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Volume 19, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 2772-2708
  • E-ISSN: 2772-2716

Abstract

A neglected zoonosis, Cystic Echinococcosis (CE), is most common in developing nations worldwide. Vaccination is, therefore, helpful in preventing this disease.

Predicting the main biochemical properties of Calreticulin (CRT) and its possible B-cell and T-cell-binding epitopes as a valuable candidate for immunization was the goal of the current study.

Predictions were made to determine biochemical, antigenic, structural, and subcellular characteristics, along with the immunogenic epitopes, using several online servers.

The extracellular 48.15 KDa protein exhibited no allergenicity, while possessing hydrophilicity (GRAVY: -0.785), stability (instability: 33.88), tolerance to a wide range of temperatures (aliphatic: 62.45), and 59 post-translational modification sites. The secondary structure mostly comprised random coils and extended strands. The 3D model was generated using the Robetta server (confidence: 0.72), and was rehashed and confirmed subsequently. Common B-cell epitopes were discovered by three servers and screened for antigenic, allergenic, and solubility traits. Moreover, MHC-associated epitopes for mice and humans were predicted in CRT with subsequent screening.

This work offers a foundation for further investigation in order to design an effective vaccination against CE. Further empirical research on the examined protein solely or in combination with other antigens is needed.

© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers
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2024-09-04
2025-05-31

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Preliminary In silico Analysis of Echinococcus granulosus Calreticulin for Enhanced Vaccine Design against Cystic Echinococcosis
Rec Adv Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov 19, 100 (2025); https://doi.org/10.2174/0127722708309749240821081333
/content/journals/raiad/10.2174/0127722708309749240821081333
/content/journals/raiad/10.2174/0127722708309749240821081333
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Prediction of solubility and phosphorylation sites of the CRT protein using Protein-Sol and NetPhos 3.1 webservers, respectively. The solubility showed a score above average (score: 0.537) solubility in . Also, there existed 43 phosphorylation sites in this protein. Signal peptide prediction for CRT protein using SignalP-6.0, demonstrating the presence of a putative signal peptide with a score of 0.9991. Structural improvement validation of the 3D model before and after refinement. HTL-associated epitopes for calreticulin using some mouse MHC-II alleles with screening. CTL-associated epitopes for calreticulin using some mouse MHC-I alleles with screening. Supplementary material is available on the publisher's website along with the published article.

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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keyword(s): calreticulin; E. granulosus; epitopes; immunization; in silico; Preliminary analysis

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