Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: A Promising Carrier in Targeted Drug Delivery System

Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) are considered second-generation lipid-based pharmaceutical formulations in drug delivery systems. It is a more efficient drug delivery system that includes the development of a nano-particulate system, and it is superior to the conventional drug delivery system. Among all available nanoparticles, NLC has gained more attention due to its superior characteristics, such as being lipophilic, biodegradable, and biocompatible. This lipid nanoparticulate system is more advantageous over liposomes, microparticles, emulsions, and solid lipid nanoparticles. NLCs have emerged as a promising carrier for the delivery of targeted drug substances via oral, parenteral, topical, pulmonary, transdermal, and ocular routes. These nanocarriers are utilized for the delivery of both lipophilic as well as hydrophilic drugs. NLCs are composed of a matrix of physiological lipids, i.e., solid lipid and liquid lipid, emulsifiers, and water. NLCs provide an opportunity for large-scale production, ease of preparation with enhanced encapsulation, targeted efficiency, and reduced toxic effects. This review is focused on the advantages, limitations, methods of preparation, characterization, and applications of NLCs.