Protein and Peptide Letters - Volume 25, Issue 7, 2018

Background: Snake venom, a highly poisonous and active venomous snake's secretion, is a complex mixture of inorganic cations, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, peptides, toxins and hydrolytic enzymes of importance including Phosphodiesterases (PDEs). These snake venom hydrolytic enzymes interfere in different physiological processes. Snake venom PDEs have several roles to metabolize extracellular nucleotides an Read More

Background: For about 30 years Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has been a significant social and health issue. It has been a perilous opponent in the human contest against HIV. At the end of 2015 there were 26.7 million people worldwide who were affected by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and this number is expected to increase. Unfortunately, currently there are no vaccines available for prev Read More

Background: Cancer is considered one of the most predominant causes of morbidity and mortality all over the world and colorectal cancer is the most common fatal cancers, triggering the second cancer related death. Despite progress in understanding carcinogenesis and development in chemotherapeutics, there is an essential need to search for improved treatment. More than the half a century, cytotoxic and cytostatic Read More

Background: Hyaluronidase is the most important enzyme found in the interstitial matrix, effectively degrading the hyaluronic acid. Hyaluronidases are extensively found in the venom of various animals such as snake, scorpion, spider and others. Up till now five venom hyaluronidases are identified with a defined three-dimensional structure. These enzymes are involved in different biochemical, physiological and pathologic Read More

Background: Venoms, the secretions of venomous animals, are conventionally thought to be the source of toxic substances though the views about venoms in the recent era have been changed. Venoms are the proven source of many biologically and pharmacologically important useful molecules. Bioactive components present in different venoms are mainly proteins and peptides either enzymatic or non-enzymatic whic Read More

Kazutoshi Iijima and Mineo Hashizume. Utilization of Proteins and Peptides to Create Organic-Hydroxyapatite Hybrids. Protein Pept. lett., 2018, 25(1), 25-33. The figures in this publication were inadvertently published with few minor errors. Below is the corrected version. The electronic version of the article has already been corrected.