Nanomedicine as a Better Therapeutic Approach: An Overview

The fields of nanotechnology and nanomedicine have undergone a revolution. There has been a striking rise in authorized nanomedicines since 1980. Apart from functioning as therapeutic agents, they also act as carriers for delivering various active pharmaceuticals to target organs. The ultimate goal of nanomedicine has always been the generation of translational technologies that can improve current therapies. Nanocrystals, nanotubes, liposomes, exosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, and metallic and magnetic nanoparticles are examples of nanostructures that are now in the market as well as in ongoing research. The preparation of these nanomaterials requires consideration of a number of difficulties. Only a few of these nanomaterials were successful in obtaining marketing permission after passing all required toxicological and ethical evaluations and making them affordable to users and, at the same time, profitable to investors. Cancer, central nervous system (CNS) diseases, and cardiovascular (CVS) diseases represented the primary targets of nanotechnology applied to medicine. Therefore, this review article is focused on providing a summary of several nano-based delivery systems, including their limitations and prospects in different therapeutic fields.