Current Proteomics - Volume 18, Issue 4, 2021

Most clinical related proteomic studies were aimed to screen potential biomarkers for clinical usage. However, it is known that only a few candidates can be validated in later stages. Besides clinical biomarkers, it is also necessary to identify key proteins to better understand the molecular mechanism of human diseases. Here, we updated the connotations of precision and translational proteomics and proposed a Read More

The world's highest and largest altitude area is called the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau QTP, which harbors unique animal and plant species. Mammals that inhabit the higher altitude regions have adapted well to the hypoxic conditions. One of the main stressor at high altitudes is hypoxia. Metabolic responses to hypoxia play important roles in cell survival strategies and some diseases. However, the homeostatic alterations that equili Read More

Aim: The aim of this systematic review is to identify all the available data on human lens proteomics with a critical role in age-related cataract formation in order to elucidate the physiopathology of the aging lens. Methods: We searched on Medline and Cochrane databases. The search generated 328 manuscripts. We included nine original proteomic studies that investigated human cataractous lenses. Results: Deamidati Read More

Objective: Osteoporosis (OP) is mainly characterized by low Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue. We performed label-free quantitative proteomics to discover novel proteins involved in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Methods: We employed an extreme sampling study design to collect subjects with low BMD (Z-score<- 1.30±0.47) and high BMD (Z-score>1.06±0.49). Liquid Chro Read More

Aim: There are many people with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) worldwide. Rouxen- Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) is an effective surgery for treating T2DM with beneficial effects on β cell metabolism. However, the mechanism of how RYGB affects the pancreas, is not clear. We focused on metabolic changes in the pancreas of rats following RYGBand to investigate complex postoperative pancreatic metabolic reprogrammin Read More

Background: Inflammation plays a major role in dry eye diseases and is the prime target in clinical treatments of the disease. Objective: To determine whether the inflammatory cytokines in the tear film of patients with dry eye correlate with parameters such as Tear Break-Up Time (TBUT) and Tear Meniscus Height (TMH) and could be used together as predictive biomarkers of disease severity. Methods: This study inc Read More

Background: In utero exposure to Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI) is considered a risk factor for many neurodevelopmental diseases. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether prenatal SSRI exposure changes newborn brain chemistry. Methods: An animal-based study was designed in which the utero SSRI exposed rat pups were compared to one without drug exposure. Neurochemical changes in Read More

Background: Selective Cationic Amphipathic Antibacterial Peptides (SCAAPs) occupy a prominent place in the production of new drugs on account of their high toxicity towards bacteria and low toxicity towards mammalian cells, low hemolytic activity, and contribution to the protection of the human immune system. Aim: their number in nature is very low, and experimental tests are very protracted and costly. Therefore, it wo Read More

Background: The ability of Staphylococcus aureus to cause severe infections and the difficulty of the treatments due to the multiple antibiotic resistance make this bacterium a lifethreatening human pathogen. This situation necessitates the exploration of novel antimicrobial compounds with known targets on bacteria. Phenolic acids naturally produced in plants as secondary metabolites are good candidates for being alte Read More

Introduction: Controversy exists regarding the impact of Phosphorylation Homology Domain (PePHD) of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) E2 protein on the interruption of the antiviral signaling pathway. A mechanism by which the virus evades the antiviral effect of interferon (IFN) alpha involves protein kinase (PKR) eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2 alpha (eIF2a) PePHD. By binding to PKR, PePHD inhibits its activity and, therefore, causes the v Read More

Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the main biological agent causing Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs), including precancerous lesions and several types of prevalent cancers. To date, numerous types of vaccines are designed to prevent high-risk HPV. However, their prophylactic effect is not the same and does not clear previous infections. Therefore, there is an urgent need for developing therapeutic vaccines tha Read More

Background: Proteomics facilitates understanding the complexity of molecular and physiological mechanisms involved in the metabolic and biological fungal adaptations to pH changes. Proteomics enables the identification of enzymes and fungal proteins involved in these adaptations. This approach may be used to investigate such fungi as Aspergillus niveus, whose proteome has not yet been analyzed, changes the intr Read More

Background: Dysregulated angiogenesis resulting in neovascularization is a critical event in the expansion and progression of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), hematopoietic cancer. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor- A (VEGFA), an important angiogenesis mediator, has been a target for treating cancer. Although several anti-VEGFA drugs are available, they are associated with adverse side effects, promoting the need to i Read More

Background: Mycobacterium avium sp. paratuberculosis (MAP) causes Paratuberculosis (pTB) in domestic livestock and has also been associated with auto-immune disorders in humans. Infection leads to huge economic losses to the farmers associated with livestock production system worldwide. Currently, search to find proteins with the potential to develop as vaccine candidates against MAP is underway. Objective: In t Read More