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- Volume 19, Issue 2, 2013
Current Pharmaceutical Design - Volume 19, Issue 2, 2013
Volume 19, Issue 2, 2013
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β-lactamase-mediated Resistance: A Biochemical, Epidemiological and Genetic Overview
Authors: Gabriel O. Gutkind, Jose Di Conza, Pablo Power and Marcela RadiceEarly after the introduction of the first (narrow spectrum) penicillins into clinical use, penicillinase-producing staphylococci replaced (worldwide) the previously susceptible microorganisms. Similarly, the extensive use of broad-spectrum, orally administered β- lactams (like ampicillin, amoxicillin or cefalexin) provided a favorable scenario for the selection of gram-negative microorganisms producing broad spectrum β-lactamases al Read More
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Mechanisms of β-lactam Resistance Among Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Daniel J. Wolter and Philip D. ListerTreatment of serious P. aeruginosa infections becomes more challenging with each passing year. As this pathogen acquires more transferrable resistance mechanisms and continues to rapidly adapt and emerge resistant during the course of antimicrobial therapy, we face the growing threat of pan-resistance. This review has focused on those mechanisms that directly impact the future of β-lactam antibiotics, including the pro Read More
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The Rise of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Benjamin A. Evans, Ahmed Hamouda and Sebastian G.B. AmyesAcinetobacter spp. are Gram-negative bacteria that have become one of the most difficult pathogens to treat. The species A. baumannii, largely unknown 30 years ago, has risen to prominence particularly because of its ability to cause infections in immunocompromised patients. It is now a predominant pathogen in many hospitals as it has acquired resistance genes to virtually all antibiotics capable of treating Gram-negativ Read More
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β-lactam Resistance in Gram-negative Pathogens Isolated from Animals
By Darren TrottAlthough β-lactams remain a cornerstone of veterinary therapeutics, only a restricted number are actually approved for use in food-producing livestock in comparison to companion animals and wildlife. Nevertheless, both registered and off-label use of third and fourth-generation cephalosporins in livestock may have influenced the emergence of plasmid-encoded AmpC β-lactamases (pAmpC) (mainly CMY-2) and C Read More
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Detection of Gram-Negative β-Lactamase Producing Pathogens in the Clinical Lab
More LessPathogens that produce extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases, and carbapenemases may appear falsely susceptible to β-lactam antibiotics in the laboratory. Infected patients may be treated with inappropriate antibiotics if laboratories do not perform accurate tests to detect these resistance mechanisms. Furthermore the resistant pathogens may spread undetected to amplify Read More
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Enterobacteriaceae that Produce Extended-spectrum β-lactamases and AmpC β-lactamases in the Community: The Tip of the Iceberg?
More LessEscherichia coli remains one of the most frequent causes of nosocomial and community-acquired bacterial infections including urinary tract infections, enteric infections, and systemic infections in humans. Extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli or ExPEC had emerged during the 2000s as an important player in the resistance to antibiotics, especially to the cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. Most importantly among ExPEC, i Read More
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The Need for New Antimalarial Drugs Less Prone to Resistance
By Harald NoedlAlthough reports of antimalarial drug resistance emerged as early as 1910 from South America, the first event that really had a major impact on malaria control and drug development was the emergence of chloroquine resistance in the 2nd half of the 20th century. The appearance of resistance to chloroquine has marked the onset of a race between the development of ever new generations of antimalarial drugs and t Read More
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Antimalarial Drug Resistance and Early Drug Discovery
Authors: Jose F. Garcia-Bustos and Francisco-Javier GamoThe malaria parasite has been allowed to get perilously close to winning the upper hand in the race between new drugs and resistance development. Today, just one class of drugs is left to avoid a public health disaster of global proportions, the artemisinins, and even they are showing signs of a possible impending failure. Rational approaches to overcoming antimalarial drug resistance are difficult for several re Read More
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Plasmodium Drug Targets Outside the Genetic Control of the Parasite
More LessDrug development often seeks to find “magic bullets” which target microbiologic proteins while not affecting host proteins. Paul Ehrlich tested methylene blue as an antimalarial but this dye was not superior to quinine. Many successful antimalarial therapies are “magic shotguns” which target many Plasmodium pathways with little interference in host metabolism. Two malaria drug classes, the 8- aminoquinolines and the Read More
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Targeting Host Factors to Circumvent Anti-Malarial Drug Resistance
Authors: Miguel Prudencio and Maria M. MotaThe most common treatments for infectious diseases target the invading pathogen. The efficacy of such an approach may, however, be countered by the possibility of the development of resistance to a pharmacophore, through mutation(s) in pathogen molecules required for activity. Given the fact that pathogens exploit host factors in order to grow in an otherwise hostile environment, one possible way to circumvent the emerg Read More
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Anti-disease Therapy for Malaria - ‘Resistance Proof’?
Authors: Angus Bell and Daniela BoehmAntimalarial drugs have in the past fallen prey to resistance and this problem is likely to continue in the future. One approach to developing drugs that might be less prone to resistance might be to target the disease rather than the parasite itself. The rationale for this idea, which has been somewhat developed in antibacterial chemotherapy, is that drugs that can alleviate disease pathogenesis while not compromising the s Read More
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Volumes & issues
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Volume 31 (2025)
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Volume 30 (2024)
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Volume 29 (2023)
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Volume 28 (2022)
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Volume 27 (2021)
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Volume 26 (2020)
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Volume 25 (2019)
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Volume 24 (2018)
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Volume 23 (2017)
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Volume 22 (2016)
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Volume 21 (2015)
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Volume 20 (2014)
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Volume 19 (2013)
- Issue 42
- Issue 41
- Issue 40
- Issue 39
- Issue 38
- Issue 37
- Issue 36
- Issue 35
- Issue 34
- Issue 33
- Issue 32
- Issue 31
- Issue 30
- Issue 29
- Issue 27
- Issue 26
- Issue 25
- Issue 24
- Issue 23
- Issue 22
- Issue 21
- Issue 20
- Issue 19
- Issue 18
- Issue 17
- Issue 16
- Issue 15
- Issue 28
- Issue 14
- Issue 13
- Issue 12
- Issue 11
- Issue 10
- Issue 9
- Issue 8
- Issue 7
- Issue 6
- Issue 5
- Issue 4
- Issue 3
- Issue 2
- Issue 1
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Volume 18 (2012)
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Volume 17 (2011)
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Volume 16 (2010)
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Volume 15 (2009)
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Volume 14 (2008)
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Volume 13 (2007)
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Volume 12 (2006)
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Volume 11 (2005)
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Volume 10 (2004)
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Volume 9 (2003)
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Volume 8 (2002)
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Volume 7 (2001)
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Volume 6 (2000)
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