Current Diabetes Reviews - Volume 21, Issue 1, 2025

IntroductionThe liver and kidneys are the primary locations of the glutathione metabolism enzyme gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT). The two main factors contributing to an increase are hepatic illnesses and excessive alcohol use. This study set out to test a theory on the predictive importance of the association between GGT and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. (T2DM).MethodsIn order to do this, we combed through PubM Read More

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease caused by CD4+ and CD8+ that are activated via CD3+ cells and finally lead to the macrophages destroying the beta cells in the pancreas thereby causing diabetes. The anti-CD3 humanized monoclonal antibody was approved on 17th November 2022 by the United States Food Drug Administration (USFDA) with the name teplizumab and the brand name TZIELD. Th Read More

IntroductionNeonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is characterized by severe hyperglycemia, usually diagnosed in the first few months of an individual’s life. It is a genetic disease and one of the main forms of monogenic diabetes. Changes in different genes have already been associated with NDM, including changes in the gene PDX1.MethodsIn this review, we intend to summarize all neonatal diabetes cases caused by PDX1 mutatio Read More

AimThe study aimed to compare the effectiveness of oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) as monotherapy, dual and quadruple therapy for glycemic control (GC) and glycemic variability (GV) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) using flash glucose monitoring system (FGM).BackgroundDiabetes management largely relies on HbA1c monitoring. Glycemic variability has been an evolving glycemic target for preventing complications Read More

Diabetic nephropathy (DN), the leading cause of end-stage renal disease, has no definite treatment so far. In fact, a combination of metabolic, hemodynamic, and immunological factors are involved in the pathogenesis of DN; therefore, effective disease management requires a holistic approach to all predisposing contributors. Due to the recent findings about the role of inflammation in the initiation and progression of ki Read More

IntroductionThe prevalence of type 2 diabetes is on a rapid rise in Tanzania, driven by lifestyle modifications, nutritional changes, and increased obesity rates. This article reviews the epidemiology, and disease trends of type 2 diabetes in Tanzania and explores the economic implications and challenges in care, including policy, education, and healthcare systems.MethodologyThe study employs a narrative literature review fro Read More

IntroductionFuture demographic changes will increase the number of people living with non-communicable diseases. We projected the number of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in 2035 and 2050 at the global and country levels.MethodsWe pooled T2DM prevalence estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study and population estimates from the United Nations for 188 countries. We computed the absolute nu Read More

BackgroundHypoglycemia is an acute episode that can lead to death in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). This condition is preventable with patient education, and identifying factors influencing their occurrence is essential to creating effective and efficient education. It also leads to prevention and control by re-organizing the service system and diabetes policies. This study aimed to determine factors contributing to Read More

Gut microbiota refers to the population of trillions of microorganisms present in the human intestine. The gut microbiota in the gastrointestinal system is important for an individual’s good health and well-being. The possibility of an intrauterine colonization of the placenta further suggests that the fetal environment before birth may also affect early microbiome development. Various factors influence the gut microbiota. Dy Read More

The utilization of nanotechnology-based herbal medication delivery systems is gaining attention as a novel approach to treating diabetes mellitus. The incorporation of nanotechnology into herbal medicine provides benefits such as enhanced Stability, solubility, and bioavailability of herbal medications. The purpose of this paper is to summarise the present status of research on herbal medicine delivery systems based on na Read More

BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered a global health challenge with increasing prevalence in recent years. One of the key elements in managing T2DM patients is controlling their lipid profile. Recent studies suggest microbiome-targeted therapy (MTT) as a treatment strategy for enhancing lipid profiles in these patients.ObjectiveThe current study aimed to investigate the impact of MTT on lipid indices Read More

Flavonoids have been reported to be vital in treating various chronic disorders. Luteolin (3′,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone) is a flavonoid present in a variety of plant sources such as celery, green pepper, olive oil, peppermint, thyme, rosemary, oregano, etc. It has been reported to have various pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-Alzheimer, antimicrobial, etc. Many scien Read More