Current Pharmaceutical Design - Volume 24, Issue 1, 2018

Different anesthesia methods can variably influence excitotoxic lesion effects on the brain. The main purpose of this review is to identify potential differences in the toxicity to nervous system cells of two common inhalation anesthesia methods, isoflurane and sevoflurane, used in combination with an excitotoxic lesion procedure in rodents. The use of bioassays in animal models has provided the opportunity to examine the role Read More

The use of systematic approach for the analysis of mechanism of action of drugs at different levels of biological organization of organisms is an important task in experimental and clinical pharmacology for drug designing and increasing the efficacy and safety of drugs. The analysis of published data on pharmacological effects of psychotropic drugs possessing immunomodulatory and/or antiviral properties have shown Read More

Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) are characterized by the progressive loss of structure or neuron function, often associated with neuronal death. Treatments for neurodegenerative diseases only address symptoms without having any disease-modifying effect but serious side effects. Currently, there is no effective treatment for NDDs. This is due to the poor flow of drugs to the blood-barrier brain (BBB) which does not Read More

The effects of physical exercise on cerebral function have been reported in various research studies, thereby leading to better understanding of the brain's cellular mechanisms related to adaptations concerning physical exercise and the different cell responses which become compromised regarding chronic mechanisms. Relearning patterns of movement may thus be an alternative clinical approach affecting cognition and b Read More

Graphene, with its outstanding electrical properties, large surface area, and excellent mechanical properties, is found in a wide variety of applications in biomimetic substrates and biomedicine, with the result that there is growing interest in the effect of graphene-based nanomaterials on neural cells. This review sums up current research on the effectiveness of graphene and its derivatives on neural cells. We emphasiz Read More

Background: The MERS-CoV is a novel human coronavirus causing respiratory syndrome since April 2012. The replication of MERS-CoV is mediated by ORF 1ab and viral gene activity can be modulated by RNAi approach. The inhibition of virus replication has been documented in cell culture against multiple viruses by RNAi approach. Currently, very few siRNA against MERS-CoV have been computationally designed and publis Read More

T-cell therapy using genetically engineered T cells modified with either T cell receptor or chimeric antigen receptor holds great promise for cancer immunotherapy. The concerns about its toxicities still remain despite recent successes in clinical trials. Temporal and spatial control of the engineered therapeutic T cells may improve the safety profile of these treatment regimens. To achieve these goals, numerous approach Read More

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a highly prevalent condition that causes significant morbidity and mortality in the United States and worldwide. Conventional therapies include lifestyle modification, oral pharmacological agents, and subcutaneous insulin. Emerging data suggest that natural approaches to the treatment of DM may help supplement current therapies for further glycemic control. Herein, we review the evidenc Read More