Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Formerly Current Medicinal Chemistry - Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents) - Volume 11, Issue 2, 2013

In a variant proportion of patients presenting with chest pain and electrocardiographic changes characteristic for ST – elevation myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention achieves epicardial coronary artery reperfusion but not the myocardial reperfusion (ranging from 5% to 50%). Furthermore, prolonged myocardial ischemia often breaks down the coronary microvasculature and the flow to the infarct Read More

Acute coronary syndromes and, in paticular, ST – segment elevation myocardial infarction are the principle causes or mortality and morbidity in the industrialized countries. The manadgement of acute myocadial infarction is much debated in the literature; primary percutaneous coronary intervention is the treatment of choice. In the recent years there has been an increasing interest in the concept of adjunctive pharmacol Read More

Coronary artery diseases continue to be the most common causes of mortality and morbidity in the industrialized world, especially in the setting of acute myocardial infarction. Anticoagulation during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has traditionally been supported by anticoagulant unfractionated heparin (UFH). Recently, alternative anticoagulants such as lo Read More

Platelets play a critical role in the pathogenesis of atherothrombotic processes and inhibition of platelet aggregation by antiplatelet therapy is essential and really important in the acute coronary syndromes or in the setting of percutaneous coronary intervention. The first family of adenosine diphosphate P2Y12 receptors inhibiting drug is represented by thienopyridines and among these ticlopidine was the first appr Read More

The direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin has gained popularity in cardiovascular medicine over the past decade because, in comparison with unfractionated heparin, it guarantees a predictable dose-related degree of anticoagulation with a low immunogenic profile and, possibly, with reduced rates of major bleeding complications. In the past bivalirudin has been frequently employed in the management of patients wit Read More

Diabetes increases the risk of cardiovascular disease; however, this risk is further increased as a result of other factors. This observation is particularly relevant with regard to lipid abnormalities. Although diabetic dyslipidemia is characterized by hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-cholesterol, and small dense LDL particles, the main determinant of the role of dyslipidemia in the prognosis of diabetics is LDL cholesterol. In recent Read More

Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a dimeric transcription factor identified as the major regulator of hypoxic responses in cells. Its activity is mainly regulated by protein stability. In well-oxygenated tissues prolyl hydroxylases hydroxylate HIF-1α and HIF-2α protein to provoke their proteasomal degradation. Under hypoxia the α-subunits are stabilized and dimerize with ß-subunits to constitute active transcriptional complexes. As Read More

Platelets play a key role in the pathogenesis of atherothrombosis, involved in both the development and progression of atherosclerotic heart disease, and the attendant acute thrombotic complications. Antiplatelet therapy constitutes a mainstay therapy for patients with acute coronary syndromes and generally high-risk patients with atherothrombosis. Until recently, dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for the treatment and Read More