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Facets of a Smart City: Computational and Experimental Techniques for Sustainable Urban Development
A smart city uses technology to provide services and solve problems to improve urban policy efficiency reduce waste improve quality of life and maximize social inclusion. By 2050 66% of the world's population is expected to be urban which is a key driver of a global trend toward the creation of smart cities. This trend creates many opportunities for urban planning committees to learn how to design modernize and operate smart cities intelligently and effectively.
Facets of a Smart City: Computational and Experimental Techniques for Sustainable Urban Development is a collection of topics that are relevant to the design of a smart city. This book aims to complement technical journal articles that require advanced knowledge of the subject of smart cities and applications for readers. It aims to bridge knowledge gaps in sustainable urban design by providing background information via case studies to facilitate students recent graduates and new practitioners in urban design and planning.
Key Features:
- This book features 9 chapters that cover 6 major domains which include (i) information modelling (ii) internet of things (iii) intelligent transportation systems (iv) water supply (v) waste management and (vi) sustainable environment
- Computational techniques are included in the book. These include artificial neural networks stochastic models particle swarm optimization machine learning and adaptive neuro-fuzzy Inference systems.
- Goals of case studies presented in this book use computational techniques to offer readers examples of supervised unsupervised and reinforcement learning strategies in the context of smart city applications
- References are provided for further reading
Federated learning for Internet of Vehicles: IoV Image Processing, Vision and Intelligent System: Volume 1
Reinventing Technological Innovations with Artificial Intelligence delves into the transformative impact of Augmented and Virtual Reality (AVR) technology across industries. The book explores the merging of real and digital worlds paving the way for personalized experiences in areas such as tourism marketing education and more. With the potential to redefine business practices and societal norms in the era of Industry 4.0 AVR technologies hold untapped potential beyond gaming and entertainment. This volume presents a comprehensive overview of the current landscape challenges and prospects of integrating AVR with Artificial Intelligence (AI) for innovation and sustainability in various domains. The book presents 11 edited chapters contributed by technology and innovation experts that explore applications of AI AR and VR technologies in different sectors in both public and private sectors. The editors have included reviews of technologies that impact human resource management corporate social responsibility healthcare supply chain and criminal investigation. The reviews also highlight the role of AI in sustainable agriculture and smart cities.
Key Features:
Unveils the role of AVR in transforming real surroundings into digitally enhanced personal experiences.
Explores AVR's applications beyond gaming in diverse sectors like marketing construction education and more.
Discusses challenges such as technical limitations high costs and resistance to adopting AVR.
Addresses the need to enhance the reliability and effectiveness of AVR technologies in various industries.
Provides a comprehensive perspective on AI innovations AR and VR technologies with real-world examples.
The book is an informative reference for researchers professionals and experts in technology innovation who are interested in the convergence of Augmented and Virtual Reality with AI for practical applications in diverse industries.
Federated learning for Internet of Vehicles: IoV Image Processing, Vision and Intelligent Systems
This handbook provides a comprehensive understanding of computational linguistics focusing on the integration of deep learning in natural language processing (NLP). 18 edited chapters cover the state-of-the-art theoretical and experimental research on NLP offering insights into advanced models and recent applications.
Highlights:
- Foundations of NLP: Provides an in-depth study of natural language processing including basics challenges and applications.
- Advanced NLP Techniques: Explores recent advancements in text summarization machine translation and deep learning applications in NLP.
- Practical Applications: Demonstrates use cases on text identification from hazy images speech-to-sign language translation and word sense disambiguation using deep learning.
- Future Directions: Includes discussions on the future of NLP including transfer learning beyond syntax and semantics and emerging challenges.
Key Features:
- Comprehensive coverage of NLP and deep learning integration.
- Practical insights into real-world applications
- Detailed exploration of recent research and advancements through 16 easy to read chapters
- References and notes on experimental methods used for advanced readers
Ideal for researchers students and professionals this book offers a thorough understanding of computational linguistics by equipping readers with the knowledge to understand how computational techniques are applied to understand text language and speech.
Fintech, and Blockchains Trends in The Financial Sector
This book presents a review of the transformative impact of fintech and blockchain technologies on the financial industry. The book aims to bridge the gap between technical jargon and practical understanding making it accessible to a wide audience. It begins by introducing fundamental concepts and tracing the evolution of these technologies. Subsequent chapters explore specific applications such as digital payments lending and investment management. The final sections address regulatory challenges security concerns and the future outlook for fintech and blockchain.
Key features of the book include a I) clear and concise explanation of complex technical concepts making them understandable for both industry professionals and general readers ii) real-world case studies and examples to illustrate the practical applications of fintech and blockchain iii) insights into the regulatory environment and potential risks associated with these technologies and iv) a forward-looking perspective on the future of finance
Readers will understand the intricacies of blockchain including its underlying technology smart contracts and potential use cases in the financial sector. It also helps readers to anticipate industry trends.
Food Additives and Human Health
INTRODUCTION
This reference is a detailed guide to the world of food additives commonly used in the food processing and manufacturing industry. Edited by experts in the field invited scholars enrich the book with relevant chapter contributions. Chapters provide readers with knowledge on a broad range of food additives (anti-browning agents essential oils flavour enhancers preservatives stabilizers sweeteners among others) their safe use and a summary of their effects on human health.
Key Features:
- Covers a wide range of natural and synthetic food additives
- Covers health related topics relevant to food additives
- Chapters are organized into specific easy-to-read topics
- Provides bibliographic references for further reading
This book serves a valuable instrument for a broad spectrum of readers: researchers health professionals students food science enthusiasts and working professionals in industry and government regulatory agencies interested in the science of food additives.
Foods for Special Dietary Regimens
Foods for Special Dietary Regimens is an overview of alimentation for people with specific medical conditions. Each of the nine featured chapters describes a recommended diet with special reference to the lifestyle or disease conditions in a specific patient group. The book covers a diverse range of patient groups that have special nutritional requirements including the elderly athletes vegetarians diabetics and phenylketonurics to name a few. Diets for individuals affected by specific diseases such as celiac disease autism dyslipidemia and COVID-19 are also recommended. Readers will gain a broad perspective about special dietary regimens including information about what works and what does not for different patient groups and potential avenues of research in this area.
Key Features:
- 9 chapters organized into a simple reader-friendly format
- guidelines for patient groups on lifestyle
- information for patient groups based on different clinically relevant diseases (including COVID-19)
- information about general concepts and clinical research
- references for further reading
Forensic Odontology: A Handbook for Human Identification
This concise yet comprehensive book provides conceptual knowledge about forensic odontology in medical dental allied and litigation purposes.
Written by authors that are highly knowledgeable experienced and well-established in the field this handbook lucidly explains basic and advanced components of dental forensics beginning with anatomical attributes of the tooth age assessment dental anomalies and moving ahead to DNA fingerprinting from dental pulp disaster victim identification from dentures bite marks and oral autobiography which is a pragmatic approach in identification.
Key features:
- Gives an insight into basic and advanced aspects necessary to become an expert practitioner in forensic dentistry with a focus on how to provide apt evidence and explanations
- Brings out remedial measures for challenges in disaster victim identification which can prove to be very helpful in crisis management
- Provides references for further reading
This book is intended as a handbook for readers who require a basic exposure to forensic dentistry. It will benefit learners and working professionals in forensic medicine clinical settings legal review litigation disaster management and allied roles involved in the criminal justice system.
Fractal Antenna Design using Bio-inspired Computing Algorithms
This book presents research focused on the design of fractal antennas using bio-inspired computing techniques. The authors present designs for fractal antennas having desirable features like size reduction characteristics enhanced gain and improved bandwidths. The research is summarized in six chapters which highlight the important issues related to fractal antenna design and the mentioned computing techniques. Chapters demonstrate several applied concepts and techniques used in the process such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) Genetic Algorithms (GAs) Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO). The work aims to provide cost-effective and efficient solutions to the demand for compact antennas due to the increasing demand for reduced sizes of components in modern wireless communication devices.
A key feature of the book includes an extensive literature survey to understand the concept of fractal antennas their features and design approaches. Another key feature is the systematic approach to antenna design. The book explains how the IE3D software is used to simulate various fractal antennas and how the results can be used to select a design. This is followed by ANN model development and testing for optimization and an exploration of ANN ensemble models for the design of fractal antennas.
The bio-inspired computing techniques based on GA PSO and BFO are developed to find the optimal design of the proposed fractal antennas for the desired applications. The performance comparison of the given computing techniques is also explained to demonstrate how to select the best algorithm for a given bio-inspired design. Finally the book explains how to evaluate antenna designs.
This book is a valuable resource for students (from UG to PG levels) and research scholars undertaking learning modules or projects on microstrip and patch antenna design in communications or electronics engineering courses.
Fractional Calculus: New Applications in Understanding Nonlinear Phenomena
In the last two decades many new fractional operators have appeared often defined using integrals with special functions in the kernel as well as their extended or multivariable forms. Modern operators in fractional calculus have different properties which are comparable to those of classical operators. These have been intensively studied for modelling and analysing real-world phenomena. There is now a growing body of research on new methods to understand natural occurrences and tackle different problems.
This book presents ten reviews of recent fractional operators split over three sections:
- Chaotic Systems and Control (covers the Caputo fractional derivative and a chaotic fractional-order financial system)
- Heat Conduction (covers the Duhamel theorem for time-dependent source terms and the Cattaneo-Hristov model for oscillatory heat transfer)
- Computational Methods and Their Illustrative Applications (covers mathematical analysis for understanding 5 real-word phenomena: HTLV-1 infection of CD4+ T-cells traveling waves rumor-spreading biochemical reactions and the computational fluid dynamics of a non-powered floating object navigating in an approach channel)
This volume is a resource for researchers in physics biology behavioral sciences and mathematics who are interested in new applications of fractional calculus in the study of nonlinear phenomena.
Free Radical Biology of Endocrine, Metabolic and Immune Disorders
This reference explores the science of signaling mechanisms associated with diseases like endocrine metabolic and immune disorders which are linked to oxidative stress-mediated disease mechanisms. The common diseases in these categories include diabetes mellitus and arthritis and conditions defined by inflammation and autoimmunity. These diseases involve metabolic pathways mediated by reactive oxygen species or free radicals. The pathways are targets in the mechanism of drugs that aim to treat related disorders. The book covers key topics in free radical biology that help to understand the nature of the pathways and the pharmacology of the drugs that are designed to target them.
5 chapters elucidate the free radical biology of the diseases.
1. Role of free radical biology in diabetes mellitus
2. Role of GSK3 in the regulation of insulin release and glucose metabolism
3. Regulatory role of NRF2 in rheumatoid arthritis
4. Role of free radical biology in Alzheimer's disease
5. Regulatory role of immune cells mediated antibody on rheumatoid arthritis Key features:
- Elucidates the key biochemical and pharmacological mechanisms that are mediated by free radicals in common endocrine metabolic and immune diseases
- Explains the activation of immunological factors (like RF and ACPA) that trigger inflammation and arthritis
- Covers the role of free radicals in Alzheimer's disease and new interventions that target mitochondrial mechanisms
- Systematically explains the molecular biology of free radicals with the help of schematic diagrams
- Includes references for further reading The accessible and structured text in this reference makes it a suitable resource for all biomedical scientists faculty and postgraduate students in academia and industry.
From Taboo to Wellness: The Facts behind Menopause
Menopause is a significant milestone in a woman's life marking the end of fertility and the start of a new phase. However it can also bring many physical and emotional symptoms such as hot flashes mood changes and a higher risk of osteoporosis and heart disease. Because of these issues dealing with menopause can be a challenge.
From Taboo to Wellness: The Facts behind Menopause is an informative guide to menopause. It provides clarity and accessibility for anyone interested in understanding the topic and wants to deconstruct any myths that surround it with facts. From symptoms to treatments this book covers everything you need to know about menopause in an engaging and easy-to-understand way.
Written with the general reader in mind this book explores the science behind menopause as well as the male andropause and how it differs from the female experience. With insights into Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) and future treatments using stem cells it gives a comprehensive understanding of the options for managing menopause. But that's not all - the book also delves into the fascinating world of menopause in the animal kingdom offering a unique perspective on how different species experience hormonal changes caused by this life-changing event.
Frontiers in Anti-Infective Drug Discovery : Volume 10
Frontiers in Anti-Infective Drug Discovery is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and post-graduate students seeking updated and critically important information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in this field.
The tenth volume of this series features 4 reviews on the following topics:
-Pharmacotherapy of Posterior Segment Ocular Infections
-Discovery and Development of Antimalarial Drug-Resistance Reversal Agents
-Omics Technologies and Anti-Infective Drug Discovery
-Possible Cutaneous Adverse Effects of Anti-Infective Vaccinations
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Drug Discovery: Volume 6
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Drug Discovery is a book series devoted to publishing the latest advances in cardiovascular drug design and discovery. Each volume brings reviews on the biochemistry in-silico drug design combinatorial chemistry high-throughput screening drug targets recent important patents and structure-activity relationships of molecules used in cardiovascular therapy. The book series should prove to be of great interest to all medicinal chemists and pharmaceutical scientists involved in preclinical and clinical research in cardiology.
Volume 6 covers the following topics:
- Cardiovascular effects of ranolazine and the scope for translational research: a current review of literature
- Rho/Rho kinase signaling pathway and disease:
- Hibernation or transformation? Challenges in cardiovascular drug development
- New approaches in P2Y12 receptor blocker drugs use
- Pathophysiological links between diabetes and cardiovascular diseases: at the biochemical and molecular levels
Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - Anti Infectives: Volume 8
Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research – Anti infectives is a book series that brings updated reviews to readers interested in learning about advances in the development of pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of infectious diseases. The scope of the book series covers a range of topics including the chemistry pharmacology molecular biology and biochemistry of natural and synthetic drugs employed in the treatment of infectious diseases. Reviews in this series also include research on multi drug resistance and pre-clinical / clinical findings on novel antibiotics vaccines antifungal agents and antitubercular agents. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research – Anti infectives is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and postgraduate students seeking updated and critically important information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in the field of anti infective drug discovery and epidemiology.
The eighth volume of this series presents comprehensive reviews of interest to readers interested in the treatment of inflammatory diseases new antiviral agents and strategies specific antiprotozoal drugs that work against leishmania and helminths and a study on potential agents against American foulbrood in honey bees. The 7 reviews included in this volume are:
- Monoclonal antibodies as therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases
- Pharmacotherapy of emerging antiviral agents
- Antiviral activity of vitamin D and COVID-19: current understanding
- Anti-infectives to combat leishmaniasis
- Anthelmintic drug discovery: current situation and future perspectives
- Therapeutic targets for emerging Zika virus infection and vaccines in clinical trials
- Agro-industrial waste: new source of raw material for the control of American foulbrood in honey bees
Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - Anti-Allergy Agents: Volume 5
Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - Anti-Allergy Agents is a book series comprising of a selection of updated review articles relevant to the recent development of pharmacological agents used for the treatment of allergies. The scope of the reviews includes clinical trials of anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic drugs drug delivery strategies used to treat specific allergies (such as inflammation asthma and dermatological allergies) lifestyle dependent modes of therapies and the immunological or metabolic mechanisms that are of interest to researchers as targets for new drugs.
The fifth volume of this series brings 5 reviews which cover the following topics:
- Resistin: an irresistible therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases allergy-related disorders and cancer
- Asthma in adults: evaluation prevalence and its clinical management
- Nitrogen-containing heterocycles as anti-allergy agents
- Experimental and clinical studies on the effects of nigella sativa and its constituents on allergic and immunological disorders
- Aspirin desensitization/challenge in patients with cardiovascular diseases: current trends and advances Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research
- Anti-Allergy Agents will be of interest to immunologists and drug discovery researchers interested in anti-allergic drug therapy as the series provides relevant cutting edge reviews written by experts in this rapidly expanding field.
Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - CNS and Neurological Disorders: Volume 10
Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - CNS and Neurological Disorders is a book series that brings updated reviews to readers interested in advances in the development of pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) and other nerve disorders. The scope of the book series covers a range of topics including the medicinal chemistry pharmacology molecular biology and biochemistry of contemporary molecular targets involved in neurological and CNS disorders. Reviews presented in the series are mainly focused on clinical and therapeutic aspects of novel drugs intended for these targets. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - CNS and Neurological Disorders is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and postgraduate students seeking updated and critical information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in the field of neurology.
Volume 10 of the series continues to present novel information about new and interesting approaches to treat common neurological disorders with a focus on neurodegeneration and pain medicine. The volume presents 7 detailed reviews in total.
- Neurodegenerative disease: prevention and treatment through plant extracts therapy
- Emerging novel approaches and recent advances in Parkinson`s disease treatment and diagnosis
- Neurotrophic factors to combat neurodegeneration
- Neural bases of executive function in ADHD children as assessed using FNIRS
- Modulation of mesenchymal stem cells glial cells and the immune system by oligodeoxynucleotides as a novel multi-target therapeutic approach against chronic pain
- Chronic pain: focus on anticonvulsants
- A review of the impact of testosterone on brain and aging-related decline in brain behavioural function
Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - CNS and Neurological Disorders: Volume 12
Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - CNS and Neurological Disorders is a book series that brings updated reviews to readers interested in advances in the development of pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) and other nerve disorders. The scope of the book series covers a range of topics including the medicinal chemistry pharmacology molecular biology and biochemistry of contemporary molecular targets involved in neurological and CNS disorders. Reviews presented in the series are mainly focused on clinical and therapeutic aspects of novel drugs intended for these targets. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - CNS and Neurological Disorders is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and postgraduate students seeking updated and critical information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in neurology and allied disciplines.
The twelfth volume of this series features these reviews:
Chapter 1: Recent Drugs Tested in Clinical Trials for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases Treatment: Current Approaches in Tracking New Drugs
Chapter 2: Neurobiology of Placebo: Interpreting Its Evolutionary Origin Meaning Mechanisms Monitoring and Implications in Therapeutics
Chapter 3: Role of Gut Microbiota in Neuroinflammation and Neurological Disorders
Chapter 4: The Role of Age in Pediatric Tumors of the Central Nervous System
Chapter 5: Drug Repurposing in CNS and Clinical Trials: Recent Achievements and Perspectives Focusing on Epilepsy and Related Comorbidities
Chapter 6: Progress on the Development of Oxime Derivatives as a Potential Antidote for Organophosphorus Poisoning .
Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - Dementia: Volume 2
Among neurodegenerative diseases those that lead to a state of dementia are the aim of several investigations. Dementia is a chronic disease the prevalence of which is increasing worldwide. The number of dementia patients in the world is approximately 50 million and it is estimated that the number of patients will reach 131.5 million by 2050. This increase will be accompanied by a significant increase in medical expenditures and other expenses especially for elderly patients. Therefore the maintenance cost of dementia in the future is expected to be quite high. For this reason several investigations aim firstly to describe the key mechanisms involved in the origin of dementia and secondly to establish preventive and therapeutic strategies in order to understand and mitigate this debilitating pathology.
This volume of Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - Dementia explores the current comorbidities that cause cognitive impairment and the current management alternatives for clinical cases of dementia. The reviews contributed in these volume will provide readers with a current perspective on the subject. The topics covered in this volume include:
- Comorbidities inducing mild cognitive impairment - an evaluation of the risk caused by some pathological conditions
- Tau-targeted therapy in Alzheimer's disease - history and current state
- Emerging nanotherapeutic strategies in Alzheimer's disease
- Implication of dehydroepiandrosterone on dementia related to oxidative stress
- Polyphenol compounds as potential therapeutic agents in Alzheimer’s disease
The volume is a timely update on dementia treatment for clinical physicians neurologists gerontologists pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry researchers and physiologists.
Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - Diabetes and Obesity: Volume 7
Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research – Diabetes and Obesity is a book series that brings updated reviews to readers interested in advances in the development of pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of two metabolic diseases – diabetes and obesity. The scope of the series covers a range of topics including the medicinal chemistry pharmacology molecular biology and biochemistry of natural and synthetic drugs affecting endocrine and metabolic processes linked with diabetes and obesity. Reviews in this series also include research on specific receptor targets and pre-clinical / clinical findings on novel pharmaceutical agents. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research – Diabetes and Obesity is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and postgraduate students seeking updated and critically important information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in the field of diabetes and obesity research.
The seventh volume of this series features 6 reviews on diabetes related topics for both medical specialists and pharmacologists.
- Clinical and diagnostic implications of glycated albumin in diabetes mellitus.
- Development of novel therapeutic groups and bioactive compounds from herbs for diabetes management
- Aspartame as a sugar substitute
- Mental health adherence and self-management among children with diabetes
- Cardioprotective effects of new generation anti-diabetic and lipid-lowering agents
- Epidemiology pathophysiology and treatment of diabesity
Frontiers in Computational Chemistry: Volume 6
Frontiers in Computational Chemistry presents contemporary research on molecular modeling techniques used in drug discovery and the drug development process: computer aided molecular design drug discovery and development lead generation lead optimization database management computer and molecular graphics and the development of new computational methods or efficient algorithms for the simulation of chemical phenomena including analyses of biological activity.
The sixth volume of this series features these six different perspectives on the application of computational chemistry in rational drug design:
- Computer-aided molecular design in computational chemistry
- The role of ensemble conformational sampling using molecular docking and dynamics in drug discovery
- Molecular dynamics applied to discover antiviral agents
- Pharmacophore modeling approach in drug discovery against the tropical infectious disease malaria
- Advances in computational network pharmacology for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) research
- Progress in electronic-structure based computational methods: from small molecules to large molecular systems of biological significance