Current Medicinal Chemistry - Volume 29, Issue 24, 2022

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia worldwide, with approximately 6 million cases reported in America in 2020. The clinical signs of AD include cognitive dysfunction, apathy, anxiety and neuropsychiatric signs, and pathogenetic mechanisms that involve amyloid peptide-β extracellular accumulation and tau hyperphosphorylation. Unfortunately, current drugs to treat AD can provide only s Read More

This review describes the use of lipid-based nanocarriers (LNCs) for the parenteral delivery of pharmaceutical actives. Firstly, the two generations of LNCs, namely solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), are explained in terms of preparation, characterization and stability. Although the use of LNCs through parenteral administration has shown many benefits, their use is limited by opsonization, Read More

Nanotechnology has been extensively exploited for its enormous therapeutic and diagnostic potential in the management of multiple disorders. It employs nanomaterials as drug carriers with enhanced efficacy and limited side effects on normal tissues. A lot of nanomaterials have been studied and produced, imminently reforming the treatment and diagnostics of numerous malignancies, including cancer. The purpose of the pre Read More

Lipid peroxidation-driven iron-dependent ferroptosis is a regulated cell death mechanism implicated in numerous diseases, such as neurological diseases, kidney injury, ischemia, and tumors, including prostate cancer. The cellular mechanisms of ferroptosis are strongly associated with iron, reactive oxygen species and amino acid metabolic pathways. Several compounds, namely ferroptosis inducers, impact these pathways Read More

Background: D-amino acids are present in the human body originating from diet, bacterial flora, and endogenous synthesis (at least for D-serine and, probably, D-aspartate). D-amino acids are involved in important physiological processes (e.g., D-serine and D-aspartate act on the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor as co-agonist and agonist, respectively) and increasing evidence links D-amino acids to different pathological states. Read More

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mainly affecting the colon and the rectum. Its main characteristics include relapsing and remitting mucosal inflammation, starting in the rectum and typically extending continuously proximally through part of or the entire colon. UC pathogenesis depends on multiple factors, such as genetic predisposition, defects in the epithelial barrier, dysregulated immu Read More

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial ubiquitous compound, frequently used to produce synthetic polymers and epoxy resins. BPA is a well-recognized endocrine disruptor and xenoestrogen compound. Evidence from epidemiological and experimental studies suggests that perinatal BPA exposure (gestation and/or lactation) increases the risk of developing various diseases, including the cardiovascular system. Developmental progr Read More

Multidrug resistance (MDR) in the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans is defined as non-susceptibility to at least one agent in two or more drug classes. This phenomenon has been increasingly reported since the rise in the incidence of fungal infections in immunocompromised patients at the end of the last century. After the discovery of efflux pump overexpression as a principal mechanism causing MDR in Candida strains, dru Read More

Background: Peptidoglycan is an essential component of the cell wall in all bacteria. In particular, the cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria are composed mostly of a thick layer of peptidoglycan. Its accessibility has important implications for their sensing in whole bacterial detection methodologies. Indeed, there is an urgent demand for rapid tests which can identify whole bacteria, e.g., directly at the point of care. O Read More

Background: Ovarian cancer is one of the most aggressive types of gynecologic cancers. Many patients have a relapse within two years after diagnosis and subsequent therapy. Among different genetic changes generally believed to be important for the development of cancer, TP53 is the most common mutation in the case of ovarian tumors. Objective: Our work aims to analyze the outcomes of different comparisons base Read More