Current Organic Chemistry - Volume 15, Issue 18, 2011

The importance of the palladium in many fields of the chemistry is undeniable: development of catalysts for new efficient processes, synthesis of new promising materials for hydrogen storage, application of metal complexes for organic syntheses, improvement of electronic and optical devices based on liquid crystals, research on new anticancer drugs, new outstanding structures defying the bonding interpretation, amo Read More

Palladium represents one of the most exploited catalysts in organic synthesis, mainly applied in versatile methods for the formation of C-C bonds, but also in selective double bonds hydrogenation and oxidation processes, founding numerous industrial applications in particular in fine chemicals production. In the last decade, the use of metallic nanoparticles in catalysis has exploded (ca. 5,200 contributions in the period 2000-Ma Read More

Recent advances in Pd-catalysed cross-couplings have exploited subtle changes (ligands, additives, reagent choice) that can influence both catalyst activity, selectivity and longevity. In the last few decades it has been noted that the addition of alkenes (olefins) as ligands for Pd can have a dramatic effect on these reactions. More recently, chemists have focussed on designing alkene-containing ligands to take advantage of t Read More

Among the most common high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance parameters (NMR parameters), nuclear spin-spin coupling provides decisive data for organic, organometallic, biological and coordination compounds characterization. This electron-mediated coupling characterized by J constant is very classically thought as transmitted by unambiguously covalently bonded atoms. Yet, experimental and theoretical NMR st Read More

This review aims at providing synthetic organic chemists with enough background for research in the palladium-catalyzed chemistry of highly reactive aryne species obtained in situ by the attack of a fluoride ion on (o-trimethylsilyl)aryl triflates under mild reaction conditions. The chemistry generally involves oxidative addition of Pd(0) to the aryne or the organic halide or triflate and subsequent insertion of the aryne, alkyne, Read More

The palladium-catalyzed α-arylation of carbonyl-type compounds is a relatively emerging field within the cross-coupling arena. In recent years, these processes have experienced an exponential growth, particularly in the development of enantioselective variants of these reactions. Beyond any reasonable doubt, palladium-catalyzed α-arylation reactions represent a straightforward alternative to the classical synthesis of α-a Read More

The synthesis of well-defined macromolecules using polymerization processes is a challenging and important task in organic chemistry. Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions represent an important tool in the chemist's armory, combining high efficiency, low catalyst loadings, high tolerance to a variety of functional groups and solvents and moderate reaction temperatures (25-100 °C). The present review is an acco Read More

Palladium complexes containing hemilabile N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have become a promising family of complexes due to an excellent balance between stability and reactivity that enables them to catalyze a wide range of organic reactions. This review will focus on the palladium complexes of hemilabile NHC ligands, especially their synthesis and catalytic applications in organic transformations. This article is organ Read More

N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have become ubiquitous ligands in the preparation of metal complexes with new catalytic applications. Mainly due to their applications in C-C bond formation reactions, a plethora of novel palladium-NHC complexes has been described, and a large number of review articles describing their chemistry have been published. In an attempt to provide a new vision of the topic, this article will focus t Read More

Developments in palladium chemistry have been spurred predominantly by the outstanding application potential of this metal in catalysis. The quest for new ligands in order to modulate the catalytic activity and selectivity of the palladium center has been greatly stimulated by the discovery of N-heterocyclic carbenes as formally neutral, strongly donating, and covalently binding ligands. Abnormal variations of N-heterocyclic Read More

The heterofunctionalisation of C-H, C=C and C≡C bonds is an important type of transformation that converts readily accessible precursors to valuable intermediates in organic synthesis, particularly when the heteroatom = N or O. The progress in this area of homogeneous catalysis by palladium is described in the current review, covering the period between 2005-early 2010. Asymmetric reactions remain a key challeng Read More

This review presents the development of Palladium-catalyzed oxidative Heck reactions of organometallic compounds (OMCs) with alkenes. The mechanism is discussed with many experimental studies. OMCs derived from Group III to Group VII are shown to be efficient substrates for the oxidative Heck reaction.

This review describes the usefulness of palladium pincer complexes in catalytic transformations of various electrophiles. We discuss two basic approaches to the functionalization of electrophiles: (i) palladium pincer complex catalyzed additions of allylic and other substrates to electrophiles, such as sulfonyl imines, aldehydes and related reagents; and (ii) pincer complex catalyzed generation of allylmetal reagents (such as bo Read More

The author's personal account summarizes results of the study of optically active cyclopalladated compounds (CPCs) during the last 25 years. The review describes a vast collection of structurally and stereochemically different types of CPCs, new routes to them, analysis of chirality transfer and some examples of their application.

The orthopalladated complexes are among the most representative Pd(II) compounds. They display a wide prospect of applications, but they are mainly known by their use as intermediates in metal-mediated organic synthesis. In this review we describe how palladacycles are used to build up new molecules through regioselective formation of C-halogen, C-O, C-N, C-P, C-S and C-C bonds, either under catalytic or stoichiometric Read More