Current Protein and Peptide Science - Volume 26, Issue 4, 2025

TLR4 stands at the forefront of innate immune responses, recognizing various pathogen-associated molecular patterns and endogenous ligands, thus serving as a pivotal mediator in the immune system's defense against infections and tissue damage. Beyond its canonical role in infection, emerging evidence highlights TLR4's involvement in numerous non-infectious human diseases, ranging from metabolic disorders to neur Read More

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common kind of dementia worldwide, is characterized by elevated levels of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide and hyperphosphorylated tau protein in the neurons. The complexity of AD makes the development of treatments infamously challenging. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genes’s ɛ4 allele is one of the main genetic risk factors for AD. While the APOE gene's ɛ4 allele considerably inc Read More

Human paraoxonase 1 (hPON1) is a Ca2+-dependent metalloenzyme with multifunctional properties. Due to its diverse activities (arylesterase, phosphotriesterase, and lactonase), it plays a significant role in disease conditions. Researchers across the globe have demonstrated different properties of PON1, like anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, anti-diabetic, and OP-neutralization. Due to its pleotropic role i Read More

The latex of the xerophytic plant Calotropis procera, popularly known as giant milkweed, contains a complex mixture of secondary metabolites and proteins and has attracted the attention of many researchers. Several bioactive laticifer enzymes from C. procera have been studied for their potential applications in the medical, agricultural and food industries. The present work aimed to review the current scientific knowledge Read More

IntroductionClinic infections caused by various microorganisms are a public health concern. The rise of new strains resistant to traditional antibiotics has exacerbated the problem. Thus, the search for new antimicrobial molecules remains highly relevant.MethodsThe current study purified, characterized, and assessed the antimicrobial activity of a papain inhibitor from Terminalia catappa L. seeds.ResultsThe inhibito Read More