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- Volume 22, Issue 4, 2016
Current Pharmaceutical Design - Volume 22, Issue 4, 2016
Volume 22, Issue 4, 2016
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Viral Myocarditis and Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Etiology and Pathogenesis
More LessMyocarditis is an inflammation of the myocardium which often follows microbial infections and is a significant cause of sudden unexpected death in the young (<40 years of age) and an underlying cause of dilated cardiomyopathy. Although histologically, the disease is usually associated with infiltration of the myocardium with either eosinophils or leukocytes, use of immunosuppression is controversial outside of giant cell myo Read More
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Recent advances in the management of autoimmune myocarditis: insights from animal studies.
Authors: Kazuko Tajiri, Yasuhiro Yasutomi and Kazutaka AonumaA growing body of evidence has been accumulating to demonstrate that human myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy involve a complex interaction with autoimmunity triggered by cardiotropic microbial infections. Animal experiments have provided direct evidence that infections with a particular microbe can incite autoimmune myocarditis, and this autoimmune response can be mimicked by immunization with the car Read More
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Drugs Targeting the Canonical NF-κB Pathway to Treat Viral and Autoimmune Myocarditis
More LessMyocarditis, which is commonly known as heart inflammation, is a multifaceted disease that includes at least three phases. The host’s immune system is mostly active during the first viral and the second autoimmune phase, when several inflammatory pathways are activated. One of the pivotal transcription factors that regulate immune responses is the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). If, on one side, the acute response t Read More
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Oxidative stress and myocarditis
Authors: Yuko Tada and Jun-ichi SuzukiReactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide are produced highly in myocarditis. ROS, which not only act as effectors for pathogen killing but also mediate signal transduction in the stress responsive pathways, are closely related with both innate and adaptive immunity. On the other hand, oxidative stress overwhelming the capacity of anti-oxidative system generated in severe inflamm Read More
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The Role of Protease-Activated Receptors for the Development of Myocarditis: Possible Therapeutic Implications
Authors: Alice Weithauser, Marco Witkowski and Ursula RauchProtease-activated receptors (PARs) are a unique group of four G-protein coupled receptors. They are widely expressed within the cardiovascular system and the heart. PARs are activated via cleavage by serine proteases. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that the activation of PAR1 and PAR2 plays a crucial role in virus induced inflammatory diseases. The receptors enable cells to recognize pathogen-derived changes in the ext Read More
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Autonomic Nervous System in Viral Myocarditis: Pathophysiology and Therapy
Authors: Zheng Cheng, Ge Li-Sha and Li Yue-ChunMyocarditis, which is caused by viral infection, can lead to heart failure, malignant arrhythmias, and even sudden cardiac death in young patients. It is also one of the most important causes of dilated cardiomyopathy worldwide. Although remarkable advances in diagnosis and understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms of viral myocarditis have been gained during recent years, no standard treatment strategies have been Read More
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Protective effects of andrographolide derivative AL-1 on high glucose-induced oxidative stress in RIN-m cells
Authors: Hui Yan, Yongmei Li, Yali Yang, Zaijun Zhang, Gaoxiao Zhang, Yewei Sun, Pei Yu, Yuqiang Wang and Lipeng XuAL-1 is a novel andrographolide derivative synthesized by conjugating andrographolide and alpha lipoic acid. AL-1 has been found to increase insulin secretion, decrease blood glucose level and protect β-cell mass and function in alloxan-induced diabetic mouse model. However, the protective mechanism of AL-1 on high glucose-induced pancreatic β-cell injury is still not clear. In the present study, we found that AL-1 Read More
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The In-Situ One-Step Synthesis of a PDC Macromolecular Pro-Drug and the Fabrication of a Novel Core-Shell Micell
Authors: Cui-yun Yu, Sa Yang, Zhi-ping Li, Can Huang, Qian Ning, Wen Huang, Wen-tong Yang, Dongxiu He and Lichun SunThe development of slow release nano-sized carriers for efficient antineoplastic drug delivery with a biocompatible and biodegradable pectin-based macromolecular pro-drug for tumor therapy has been reported in this study. Pectin-doxorubicin conjugates (PDC), a macromolecular pro-drug, were prepared via an amide condensation reaction, and a novel amphiphilic core-shell micell based on a PDC macromolecular pro-drug Read More
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Volumes & issues
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Volume 31 (2025)
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Volume 30 (2024)
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Volume 29 (2023)
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Volume 28 (2022)
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Volume 27 (2021)
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Volume 26 (2020)
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Volume 25 (2019)
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Volume 24 (2018)
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Volume 23 (2017)
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Volume 22 (2016)
- Issue 46
- Issue 45
- Issue 44
- Issue 43
- Issue 41
- Issue 42
- Issue 40
- Issue 39
- Issue 38
- Issue 37
- Issue 36
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- Issue 31
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- Issue 29
- Issue 28
- Issue 27
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- Issue 25
- Issue 24
- Issue 23
- Issue 22
- Issue 21
- Issue 20
- Issue 19
- Issue 18
- Issue 17
- Issue 16
- Issue 15
- Issue 14
- Issue 13
- Issue 12
- Issue 11
- Issue 10
- Issue 9
- Issue 8
- Issue 7
- Issue 6
- Issue 5
- Issue 4
- Issue 33
- Issue 3
- Issue 2
- Issue 1
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Volume 21 (2015)
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Volume 20 (2014)
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Volume 19 (2013)
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Volume 18 (2012)
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Volume 17 (2011)
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Volume 16 (2010)
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Volume 15 (2009)
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Volume 14 (2008)
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Volume 13 (2007)
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Volume 12 (2006)
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Volume 11 (2005)
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Volume 10 (2004)
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Volume 9 (2003)
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Volume 8 (2002)
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Volume 7 (2001)
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Volume 6 (2000)
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