Deinbollia pinnata: Isolation and Characterization of Some Phytochemicals from Aerial Parts and their Antioxidant Potential

Background: Deinbollia pinnata belonging to Sapindaceae family are known as medicinal plants for the treatment of human diseases. Because of human over-exploitation, the choice of phytochemicals re-search and screening was made to add to the available compounds and ethno-medicinal records. Objective: To investigate phytochemicals and their antioxidant activities. Methods: Antioxidant assay (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP) activities; phytochemical contents (Folin Ciocalteaus’s (FC) and aluminum chloride) methods; and phytochemical analysis were employed. Successful characterization of isolates using spectroscopic methods (¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, FTIR and GC-MS analysis). Results: Alkaloid, simple sugar, phenolics, tannins and steroids were present in all the parts. Saponin, terpenes and flavonoids were found in both leaves and root bark, while root bark and heartwood possessed quinones. The methanol extracts demonstrated total phenolic content at 75. 9 ± 2.05 GAE (mg GAE/g dw) and total flavonoid content at 88.41 ± 0.56 QUE (mg QUE/g dw). The plant extracts showed good DPPH scavenging activity with percentage inhibition more than 70% at 125 ppm. The methanol extracts showed excellent antioxidant activity towards ABTS assay with the IC50 value of 13.68 μg/mL. The extracts also exhibited the most potent ferric ion reducer at 3.45 ± 1.30 mM FRAP equivalent. Methyl gallate (2) displayed the highest antioxidant radical scavenging activity towards DPPH assay with the IC50 value of 0.19 μg/mL and pyrogallol (4) showed the highest ABTS activity with the SC50 value of 7.44 μg/mL. While, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (1) also showed the potential as ferric ion reducer ranging from 0.67± 0.01 to 3.63±0.12 mM FRAP equivalent respectively. Conclusion: Based on the antioxidant activity, methanolic extracts and its isolated constituents can be used as antioxidant sources for the management of oxidative causative diseases. Being the first report of these phytochemicals from genius Deinbollia and specie pinnata.