Current Pharmaceutical Design - Volume 27, Issue 42, 2021

Proteins and hormones have a wide range of therapeutic uses that have emerged throughout the years. The increase in their clinical application nowadays has outgrown the need to deliver these macromolecules without deterioration. This is where the nasal route of delivery has proven to be the most helpful tool in providing ease of administration. Despite the obstacles, smart polymers, nasal enhancers, nanotechnology-base Read More

Surfactants are amphiphilic molecules of great interest in the pharmaceutical field which are used in combination with other adjuvants to solubilize poorly soluble drugs, improve their dissolution profile, promote permeation, improve drug delivery, enhance stabilization, among other characteristics. Literature shows that surfactants are included in several pharmaceutical compositions: tablets, solid dispersions, emulsi Read More

The skin provides a protective barrier against toxic environments and also offers a valuable route for topical drug delivery. The stratum corneum (SC) is the outermost layer of the skin and serves as the major barrier to chemical transfer through the skin. The human skin barrier is particularly difficult to overcome because of the complex composition and structure of the SC. Nanoparticulate carriers have gained widespread att Read More

Skin being the largest external organ, offers an appealing procedure for transdermal drug delivery, so the drug needs to reach above the outermost layer of the skin, i.e., stratum corneum. Small molecular drug entities obeying the Lipinski rule, i.e., drugs having a molecular weight less than 500 Da, high lipophilicity, and optimum polarity, are favored enough to be used on the skin as therapeutics. Skin's barrier propertie Read More

Background: Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) release from Gram-negative bacteria and are interesting alternatives that can replace those vaccines that contain naturally incorporated bacterial surface antigens, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and outer membrane proteins (OMPs). Nanoparticles can be used to encapsulate vesicles for slow release and prevent macromolecular degradation. Objective: Therefore, enc Read More