Skip to content
2000
Volume 15, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 2468-1873
  • E-ISSN: 2468-1881

Abstract

Ever since the invention of liposomes by Bangham in 1963, researchers have been fascinated by the vesicular carriers. Liposomes and niosomes have been used extensively by researchers for various routes such as oral and nasal. However, lately, it has been understood that traditional liposomes are not very significant when it comes to penetration. The use of nanovesicles in transdermal drug delivery systems has been enhanced exponentially ever since the discovery of ultra-deformable liposomes known as transfersomes or transferosomes. Transferosomes have numerous advantages, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, flexibility, and deformability, so that they can pass through narrow constrictions. They have good entrapment efficiency and can act as a depot to sustain the release of drugs. The methods of preparation include the rotary film evaporation method, reverse phase evaporation method, vortexing sonication method, ethanol injection method, and freeze-thaw method. Transfersomes are characterized by particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, surface morphology, and encapsulation efficiency. Transferosomes have been successfully exploited for the enhancement of efficacy of many drugs like Hydroquinone, Itraconazole, Ivabradine, lornoxicam, minoxidil ., transdermal and nasal routes. The technology is easy to scale up. Consequently, it can be inferred that transfersomes are the future of transdermal drug delivery systems.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/cnanom/10.2174/0124681873281058240509114133
2024-05-20
2024-12-25
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. BanghamA.D. Physical structure and behaviour of lipids and lipid enzymes.Adv. Lipid Res.196316510410.1016/B978‑1‑4831‑9937‑5.50008‑914248958
    [Google Scholar]
  2. JainS. UmamaheshwariR.B. BhadraD. JainN.K. Ethosomes: A novel vesicular carrier for enhanced transdermal delivery of an anti-HIV agent.Indian J. Pharm. Sci.2004667281
    [Google Scholar]
  3. SwarnlataS. GunjanJ. ChanchalD.K. ShailendraS. Development of novel herbal cosmetic cream with Curcuma longa extract loaded transfersomes for anti-wrinkle effect.Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.20115810541062
    [Google Scholar]
  4. KumarR. PhilipA. Modified transdermal technologies: Breaking the barriers of drug permeation via skin.Trop. J. Pharm. Res.20076163364410.4314/tjpr.v6i1.14641
    [Google Scholar]
  5. ModiC. BharadiaP. Transfersomes: New dominants for transdermal drug delivery, Am.J. PharmTech Res.2012237191
    [Google Scholar]
  6. VyasS.P. KharR.K. Targeted and controlled drug delivery1st edCBS PublishersDelhi2002
    [Google Scholar]
  7. CevcG. Isothermal lipid phase transitions.Chem. Phys. Lipids1991572-329330710.1016/0009‑3084(91)90082‑M2054910
    [Google Scholar]
  8. SchatzleinA. CevcG. Skin penetration by phospholipids vesicles, Transfersomes as visualized by means of the Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy, in characterization, metabolism, and novel biological applications.AOCS Press1995191209
    [Google Scholar]
  9. VinodK.R. KumarM.S. AnbazhaganS. SandhyaS. SaikumarP. RohitR.T. BanjiD. Critical issues related to transfersomes - novel vesicular system.Acta Sci. Pol. Technol. Aliment.2012111678222230977
    [Google Scholar]
  10. WalveR. BakliwalR. RaneR. PawarP. Transfersomes: A surrogated carrier for transdermal drug delivery system.Int. J. Appl. Biol. Pharm. Technol.201121201214
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Iskandarsyah II. RahmiA.D. PangestiD.M. Comparison of the characteristics of transfersomes and protransfersomes containing azelaic acid.J. Young Pharm.2018102sS11S1510.5530/jyp.2018.2s.3
    [Google Scholar]
  12. JiangT. WangT. LiT. MaY. ShenS. HeB. MoR. Enhanced transdermal drug delivery by transfersome-embedded oligopeptide hydrogel for topical chemotherapy of melanoma.ACS Nano201812109693970110.1021/acsnano.8b0380030183253
    [Google Scholar]
  13. GargV. SinghH. BimbrawhS. SinghS.K. GulatiM. VaidyaY. KaurP. Ethosomes and transfersomes: Principles, perspectives and practices.Curr. Drug Deliv.201714561363327199229
    [Google Scholar]
  14. BanghamA.D. StandishM.M. WatkinsJ.C. Diffusion of univalent ions across the lamellae of swollen phospholipids.J. Mol. Biol.1965131238IN2710.1016/S0022‑2836(65)80093‑65859039
    [Google Scholar]
  15. SinghH.P. UtrejaP. TiwaryA.K. JainS. Elastic liposomal formulation for sustained delivery of colchicine: in vitro characterization and in vivo evaluation of anti-gout activity.AAPS J.2009111546410.1208/s12248‑008‑9078‑819191031
    [Google Scholar]
  16. SzokaF.Jr PapahadjopoulosD. Procedure for preparation of liposomes with large internal aqueous space and high capture by reverse-phase evaporation.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA19787594194419810.1073/pnas.75.9.4194279908
    [Google Scholar]
  17. RaiK. GuptaY. JainA. JainS.K. Transfersomes: self-optimizing carriers for bioactives.PDA J. Pharm. Sci. Technol.200862536237919055232
    [Google Scholar]
  18. KumarA. AddeS. KambleR. Development and characterization of liposomal drug delivery system for nimesulide.Int. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci.201028789
    [Google Scholar]
  19. MaestrelliF. González-RodríguezM.L. RabascoA.M. MuraP. Effect of preparation technique on the properties of liposomes encapsulating ketoprofen–cyclodextrin complexes aimed for transdermal delivery.Int. J. Pharm.20063121-2536010.1016/j.ijpharm.2005.12.04716469460
    [Google Scholar]
  20. HarmitaH. IskandarsyahI. AfifahS.F. Effect of transfersome formulation on the stability and antioxidant activity of N-acetylcysteine in anti-aging cream.Int J App Pharm202012115616210.22159/ijap.2020.v12s1.FF034
    [Google Scholar]
  21. AL ShuwailiA.H. RasoolB.K.A. AbdulrasoolA.A. AlaaA. Optimization of elastic transfersomes formulations for transdermal delivery of pentoxifylline.Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm.2016102February10111410.1016/j.ejpb.2016.02.01326925505
    [Google Scholar]
  22. DwiastutiR. NoegrohatiS. IstyastonoE.P. Marchaban Marchaban. Formulation and physical properties observations of soy lecithin liposome containing 4- n -butylresorcinol.AIP Conf. Proc.2016201616000510.1063/1.4958598
    [Google Scholar]
  23. PiumitaliB. NeerajU. JyotivardhanJ. Transfersomes — A nanoscience in transdermal drug delivery and its clinical advancements.Int. J. Nanosci.2020194195003310.1142/S0219581X19500339
    [Google Scholar]
  24. WuP.S. LiY.S. KuoY.C. TsaiS.J. LinC.C. Preparation and evaluation of novel transfersomes combined with the natural antioxidant resveratrol.Molecules201924360010.3390/molecules2403060030743989
    [Google Scholar]
  25. AvadhaniK.S. ManikkathJ. TiwariM. ChandrasekharM. GodavarthiA. VidyaS.M. HariharapuraR.C. KalthurG. UdupaN. MutalikS. Skin delivery of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and hyaluronic acid loaded nano-transfersomes for antioxidant and anti-aging effects in UV radiation induced skin damage.Drug Deliv.2017241617410.1080/10717544.2016.122871828155509
    [Google Scholar]
  26. BollareddyS.R. KrishnaV. RoyG. DasariD. DharA. VenugantiV.V.K. Transfersome hydrogel containing 5-fluorouracil and etodolac combination for synergistic oral cancer treatment.AAPS PharmSciTech20222327010.1208/s12249‑022‑02221‑z35132496
    [Google Scholar]
  27. CevcG. BlumeG. Hydrocortisone and dexamethasone in very deformable drug carriers have increased biological potency, prolonged effect, and reduced therapeutic dosage.Biochim. Biophys. Acta Biomembr.200416631-2617310.1016/j.bbamem.2004.01.00615157608
    [Google Scholar]
  28. GhanbarzadehS. AramiS. Enhanced transdermal delivery of diclofenac sodium via conventional liposomes, ethosomes, and transfersomes.BioMed Res. Int.201320131710.1155/2013/61681023936825
    [Google Scholar]
  29. ThakurN. JainP. JainV. Formulation development and evaluation of transferosomal gel.J. Drug Deliv. Ther.20188516817710.22270/jddt.v8i5.1826
    [Google Scholar]
  30. PravalikaR. BinduE.H. IswariyaV.T. BattuS. Formulation and evaluation of transferosomes loaded with an anti-hyperlipidemic drug.J. Sci. Res. Rep.2021657110.9734/jsrr/2021/v27i630402
    [Google Scholar]
  31. ShajiJ. LalM. Preparation, optimization and evaluation of transferosomal formulation for enhanced transdermal delivery of a COX-2 inhibitor.Int. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci.20146467477
    [Google Scholar]
  32. JamadarA. PeramR. ChandrasekharN. Formulation, optimization, and evaluation of ultradeformable nanovesicles for effective topical delivery of hydroquinone.J. Pharm. Innov.202218711910.1007/s12247‑022‑09657‑7
    [Google Scholar]
  33. ZhengW. FangX. WangL. ZhangY. Preparation and quality assessment of itraconazole transfersomes.Int. J. Pharm.20124361-229129810.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.07.00322796030
    [Google Scholar]
  34. ShahJ.P. KhanA.I. MauryaR. ShuklaA.K. Formulation development and evaluation of Transferosomal drug delivery for effective treatment of acne.Advance Pharmaceutical Journal201941263410.31024/apj.2019.4.1.4
    [Google Scholar]
  35. VariaU. JoshiD. JadejaM. KatariyaH. DetholiaK. SoniV. Development and evaluation of ultradeformable vesicles loaded transdermal film of boswellic acid.Futur. J. Pharm. Sci.2022813910.1186/s43094‑022‑00428‑2
    [Google Scholar]
  36. JangdeyM.S. GuptaA. SarafS. SarafS. Development and optimization of apigenin-loaded transfersomal system for skin cancer delivery: in vitro evaluation.Artif. Cells Nanomed. Biotechnol.20174571452146210.1080/21691401.2016.124785028050929
    [Google Scholar]
  37. BalataG.F. FaisalM.M. ElghamryH.A. SabryS.A. Preparation and characterization of ivabradine HCl transfersomes for enhanced transdermal delivery.J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol.20206010192110.1016/j.jddst.2020.101921
    [Google Scholar]
  38. SinghS. KanereM. JainA. MehtaP. Formulation development and evaluation of transfersomes of econazole for effective fungal treatment.Int. J. Adv. Sci. Res.20211203 Suppl 19610110.55218/JASR.s1202112310
    [Google Scholar]
  39. SaitejaswiR SwapnaS Madhu BabuA VasudhaB. Formulation and evaluation of lornoxicam loaded transfersome gelFormulation and evaluation of lornoxicam loaded transfersome gelEJBPS2016331144150
    [Google Scholar]
  40. KanshideA. PeramR. ChandrasekharN. Formulation, optimization, and antioxidant evaluation of tetrahydrocurcumin-loaded ultradeformable nanovesicular cream.J. Pharm. Innov.20221898099810.1007/s12247‑022‑09696‑0
    [Google Scholar]
  41. RamezaniV. HonarvarM. SeyedabadiM. KarimollahA. RanjbarA.M. HashemiM. Formulation and optimization of transfersome containing minoxidil and caffeine.J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol.20184412913510.1016/j.jddst.2017.12.003
    [Google Scholar]
  42. ChaudhariP. LokhandeS. Formulation and evaluation of nabumetone loaded transfersomal gel.IJPSR202314313001311
    [Google Scholar]
  43. ShashiT AbdulN PrakashG AnkitA VinayH ShruthiN Formulation and evaluation of dexamethasone loaded transfersomal gel by modified hand shaking method.WJPPS20198811811194
    [Google Scholar]
  44. MahmoodS. ChatterjeeB. MandalU.K. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of the synergistic effect of raloxifene loaded transfersomes for transdermal delivery.J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol.20216310254510.1016/j.jddst.2021.102545
    [Google Scholar]
  45. DuangjitS. OpanasopitP. RojanarataT. NgawhirunpatT. Evaluation of meloxicam-loaded cationic transfersomes as transdermal drug delivery carriers.AAPS PharmSciTech201314113314010.1208/s12249‑012‑9904‑223242556
    [Google Scholar]
  46. MarwahH. GargT. RathG. GoyalA.K. Development of transferosomal gel for trans-dermal delivery of insulin using iodine complex.Drug Deliv.20162351636164410.3109/10717544.2016.115524327187718
    [Google Scholar]
  47. SalemH.F. KharshoumR.M. Abou-TalebH.A. NaguibD.M. Nanosized transferosome-based intranasal in situ gel for brain targeting of resveratrol: formulation, optimization, in vitro evaluation, and in vivo pharmacokinetic study.AAPS PharmSciTech201920518110.1208/s12249‑019‑1353‑831049748
    [Google Scholar]
  48. RabiaS. KhaleeqN. BatoolS. DarM.J. KimD.W. DinF.U. KhanG.M. Rifampicin-loaded nanotransferosomal gel for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis: Passive targeting via topical route.Nanomedicine202015218320310.2217/nnm‑2019‑032031916472
    [Google Scholar]
  49. RasheedM.S. AnsariS.F. ShahzadiI. Formulation, characterization of glucosamine loaded transfersomes and in vivo evaluation using papain induced arthritis model.Sci. Rep.20221211981310.1038/s41598‑022‑23103‑136396950
    [Google Scholar]
  50. AhadA. Al-SalehA.A. Al-MohizeaA.M. Al-JenoobiF.I. RaishM. YassinA.E.B. AlamM.A. Formulation and characterization of novel soft nanovesicles for enhanced transdermal delivery of eprosartan mesylate.Saudi Pharm. J.20172571040104610.1016/j.jsps.2017.01.00629158713
    [Google Scholar]
  51. OpathaS.A.T. TitapiwatanakunV. BoonpisutiinantK. ChutoprapatR. Preparation, characterization and permeation study of topical gel loaded with transfersomes containing asiatic acid.Molecules20222715486510.3390/molecules2715486535956816
    [Google Scholar]
  52. QushawyM. NasrA. Abd-AlhaseebM. SwidanS. Design, optimization and characterization of a transfersomal gel using miconazole nitrate for the treatment of candida skin infections.Pharmaceutics20181012610.3390/pharmaceutics1001002629473897
    [Google Scholar]
  53. AhmedT.A. Preparation of transfersomes encapsulating sildenafil aimed for transdermal drug delivery: Plackett–Burman design and characterization.J. Liposome Res.201525111010.3109/08982104.2014.95027625148294
    [Google Scholar]
  54. NayakD. TawaleR.M. AranjaniJ.M. TippavajhalaV.K. Formulation, optimization and evaluation of novel ultra-deformable vesicular drug delivery system for an anti-fungal drug.AAPS PharmSciTech202021514010.1208/s12249‑020‑01681‑532419032
    [Google Scholar]
  55. SalimiA. SharifB. NazarianA. EsfahaniG. Formulation, characterization and in vitro/ex-vivo evaluation of trolamine salicylate - loaded transfersomes as transdermal drug delivery carriers.Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Res.20189937253731
    [Google Scholar]
  56. AbdelmonemR. HamedR.R. AbdelhalimS.A. ElMiligiM.F. El-NabarawiM.A. Formulation and characterization of cinnarizine targeted aural transfersomal gel for vertigo treatment: A pharmacokinetic study on rabbits.Int. J. Nanomedicine2020156211622310.2147/IJN.S25876432904111
    [Google Scholar]
  57. MazharD. HaqN.U. ZeeshanM. AinQ.U. AliH. KhanS. KhanS.A. Preparation, characterization, and pharmacokinetic assessment of metformin HCl loaded transfersomes co-equipped with permeation enhancer to improve drug bioavailability via transdermal route.J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol.20238410444810.1016/j.jddst.2023.104448
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/cnanom/10.2174/0124681873281058240509114133
Loading
/content/journals/cnanom/10.2174/0124681873281058240509114133
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test