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Nanomedicine Innovations for Diabetes Management: Revolutionizing Diagnosis, Treatment, and Monitoring
Authors: Shatrudhan Prajapati and Shikha YadavAvailable online: 29 October 2024More LessDiabetes mellitus, a widespread metabolic disease characterized by high blood sugar levels, affects many people globally. The limitations of conventional diagnostic and therapeutic approaches necessitate exploring innovative strategies. Nanotechnology shows remarkable potential for revolutionizing the field of diabetes theranostics (combined diagnosis and treatment) by enabling accurate diagnosis and precise treatment delivery. This article provides a comprehensive review of the latest advancements in nanomaterials for diagnosing and treating diabetes. It explores the applications of various nanomaterials, including inorganic and organic nanoparticles, nanocomposites, and nanostructured biosensors, in biomarker detection, glucose monitoring, insulin delivery, and addressing diabetes-related complications. The study focuses on the synthesis and functionalization of nanomaterials for diabetes, covering both traditional and environmentally friendly synthesis methods. This study looks into how nanomaterials can be used to carry natural antidiabetic extracts, recombinant insulin, and other antidiabetic drugs, to make them more bioavailable, targetable, and effective. However, the review also talks about the problems that come with using nanosensors to diagnose diabetes. It also looks at the newest developments in nanosensors for biomarker detection, implantable devices, and continuous glucose monitoring. Additionally, the review examines the potential of nanomaterials in the management of diabetic sequelae, including diabetic nephropathy, cardiovascular disorders, retinopathy, and wound healing. We underscore the significance of nanomaterials in islet transplantation, as they provide immunological protection and enhance the viability and efficacy of islets. This study provides useful insights into the prospects and challenges connected with the rapidly growing field of nanotechnology in diabetic theranostics through a comprehensive examination of the current landscape. Academics, clinicians, and stakeholders engaged in developing innovative nanomaterial-based approaches to accurately diagnose and effectively manage diabetes will find this resource highly helpful.
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Cutting Edge Nanoplatforms with Smart Bio-sensing Applications: Paving the Way for Sustainable Green Approaches
Available online: 15 October 2024More LessIn the era of automation, sustainable technologies employing eco-friendly materials and manufacturing techniques such as ‘Green nanobiosensors’ have taken centre stage, owing to their opulent portfolio encompassing renewable fabrication and design from biomaterials, biocompatibility, and ease of functionalization. Generally, sensors utilize nanomaterials sourced from renewable resources or with minimal environmental impact, such as cellulose nanocrystals, chitosan, and biopolymers, owing to their exceptional properties such as high surface area.
With the advent of environmentally conscious attributes in the cutting-edge nano biosensing technology, green nano-biosensors offer innovative avenues for sensitive and selective detection and monitoring of myriad analytes with minimal environmental repercussions. Further, such sensors operate at low energy levels, contributing to reduced energy consumption, and can be mass-produced with minimal environmental influence.
The present outlay of literature aims to decipher the utilization of eco-friendly materials and sustainable manufacturing techniques in creating nano-biosensors and subsequently promulgating their advantages in terms of energy efficiency, low environmental impact, and use of renewable resources. Furthermore, this study embellishes a comprehensive framework that delineates the diverse applications of these green nanobiosensors as eco-friendly technological solutions across diverse sectors primarily agriculture, environmental monitoring, and biomedicine, showcasing their potential to revolutionize these domains while minimizing environmental impact.
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Recent Insights and Clinical Status on Novel Mefenamic Acid Nanocarriers for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Sunayana Tyagi, Milind Sharad Pande and Mojahidul IslamAvailable online: 08 October 2024More LessJoint structure and performance can be compromised by the systemic inflammatory disorder rheumatoid arthritis, which destroys articular cartilage and erodes periarticular bone. However, due to their systemic processes, short half-lives, and poor bioavailability, the anti-inflammatory medicines and biological agents now utilized for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are unable to preferentially target inflamed joints. Anti-inflammatory medicines have made use of nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery methods. The role that inflammation plays in the genesis of disease has had far-reaching repercussions, including its ability to influence the development of disorders as diverse as inflammatory bowel disorder, RA, and osteoarthritis. In the treatment of RA, nanomaterials have the potential to both increase the absorption of the medication and selectively target the damaged joint tissue. Designer nanoparticles now have the ability to engage more thoroughly with their biological targets and a wider variety of diseases. These nanoparticles have a comparable size range and surface properties that can be modified. In this review, we have discussed the progress that has been made and the hurdles that remain in the use of nanomaterials in the treatment of RA, specifically in relation to mefenamic acid.
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