Protein and Peptide Letters - Volume 25, Issue 3, 2018

The most common recombinant antibody format is the single chain fragment variable (scFv) which it contains the complete antigen-binding domains of an intact antibody. ScFv fragments have found vast medical and non-medical applications. Several approaches have been employed to increase the affinity, avidity and structural stability related to these antibody fragments. Most approaches related to scFv improvement Read More

Background: Enhancing thermostability of the 7α-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (7α-HSDHs) is beneficial to its industrial application broadly. For protein engineering to enhance thermostability the nonrational strategy, directed evolution, has been applied in obtaining more stable proteins through error-prone PCR or DNA rearrangement generating random mutations. However, the successful application of directed evolutio Read More

Background: Adenylate cyclase (CyaA) is one of the major virulence factors of Bordetella pertussis that plays a key role in whooping cough pathogenesis. A putative transmembrane helical hairpin (α2-loop-α3), encompassing residues 529-594 of CyaA hemolysin (CyaA-Hly) domain, was previously proposed to be crucially involved in hemolytic activity against target erythrocytes. Objective: The main objective of this study Read More

Background: Immunotherapies targeting the human papillomavirus (HPV) oncogenic proteins, E6 and E7, are effective to treat HPV-associated cervical malignancies. Objective: The main objective of this study was to generate the fluorescent HPV16 E7 protein for detection of delivery in vitro. Methods: Two types of the fusion E7-GFP proteins (i.e., with or without linker) were expressed in different E. coli strains. Then, the e Read More

Background: Vernalization is one of the pivotal ways for plants to flower. The twodimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-offlight/ time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF MS) were applied to analyze the changes in protein expression profiles in responding to vernalization in leaves of wheat seedling before (0d) and after (30d) of vernalization. Objective: The main objec Read More

Background: αA- and αB- crystallin are members of small heat shock protein family with chaperone property. Their interactions with Cu2+ ions are reported in neurodegenerative diseases. We have been studying the effect of small ionic molecules on the stability of α-crystallin. Cu2+ is co-ordinated with αB-crystallin involving three histidine residues and one aspartic acid residue as potential binding sites. However, copper b Read More

Background: Moringa oleifera is used in traditional medicine as well as in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Water-soluble M. oleifera lectin (WSMoL) is an anionic protein isolated from the seeds of this tree. Until now, immune responses promoted by this lectin in human PBMC have not been investigated. Objective: The main objective of this study was to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of WSMoL on huma Read More

Background: Champedak galactose-binding (CGB) lectin is a tetrameric protein with noncovalently bound monomers, isolated from Artocarpus integer fruit seeds. We had previously reported existence of a structured monomer and an unfolded monomer of CGB lectin at pH 2.5 and pH 1.5, respectively. Polyols are known to induce significant refolding in denatured proteins and stabilize proteins against environmental stresses Read More