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image of Evaluating the Effect of a Probiotic on Prevention of Diarrhea, Stress Response, and Social Interactions in a Colony of Macaca fascicularis

Abstract

Background

Social housing changes are associated with diarrhea in macaques, presumably due to stress.

Objective

Since probiotics are utilized in humans for diarrhea, we tested the effectiveness of a species-specific probiotic, SDPro™ (composition: ~2 billion CFU each of live and ), to prevent relocation-associated diarrhea. Assessments of the gut-microbiome and diarrhea severity were made. Behavioral observations and cortisol levels were examined after relocation to test the effects of the probiotic treatment.

Methods

The probiotic was administered to 60 juvenile macaques of both sexes (Probiotic +) and outcomes were compared to 60 control (Probiotic -) macaques. The effects on gut microbiome composition were analyzed 16s microbiome analysis in half the animals from both groups. Social behaviors were monitored twice-weekly in the morning and afternoon for five weeks following 10-days of SDPro™ administration in 56 subjects and hair cortisol was assayed.

Results

Probiotic administration altered beta, but not alpha, diversity, and caused changes in taxa abundance at the phylum, genus, and species levels. The Probiotic + group was enriched in and diminished in (’s < 0.05) compared to controls. Although SDPro™ did not alter diarrhea incidence following relocation, it reduced diarrhea severity in males only. Males also exhibited higher cortisol levels than females but there was no probiotic effect. Probiotic treatment had minor behavioral effects; the typical reduction in locomotion seen in the afternoon was eliminated.

Conclusion

The results suggest that SDPro™ may be a viable tool to prevent relocation-induced diarrhea in juvenile male macaques.

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2024-09-23
2025-03-14

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/content/journals/probiot/10.2174/0126666499295593240916060605
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Evaluating the Effect of a Probiotic on Prevention of Diarrhea, Stress Response, and Social Interactions in a Colony of Macaca fascicularis
Bentham Science Publishers ; https://doi.org/10.2174/0126666499295593240916060605
/content/journals/probiot/10.2174/0126666499295593240916060605
/content/journals/probiot/10.2174/0126666499295593240916060605
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  • Article Type:     Review Article
Keywords: relocation stress ; Lactobacillus ; diarrhea ; primates ; microbiota

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