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Volume 21, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 1573-4072
  • E-ISSN: 1875-6646

Abstract

Background

The constant increase in global onion production escalates the 
generation of onion peel waste. For instance, globally, >50 lakh tons of onion waste are generated annually.

Methods

Its objectionable odor precludes its use in agriculture or disposal as landfilling presents environmental issues. Previous studies show that two major flavonoids, quercetin and its
glycosides (spiraeoside), have been identified in abundance in onion waste. By utilizing the
spiraeoside (quercetin-4ʹ-glucoside), a rapid synthesis of pachypodol (quercetin-3,3′,7-trimethyl ether, and a rare flavonol), an essential Ayurvedic product, has been developed and achieved. Pachypodol and analogs were studied for their ability to inhibit matrix metalloproteinase-2 and 
-9 (MMP-2 & 9) activity. Amongst the compounds tested, pachypodol significantly inhibited MMP-2 activity.

Results

docking studies suggest that, unlike most known MMP inhibitors, pachypodol interacts selectively with MMP-2 through the residues Ile222, Tyr223, and Thr227 in a zinc-independent manner.

Conclusion

The experimental studies also prove that pachypodol inhibits the MMP-2 enzyme in a zinc-independent way.

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2025-01-17

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/content/journals/cbc/10.2174/0115734072293689240219110806
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Probing Anticancer Molecules from Onion Peels Waste; First Synthesis and Biological Studies of a Rare Quercetin Derivative-pachypodol
Curr. Bioact. Compd. 21, E010324227586 (2025); https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734072293689240219110806
/content/journals/cbc/10.2174/0115734072293689240219110806
/content/journals/cbc/10.2174/0115734072293689240219110806
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keyword(s): 7-dimethyl ether; enzyme; MMP-2; Onion peel waste; pachypodol; quercetin-3; zinc-independent inhibition

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