Current Pharmaceutical Design - Volume 24, Issue 3, 2018

Background: The term inflammatory joint disease (IJD) includes a group of chronic conditions, particularly rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), with predominant joint involvement and increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) complications and premature mortality. Objective: The study aims to review of the most relevant CV manifestations from clinical point of view associated w Read More

Inflammation plays a significant role in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Patients with chronic inflammatory diseases are at increased risk of CVD, but it is debated whether this association is causal or dependent on shared risk factors, other exposures, genes, and/or inflammatory pathways. The current review summarizes epidemiological, clinical, and experimental data supporting the role of shared i Read More

In the last decades, the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis has been the topic of intense research. Several markers of inflammation have shown predictive value for first and recurrent coronary events in patients without and with established Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). Among these markers, lipoprotein- associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) has recently received considerable attention. In the pr Read More

Epicardial adipose tissue is not only a specific adipose tissue depot but also an active endocrine organ producing numerous substances with an important role in the development of obesity-related heart diseases. It is located between myocardium and visceral pericardium and consists predominantly of adipocytes, immunocompetent cells, ganglia and interconnecting nerve branches. Several studies documented a positi Read More

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a cardiac dysrhythmia commonly seen in clinical practice especially after cardiac surgery. It is associated with increased morbidity and mortality for the patients. The pathogenesis of AF is not exactly understood yet, but there is growing data about the relationship between AF and inflammation. Cardiac surgery itself is a big source for inflammation. It causes major surgical trauma, ischemia/reperfu Read More

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) represents the most common inflammatory rheumatic disease of the elderly. It is characterized by synovitis of proximal joints and extra-articular synovial structures, along with chronic high-grade systemic inflammation. PMR is closely related to giant cell arteritis (GCA), a large–vessel vasculitis that involves the major branches of the aorta, particularly the extracranial branches of carotid a Read More

Recently, numerous studies have found that particulate matter (PM) exposure is correlated with increased hospitalization and mortality from heart failure (HF). In addition to problems with circulation, HF patients often display high expression of cytokines in the failing heart. Thus, as a recurring heart problem, HF is thought to be a disorder characterized in part by the inflammatory response. In this review, we intend to discuss th Read More

Renal and cardiac function are greatly affected by chronic oxidative stress which can cause many pathophysiological states. The Na/K-ATPase is well-described as an ion pumping enzyme involved in maintaining cellular ion homeostasis; however, in the past two decades, extensive research has been done to understand the signaling function of the Na/K-ATPase and determine its role in physiological and pathophysiological sta Read More

The morbidity of myocarditis demonstrates an upward tendency by years, is commonly defined as the inflammation of myocytes and is caused by multiple factors. With the development of the molecular biological technique, great breakthroughs in the diagnosis and understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms of myocarditis have recently been achieved. Several questions remain unresolved, however, including s Read More