Nanogel Development and its Importance in Ophthalmic Drug Delivery System

Background: The current review focuses on ophthalmic nanogels, their applications, their benefits over traditional gels, and the challenges and opportunities of nanogels. The major goal is to investigate ophthalmic nanogels from preparation through characterization and how nanogels are the future of the ophthalmic drug delivery system compared to traditional gels, eye drops, and ointments. Objective: Because of the ophthalmic bioavailability, delivery to the eye is crucial. The lacrimal fluid in the eye clears the eye surface, and the ocular sight is washed away as a result of this medicine. The limited ocular bioavailability was also due to the different obstacles present. Drug nano-gelling systems are effective in improving ocular bioavailability and corneal permeation time. Nanoparticles abound in these nanogels. Various natural polymers, such as Chitosan and Alginate, and synthetic polymers, such as PLA and PLGA, can be used to make nanogels. The use of nanotechnology improves medicine bioavailability and penetration in the eye. However, nanotechnology has some limits, such as large-scale manufacturing, restricting medicine doses, and so forth. Conclusion: Nanotechnology offers much clinical potential when it comes to treating eye issues. Although ophthalmic nanogels are suited for effective drug delivery, they must meet several requirements. First, the drug component must be encapsulated adequately in a stable polymer complex. In ocular drug delivery, nanogels are a preferable option since they can improve patient compliance and therapeutic impact. In addition, the nanogel has a faster corneal penetration time and higher bioavailability.