Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders-Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets - Immune, Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders) - Online First

Objective This study aimed to explore the differential expression of the co-stimulatory molecule CD226 in lymphocytes from patients with New-Onset Graves' Disease (NOGD) and its correlation with clinical indicators. Methods Sixty-eight participants were recruited for the discovery experiment (NOGD: healthy control (HC) = 39:29). Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) were isolated. Flow cytometry was perfo Read More

Background TAP-1 and TAP-2 are crucial proteins for loading antigenic peptides after proteasome-mediated endogenous processing of the MHC-I (Major Histocompatibility Complex-I) pathway. Our study aimed to explore the Transporter Associated with Antigen Processing proteins (TAP-1 and TAP-2) in oral squamous cell carcinoma and premalignant oral lesions. Methods We recruited a total of 135 subjects from the outpatient Read More

Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype of non-small cell lung cancer, and myocardial infarction (MI) is an acute cardiovascular disease resulting from the disruption of coronary blood supply. Recent studies have suggested that these two diseases may share common molecular mechanisms. Aim The aim of this study was to discover common diagnostic genes for LUAD and MI and analyze thei Read More

Background Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICPi) therapy has revolutionized cancer treatment but can lead to immune-related adverse events (irAE), including thyroid dysfunction. The impact of ICPi on patients with pre-existing autoimmune thyroid diseases (PATD), particularly the development of Graves' disease, remains poorly understood. Case Description We provide the first complete case of Graves' disease with ICPi therapy in Read More

Background Combination therapy with levothyroxine (L-T4) and slow-release T3 (SRT3) in the treatment of hypothyroidism results in a normal triiodothyronine/thyroxine (T3/T4) ratio above that of L-T4 monotherapy. No clinical study has been reported on SRT3 monotherapy for hypothyroidism. Methods This study was conducted in two parts. In the first part, 20 patients with primary hypothyroidism and serum th Read More

Objectives In the last two decades, scientists have gained a better understanding of several aspects of pituitary development. The signaling pathways that govern pituitary morphology and development have been identified, and the compensatory relationships among them are now known. Aims This paper aims to emphasize the wide variety of relationships between Pituitary Gland and Stem cells in hormone Producti Read More

As Ugandans grapple with an increase in metabolic diseases, researchers are turning to their rich tradition of natural remedies. This review explores promising plants, such as Moringa oleifera, bridging the gap between the wisdom of Ugandan healers and modern science. Although these plants show potential, challenges remain. Many lack rigorous testing, standardized extracts, and long-term safety data. To unlock their tr Read More

Objective This study systematically evaluated the efficacy and safety of Ling Gui Zhu Gan Decoction for treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods Registered under CRD42024501460 on the PROSPERO platform, we searched eight major databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, Chinese Scientific Journals Database, and Chinese Bio Read More

Background Plasma AST and ALT may reflect the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) severity and have been associated with the risk of MetS in middle- or old-aged individuals. Aims This study aimed to examine the associations of plasma hepatic aspartate and alanine transaminases (AST and ALT) levels with incident metabolic syndrome (MetS) in young adults, which have not been verified before. Objective The goal of this Read More

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is an etiologically diverse metabolic dysfunction that, if untreated, leads to chronic hyperglycemia. Understanding the etiology of T2DM is critical, as it represents one of the most formidable medical challenges of the twenty-first century. Traditionally, insulin resistance has been recognized as the primary risk factor and a well-known consequence of type 2 diabetes. Emerging evidence sugges Read More