Skip to content
2000
  1. Home
  2. A-Z Publications
  3. Protein and Peptide Letters
  4. Fast Track Listing

Protein and Peptide Letters - Online First

Description text for Online First listing goes here...

6 results

    • Exploring the Regulatory Interaction of Differentially Expressed Proteins in Cleft Palate Induced by Retinoic Acid

      https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298665308502240820115618
      Available online: 25 October 2024
      Objective

      This study aimed to identify novel proteins involved in retinoic acid (RA)-induced embryonic cleft palate development.

      Method

      The palate tissues of the control and RA-treated E14.5 were dissected and subjected to iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis.

      Results

      Differential expression analysis identified 196 significantly upregulated and 149 downregulated considerably proteins in RA-induced palate tissues. Comprehensive Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis revealed the significant involvement of cytoplasmic translation, ribosome biogenesis, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and glutathione metabolism pathways in cleft palate pathogenesis triggered by RA. In particular, ribosome-related pathways were highly enriched, while glycolysis was disrupted. Protein-protein interaction analysis, facilitated by the STRING database, revealed a tightly interconnected network of differentially expressed proteins. Further analysis using the cytoHubba plugin in Cytoscape identified ten hub proteins, including Eif4a1, Gapdh, Eno1, Imp3, Rps20, Rps27a, Eef2, Hsp90ab1, Rpl19, and Rps16, indicating their potential roles in RA-induced cleft palate development, and thus positioning them as potential biomarkers for cleft palate.

      Conclusion

      These findings provide valuable insights into the proteomic changes associated with RA-induced cleft palate and shed light on key pathways and proteins that can contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of this congenital condition.

    • Immunoproteomics: Approach to Diagnostic and Vaccine Development

      https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298665342261240912105111
      Available online: 25 October 2024

      The study of large protein sets (proteomics) involved in the immunological reaction is known as immunoproteomics. The methodology of immunoproteomics plays a major role in identifying possible vaccine candidates that could protect against pathogenic infection. The study of immunogenic proteins that are expressed during the outset of infection is the focus of the cross-talk between proteomics and immune protection antigens utilizing serum. Peptide presentation by MHC provides the new ‘window’ into changes that occur in the cell. Thus, there is strong, intense pressure on the pathogen that has been mutated in such an unusual manner that it can bypass the MHC peptide presentation by the MHC molecule. The pathogen's ability to evade the immune system is strongly restricted by the two unique distinct properties of MHC molecules, , polygenic and polymorphic properties. MHC-I restriction epitope identification has traditionally been accomplished using genetic motif prediction. The study of immune system proteins and their interactions is the main emphasis of the specialist field of immunoproteomics within proteomics. Methodologies include mass spectrometry (MS), SRM assay, MALDI-TOF, Chromatography, ELISA, 2DG PAGE, and bioinformatics tools. Challenges are the complexity of the immune system, protein abundance and dynamics, sample variability, post-translational modifications (PTMs), and data integration. Current advancements are enhanced mass spectrometry techniques, single-cell proteomics, artificial intelligence and machine learning, advanced protein labeling techniques, integration with other omics technologies, and functional proteomics. However, the recently emerging field of immunoproteomics has more promising possibilities in the field of peptide-based vaccines and virus-like particle vaccines. The importance of immunoproteomics technologies and methodologies, as well as their use in the field of vaccinomics, are the main topics of this review. Here, we have discussed immunoproteomics in relation to a step towards the future of vaccination.

    • The Present State and Impact of AI-Driven Computational Tools for Predicting Plant Protein Structures

      https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298665335283241003092139
      Available online: 23 October 2024

      Several key functions of plants, such as photosynthesis, nutrient transport, disease resistance, and abiotic tolerance, are manifested by several classes of proteins. Prediction of 3-dimensional (3-D) structures of proteins and their working mechanisms can have a profound impact on plant proteomics research and could help improve key agricultural traits in crop plants. This review aims to present the current status of plant protein structure determination and discuss the way forward. Most experimentally proven protein structures are available only for the model plant . Most of the key crop plants have only a few hundred or fewer experimentally proven 3-D structures. Fewer than 1% of the protein sequences in the majority of plants have had their 3D structures experimentally determined, and is the sole plant with the highest percentage of 1.4% of protein sequences with experimentally determined structures. AI-based protein structure prediction tool AlphaFold has predicted models of several thousand proteins for many crop plants. In AlphaFold predicted protein models, soybean has the highest percentage (65%) of its UniProt protein sequences with predicted models, and a few other crop plants have also a considerable percentage of its UniProt sequences with AlphaFold predicted models. AlphaFold might help predict models and bridge the gap in plant structure determination studies. Protein structure information might lead to engineering key residues to improve the agronomical performance of crop plants.

    • Neuropeptide Network of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome – A Review

      https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298665309949240822105900
      Available online: 11 September 2024
      Background

      Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), the ubiquitous reproductive disorder, has been documented as highly prevalent (6-9%) in India. 10% of women globally are predicted to have the disease. The highly mutable endocrinopathy, with differential clinical criteria for each diagnosis of PCOS, can mask the severity of the syndrome by influencing the incidence and occurrence of PCOS.

      Area Covered

      When there is a solid theoretical hypothesis between the neuroendocrine origin and ovarian origin of PCOS, recent evidence supports the neuroendocrine derivation of the pathology. It is considered of neuroendocrine basis – as it controls the ovarian axis and acts as a delicate target because it possesses receptors for various gonadal hormones, neurotransmitters & neuropeptides. Can these neuroendocrine alterations, variations in central brain circuits, and neuropeptide dysregulation be the tie that would link the pathophysiology of the disorder, the occurrence of all the 1˚ and 2˚ symptoms like polycystic ovaries, hyperandrogenism, obesity, insulin resistance, in PCOS?

      Conclusion

      This review anticipates providing a comprehensive overview of how neuropeptides such as Kisspeptin, Neurokinin B, Dynorphin A, β-Endorphin, Nesfatin, Neuropeptide Y, Phoenixin, Leptin, Ghrelin, Orexin, and Neudesin influence PCOS, the understanding of which may help to establish potential drug candidates against precise targets in these central circuits.

    • Insights into the Evolutionary Dynamics: Characterization of Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase Proteins in the Venom Gland Transcriptome of the Scorpion

      https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298665321842240819073453
      Available online: 04 September 2024
      Background

      The Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase (ADAM) family, also known as the metalloproteinase/disintegrin/cysteine-rich (MDC) proteins, includes both secreted and transmembrane molecules involved in critical biological processes, such as cell migration, adhesion, and signaling. This study aimed to investigate the evolutionary relationships and structural characteristics of disintegrin and metalloproteinase proteins identified in the venom gland transcriptome of the scorpion .

      Methods

      Using bioinformatics tools, we analyzed the open reading frame, conserved motifs, and primary, secondary, and tertiary structures of these proteins. Five proteins, named HLDisMet1, HLDisMet2, HLDisMet3, HLDisMet4, and HLDisMet5, were identified. Their predicted 3-D structures were within normal ranges (Z-score between -4 to -9).

      Results

      Phylogenetic analysis revealed that HLDisMet1 shares similarities with proteins from various spider species ( , , , and iensis), HLDisMet2 with the scorpion, HLDisMet4 with the scorpion, and HLDisMet5 with several snake species ( , , , and ).

      Conclusion

      These findings highlight the significant similarities between HLDisMet proteins and those found in other venomous species, suggesting a complex and diverse evolutionary pathway for venom components. The cross-species conservation observed may indicate a convergent evolutionary strategy, where different species independently develop similar venom components to adapt to similar ecological niches or prey types. This study highlights the evolutionary significance of venom diversification and its potential applications in understanding venom biology across different species.

Most Cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test