researchers in the field with references
• Comprehensive overview for each topic suitable for both academics and industry professionals
With its exhaustive coverage of hydrotalcite-based materials and their multifaceted applications this book promises to be an indispensable resource for anyone who wants to understand the utilization of hydrotalcites for advanced catalytic processes.
Hypersensitivity to Vitamins
Vitamins are heterogenous bioactive substances required by the human body for its healthy functioning. Vitamins are required through a diet as they are normally not produced by the body. Their deficiency may lead to the development of diseases like scurvy rickets pellagra beri-beri and many others. Vitamins have also been produced synthetically and used in supplements. However they may induce hypersensitivity reactions ranging from an allergic contact dermatitis to urticaria as well as life-threatening anaphylaxis.
Hypersensitivity to Vitamins summarizes knowledge from case reports studies and investigations on hypersensitivity reactions to all types of vitamins (A B C D E and K). Chapters explain the identification diagnosis and management of hypersensitivity reactions to vitamins.
Key Features:
- Provides a general introduction to vitamin allergies
- Covers the major vitamin types: water soluble (B and C) and fat soluble (A D E and K) with chapters dedicated to each type
- Provides information about identification diagnosis and management of the specific hypersensitivity reactions in a clear and concise manner
- Includes a chapter on unusual aspects of vitamin hypersensitivity.
Hypersensitivity to Vitamins is an essential handbook for clinicians nutritionists and pharmacists who want to quickly access information about vitamin allergies. Students of clinical immunology and pharmacology will also be able to learn about the subject.