Current Diabetes Reviews - Volume 21, Issue 4, 2025

Cell culture plays a crucial role in addressing fundamental research questions, particularly in studying insulin resistance (IR) mechanisms. Multiple in vitro models are utilized for this purpose, but their technical distinctions and relevance to in vivo conditions remain unclear. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of existing in vitro models in inducing IR and their ability to replicate in vivo IR conditions.BackgroundInsulin resi Read More

BackgroundDiabetes mellitus and depression are comorbidities that can be caused by each other. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) functions as a neuronal growth factor. It maintains the functional integrity of the nervous system.AimTo study the possible association between BDNF levels and gene polymorphism with depression in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus.MethodsThe Elisa technique me Read More

BackgroundThe incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is dramatically increasing worldwide, and it is expected to affect 700 million cases by 2045. Diabetes influences health care economics, human quality of life, morbidity, and mortality, which were primarily seen extensively in developing countries. Uncontrolled DM, which results in consistent hyperglycemia, may lead to severe life-threatening complications such as nephro Read More

The role of 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1) has been well-documented in the development of diabetes. This review offers a thorough examination of its composition and associated routes, specifically focusing on insulin signaling and glucose processing. By examining the precise connection between PDK1 and diabetes, various strategies specifically targeting PDK1 were also investigated. Additionally, recent discov Read More

Dementia is the primary cause of disability and dependence among the elderly population worldwide. The population living with dementia is anticipated to double in the next 17 years. Recent studies show the fact that compared to people without diabetes, people with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) have about a 60% increased chance of developing dementia. In addition to cholinergic function being downregulated, improper in Read More

Several epidemiological studies have appreciated the impact of “duration” and “level” of hyperglycemia on the initiation and development of chronic complications of diabetes. However, glycemic profiles could not fully explain the presence/absence and severity of diabetic complications. Genetic issues and concepts of “hyperglycemic memory” have been introduced as additional influential factors involved in the pathobiol Read More

In light of the escalating global concern surrounding diabetes mellitus, contemporary medical practices predominantly hinge on pharmaceutical interventions, accompanied by inherent side effects and enduring limitations. This investigation accentuates a discernible research void regarding the amalgamation of Ayurvedic principles an age-old traditional medical system with prevalent approaches to diabetes management. D Read More

Cardiovascular complications are a primary focus in the clinical management of type 2 diabetes, as they are the leading causes of disability and mortality in individuals with diabetes. Insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction commonly coexist in diabetic patients. An increasing body of research indicates a reciprocal and interconnected association between endothelial function and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance ca Read More