CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets - CNS & Neurological Disorders) - Volume 24, Issue 3, 2025

In this review, we have discussed the invasive and non-invasive treatment options for Parkinson’s Disease (PD) following their safety, specificity, and reliability. Initially, this study has highlighted the invasive treatment options and the side effects they possess. A deep understanding of L-Dopa treatment, as oral or infusion, and the use of dopamine agonists has indicated that there is a need to acquire an alternative treatment f Read More

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by the deterioration of dopamine-producing neurons, resulting in motor impairments like tremors and rigidity. While the precise cause remains elusive, genetic and environmental factors are implicated. Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and protein misfolding contribute to the disease's pathology. Current therapeutics primarily a Read More

Alzheimer’s disease is an ailment that is linked with the degeneration of the brain cells, and this illness is the main cause of dementia. Metabolic stress affects the activity of the brain in AD via FOXO signaling. The occurrence of AD will significantly surge as the world’s population ages, along with lifestyle changes perceived in current decades, indicating a main contributor to such augmented prevalence. Similarly, metabolic di Read More

IntroductionIschemic injury to the brain can result in a variety of life-threatening conditions, mortality, or varying degrees of disability. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF 1α), an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor that controls the adaptive metabolic response to hypoxia, is a critical constituent of cerebral ischemia. It participates in numerous processes, such as metabolism, proliferation, and angiogenesis, and plays Read More

The triptans class of pharmaceuticals, which was created to treat acute migraine, is made up of indole-containing drugs that bind to a subset (1B/1D) of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors and are agonists of serotonin receptors. At the moment, naratriptan, eletriptan, zolmitriptan, rizatriptan, almotriptan, and frovatriptan are the seven types of triptans available on the market. Among these are the FDA-approved triptans, Zolm Read More

Background and ObjectiveThe brain α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) has a critical role in the pathophysiology of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) involving neuroinflammation. The α7 nAChR stimulation has been shown to modulate the anti-inflammatory effects of nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) via its endogenous ligands in the brain. The present study determined the effects Read More