Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry - Volume 10, Issue 1, 2013

Azaheterocycles comprise relevant target structures within organic chemistry due to the broad diversity of biological activities associated with these scaffolds. In this review, the most important recent procedures for the preparation of functionalized six-membered azaheterocyclic compounds by ring transformation of β-lactams are summarized and discussed.

The research on medicinal plants is gaining popularity due to their high efficacy, safety, quality and low side effects in comparison of synthetic medicines. Phoebe plants have been used in traditional medicine for curing various diseases worldwide. The Genus Phoebe comprises of about 200 species, distributed in Indo-Malaysia, West Europe, Tropical America and India. The phytochemical studies on the Genus Phoebe have re Read More

The advances in the chemistry of Mannich bases of electron-rich, monocyclic five-membered heterocycles with one heteroatom thiophene and furan are reviewed. The aminomethylation of these heterocycles along with the reactivity and the applications of their Mannich bases are summarized.

There has been considerable interest in the development of novel heterocyclic compounds with varied biological activities. Triazoles are a special class of heterocyclic compounds with a broad spectrum of biological activities such as antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antihistaminic, anticonvulsant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal, antimycotic, antimycobacterial, anticancer, antiprotozoal, antimalarial and anti-ulcer activity. Read More

Thiazolidines (TZDs) or glitazones are one of the important classes of insulin sensitizers used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. These agents, however, suffer from some serious side effects such as fluid retention, weight gain, congestive heart failure, bone fracture and possibly bladder cancer, which resulted in their withdrawal from clinical use. The TZDs that were withdrawn from the clinical use were developed Read More

Chalcones are the main precursors for the biosynthesis of flavonoids and isoflavonoids. Chalcones comprise of a three carbon α, β-unsaturated carbonyl system. These are the condensation products of aromatic aldehyde with acetophenones in the presence of catalyst. They go through a variety of chemical reactions and are found beneficial in synthesis of pyrazoline, isoxazole and an assortment of heterocyclic compound Read More

Stannous chloride, an inexpensive mild Lewis acid has been used in various organic synthetic operations. It was used in reducing various functional groups in the earlier days. The recent trends however expanded the scope of its applications in organic synthesis using it as an efficient catalyst. This review highlights the catalytic potential of this reagent in a wide range of reactions such as allylation, propargylation, multicompone Read More

Due to the extensive application of porphyrins today, this paper aims to present a short review on the synthesis of the first and principal methodologies and compares their yields and reaction conditions. It should be noted that these methodologies were the precursors to the development of numerous syntheses of porphyrins.