Current Medical Imaging - Online First

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the utility of ultrasonic attenuation imaging (ATI) in assessing the relationship between hepatic fat content and lipid metabolism in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: 239 patients diagnosed with T2DM were included, with liver fat quantified using proton density fat fraction (PDFF). We analyzed the variance Read More

Introduction: Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Liver (PSCCL) is an exceptionally rare clinical entity characterized by diagnostic challenges, aggressive behavior, and poor prognosis. Globally, few studies have investigated PSCCL. Case Presentation: We report the case of a 76-year-old male patient with PSCCL, detailing his clinical presentation and imaging findings, to offer insights into the preoperative diagnosis of this d Read More

Aim: This research aims to develop and evaluate a novel health classification and severity detection system based on Vision Transformers (ViTs) for fetal ultrasound imagery. This contributes to improved precision in fetal health status detection and abnormalities with more accurate results than other traditional models. Background: Amidst the other imperatives of resource-deficient developing nations, mitigating neonatal mortal Read More

Background: Bronchogenic cysts are congenital cystic anomalies of the bronchus that originate from abnormal development of the bronchial tree during the embryonic period. Their common manifestation is a space-occupying lesion in the lungs or mediastinum. Common imaging modalities for detecting bronchogenic cysts include chest X-ray and chest computed tomography (CT) scans. Case Presentation: A 24-year-old fem Read More

Background: Delphian lymph node (DLN) metastasis is common in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). However, few studies have specifically investigated the clinicopathologic characteristics of DLN metastasis in PTC. This study aimed to examine the incidence, risk factors, and predictive value of DLN in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Methods: In the present study, the clinicopathologic features and metastatic risks were stati Read More

Aims: Studies specifically examining the sonographic features of juvenile fibroadenoma in the pediatric population have not been documented. We aimed to analyze sonograms of juvenile fibroadenoma in children. Subjects and Methods: Patients aged ≤ 18 years who underwent breast ultrasound examinations at our department and had pathologically proven juvenile fibroadenoma from September 2002 to January 202 Read More

Introduction: The earlier detection of cervical cancer in women patients can save human life. This article proposes a novel methodology for detecting abnormal cervigram images from healthy cervigram images and segments the cancer regions in the abnormal cervigram images using the deep learning method. The conventional deep learning architecture has been modified into the proposed CervixNet architecture to i Read More

Background:Extrahepatic Common Bile Duct Obstruction (EHBDO) is a serious condition that requires accurate diagnosis for effective treatment. Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is a widely used noninvasive imaging technique for visualizing bile ducts, but its interpretation can be complex.Objective:This study aimed to develop a deep learning-based classification model that integrates MRCP i Read More

Background: The malignant risk of cystic-solid thyroid nodules may be underestimated in the ultrasound assessment. Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the value of multimodal ultrasound characteristics in the malignant risk assessment of cystic-solid thyroid nodules. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for studi Read More

Introduction: Pneumocephalus and pneumorrhachis are rare postoperative complications, commonly occurring within a few days to months after spinal surgery. They are very rarely reported after thoracic surgeries. This case highlights a unique presentation in the emergency department involving headache and vomiting caused by late complications following thoracic surgery with a titanium rib implant. Case Presentation: Read More

Objective: The objective of this research is to enhance pneumonia detection in chest X-rays by leveraging a novel hybrid deep learning model that combines Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with modified Swin Transformer blocks. This study aims to significantly improve diagnostic accuracy, reduce misclassifications, and provide a robust, deployable solution for underdeveloped regions where access to conventional Read More

Background: Understanding brain changes in older patients with depression and their relationship with cognitive abilities may aid in the diagnosis of depression in this population. This study aimed to explore the association between brain lesions and cognitive performance in older patients with depression. Methods: We utilized magnetic resonance imaging data from a previous study, which included older adults with and without Read More

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of CT-guided radiofrequency ablation in conjunction with targeted therapy in lung cancer patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 80 lung cancer patients. They were stratified into the Observation Group (OG; n=40, treated with CT-guided radiofrequency ablation in conjunction with targeted therapy) and the Control Group (CG; n=40, treated solely with targe Read More

Objectives: The objective of this study was to summarize the findings of children’s intracranial congenital or developmental malformations found during imaging procedures in the Tibetan plateau. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the imaging data of the suspected patients who presented with the central nervous system (CNS) malformations and were enrolled either through the clinic or after ultrasound examinations betw Read More

Background: Cervical cancer is a prevalent malignancy among women, often asymptomatic in early stages, complicating detection. Objective: This study aims to investigate innovative techniques for early cervical cancer detection using a novel U-RCNNS model. Methods: Cervical epithelial cell images stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) were analyzed using the U-RCNNS model, which integrates U-Net for segmentation and Read More

Background: Primary intracranial Ewing Sarcoma/peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor (EWS/pPNET) is exceedingly rare and easy to misdiagnose. Case Presentation: We present a case involving a 23-year-old male who presented with headaches and vomiting. The preoperative brain imaging revealed an irregular mass in the left parietal lobe, initially misdiagnosed as meningioma. However, the surgical specimen Read More

Background: The BraTS Generalizability Across Tumors (BraTS-GoAT) initiative addresses the critical need for robust and generalizable models in brain tumor segmentation. Despite advancements in automated segmentation techniques, the variability in tumor characteristics and imaging modalities across clinical settings presents a significant challenge. Objective: This study aims to develop an advanced CNN-based model Read More

Objectives: Retroperitoneal nerve sheath tumors are uncommon, representing a small fraction of all primary retroperitoneal neoplasms. Accurate differentiation between benign and malignant forms is essential for optimal clinical management. This study assessed the clinical profiles and sonographic traits of retroperitoneal nerve sheath tumors with the goal of enhancing diagnostic precision and developing therapeutic str Read More

Background: Colon diseases are major global health issues that often require early detection and correct diagnosis to be effectively treated. Deep learning approaches and recent developments in medical imaging have demonstrated promise in increasing diagnostic accuracy. Objective: This work suggests that a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model paired with other models can detect different gastrointestinal (GI) abno Read More

Background: Laparoscopically Harvested Pedicled Omental Flap [LHPOF] has become a viable option for breast reconstruction due to advancements in minimally invasive techniques, offering benefits like reduced postoperative pain and minimal scarring. Case Presentation: This study examines the imaging findings in eight patients who underwent breast reconstruction using a LHPOF. Imaging modalities, including Read More