Current Pharmaceutical Analysis - Volume 17, Issue 1, 2021

To develop effective and safe drugs and to take them to the market in short period of time is the mission of pharmaceutical research companies. A selection of few of the lead compounds are done for the evaluation of safety and their ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicology) properties are tested in in-vitro (test systems), in-vivo (living organisms) and in-silico (computational methods). From initial st Read More

The hyphenation of Ultra-Performance Liquid performance (UPLC) with mass spectrometry (MS) has emerged as a powerful tool in analytical research due to its advanced sensitivity, resolution and speed. Its advanced instrumentation, specialized columns, separation at ultra-high pressure and sophisticated software are the distinguishing features as compared to the traditional separating techniques. It has a wide range of a Read More

Background: Tibolone is a synthetic steroid commercialized by Organon under the brand name Livial (Org OD14), which is used in hormone therapy for menopause management and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Tibolone is defined as a selective tissue estrogenic activity regulator (STEAR) demonstrating tissue-specific effects on several organs such as brain, breast, urogenital tract, endometrium, bone and cardiov Read More

Background: The Glassy Carbon Electrode (GCE) was modified with zinc oxide nanoparticles to enhance the electrocatalytic activity of the redox behavior of cefotaxime ion. ATOMIC Force Microscopy (AFM) photographic studies showed the nanorod like structure of the zinc oxide, which was coated uniformly on the electrode surface. Methods: The zinc oxide nanorod modified electrode was used as novel voltammetric deter Read More

Background: Zishen Tongguan (ZSTG) capsules were prepared at the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine and have been proven to be clinically effective for treating pyelonephritis and benign prostatic hyperplasia. However, the quality standards are not ideal; a comprehensive study of the “quality markers” (Q-markers), the chemicals inherent in traditional Chinese medicine and its preparations, Read More

Background: Sample preparation is crucially important for the capillary electrophoretic measurement of the bioactive constituents in Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium because conventional solvent extraction is time-consuming and the solvent peaks seriously interfere with the measured capillary electropherograms. Objective: The objective of the present study is to establish far infrared-assisted sample preparation appro Read More

Background: Zaoren Anshen Prescription (ZAP) is widely used as a classic Chinese Traditional Medicine (TCM) prescription for the treatment of palpitations and insomnia in China. Some studies have identified the main active components for its anti-insomnia effect and observed changes of some endogenous components that are closely related to its anti-insomnia effect. However, simultaneous determination of four monoa Read More

Background: Phenylalanine is a significant biomarker for various diseases like phenylketonuria, gastric cancers, and ischemic stroke according to recent studies. Method: In the present study; a simple, sensitive, selective and novel analytical method was validated by using an ultrafiltration-based extraction and LC-MS/MS quantification of phenylalanine in human plasma using 13C phenylalanine heavy isotope. Amicon® Ultra Read More

Introduction: Novel manipulations of the well-known classical least squares multivariate calibration model were explained in detail as a comparative analytical study in this research work. In addition to the application of plain classical least squares model, two preprocessing steps were tried, where prior to modeling with classical least squares, first derivatization and orthogonal projection to latent structures were applied to pr Read More

Background: A simple and sensitive Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry method was developed and validated to measure the concentrations of Alogliptin (ALO), Linagliptin (LIN), Saxagliptin (SAX), and Sitagliptin (SIT) using Pioglitazone (PIO) as an internal standard. Methods: Chromatographic separation of six gliptins was achieved on a C-18 column (100×2.1 mm, 2.7 μm) using a mobile ph Read More

Background: Tanshinone IIA (TIIA), protocatechuic aldehyde (PA), danshensu (DSS), salvianolic acid B (SAB) and hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) are the major components of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. (Danshen) and Carthamus tinctorius L. (Honghua) herbal pair. These active components may contribute to the potential synergistic effects of the herbal pair. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the metabolites of TIIA, PA, DS Read More

Background: Grape Seed Procyanidins (GSP) refers to a type of natural polyphenols that have to roust antioxidant capacity. Studies have shed light on the fact that GSP significantly impacts the alleviation of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Objective: This study aimed at investigating whether there exists a pharmacokinetics difference in GSP between normal and AD rats, a rapid UPLC-MS/MS methodology, for the detection of its con Read More

Background: Generic products must be bioequivalent to the innovator brand product. Nevertheless, in addition to meeting bioequivalence standards, attention must be paid to the content of the active substance and contaminants in generic drugs. Objectives: This study compared the pharmaceutical quality of four generic losartan potassium formulations with the brand-name product: Cozaar®. Methods: The United St Read More

Objective: To develop a reliable and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method for the quantification of selegiline in Beagle dog plasma and apply the validated method to study the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of oral selegiline lyophilizate in Beagle dogs. Methods: Following alkalization with 1 M sodium hydroxide solution, selegiline and the Internal Standard (IS) z Read More

Background: Desheng pills (DSP) consist of six traditional Chinese medicine. This preparation is used fornourishing blood, eliminating stasis, soothing liver and regulating menstruation, and can also be used to treat menoxenia and dysmenorrhea caus ed by qi stagnation and blood stasis. Objective: In this paper, an accurate and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) method w Read More

Background: Individualized parenteral nutrition requires tailor-made preparation in hospital pharmacy followed by suitable quality control, including electrolytic content determination within complex and variable admixtures, containing up to 50 ingredients. Materials and Methods: An analytical tool has been developed to simultaneously quantify four major electrolytes in parenteral in parenteral nutrition mixtures (i.e., sodium, p Read More

Introduction: A simple and reliable high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the quantitative determination of pregabalin in bulk and dosage form. Pregabalin, a γ amino butyric acid analogue, has negligible sensitivity to UV or fluorescence detection. Hence, it has been derivatized by ninhydrin to form a chromophoric complex that could be quantified by UV detection. Materials and Methods: T Read More

Introduction: Capsaicin (8-methy-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide), a potential analgesic derived from Capsicum annuum (Chili peppers), widely used from ancient times for its pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and analgesic and provides relief from migraine and diabetes. But for obvious reasons, capsaicin cannot be administered directly. The present work was designed with a focus to comply wit Read More