Protein and Peptide Letters - Current Issue

Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatments currently available have ineffective results. Previously employed Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors and memantine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, target a single target structure that plays a complex role in the multifactorial progression of disease. Memantine moderates the toxic effects of excessive glutamate activity by blocking NMDA receptors, which decreases neurotoxicity in A Read More

With the emergence of the precision medicine era, targeting specific proteins has emerged as a pivotal breakthrough in tumor diagnosis and treatment. Apurinic/apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1 (APE1) is a multifunctional protein that plays a crucial role in DNA repair and cellular redox regulation. This article comprehensively explores the fundamental mechanisms of APE1 as a multifunctional enzyme in biology, with par Read More

BackgroundMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a significant and prevalent pathogen that poses a major challenge in healthcare environments. In light of the growing threat posed by multidrug-resistant organisms like MRSA, there is an urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. One promising avenue of research involves the use of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). These naturally occurring molecules, w Read More

IntroductionThe progression of type 2 diabetes in humans appears to be linked to the loss of insulin-producing β-cells. One of the major contributors to β-cell loss is the formation of toxic human IAPP amyloid (hIAPP, Islet Amyloid Polypeptide, amylin) in the pancreas. Inhibiting the formation of toxic hIAPP amyloid could slow, if not prevent altogether, the progression of type 2 diabetes. Many non-human organisms also express a Read More

ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify novel proteins involved in retinoic acid (RA)-induced embryonic cleft palate development.MethodsThe palate tissues of the control and RA-treated E14.5 were dissected and subjected to iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis.ResultsDifferential expression analysis identified 196 significantly upregulated and 149 downregulated considerably proteins in RA-induced palate tissues. Comprehensive Gene Read More

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore whether excessive HIF2α can amplify the impact of human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles (hUC-MSC-EVs) on endothelial cells.MethodsIn this study, we created HIF2α-overexpressing hUC-MSC-EVs and compared their pro-angiogenic effects with control EVs on Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs). MTT assay and Edu staining were used to d Read More

BackgroundCholelithiasis is the most prevalent inflammatory condition of the gallbladder. The regulation of biological processes, including energy homeostasis, and control of body weight are key mechanisms that the leptin and melanocortin pathways play a role in Cholelithiasis is the most prevalent inflammatory condition of the gallbladder. There are various risk factors for the development of gallstone disease, especially Read More