Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets - Infectious Disorders) - Volume 21, Issue 6, 2021

The high mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients is due to their progression to cytokine-associated organ injuries, primarily the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The uncertainties in the molecular mechanisms leading to the switch from the early virus infection to the advanced stage ARDS is a major gridlock in therapeutic development to reduce mortality. Previous studies in our laboratory have ide Read More

In these challenging times of the pandemic, as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has taken over the planet, its complications such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have the potential to wipe out a large portion of our population. Whereas a serious lack of ventilators, vaccine being months away makes the condition even worse. That's why promising drug therapy is required. One of them is suggested i Read More

Buckwheat is a gluten-free pseudo-cereal that is a part of the Polygonaceae family. Grain of buckwheat is a highly healthy component of food and has been found to have a broad variety of beneficial effects. It is cultivated as grain in a popular buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) which has a secondary significance in many countries. It contains certain high-level nutritionally beneficial components and can have other characte Read More

Introduction: In the current scenario of the COVID 19 pandemic, the protective reflexes, namely sneeze and cough, have received great importance. However, it is not in terms of protection but in terms of the spread of infection. The present review tries to bring out the correlation between the physiology of sneeze and cough, taking into consideration the various receptors that initiate the two reflexes, then correlati Read More

Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious viral infection that was initiated in Wuhan, China, and has spread around the world. The high prevalence and rapid transmission between individuals of COVID-19 have become an international challenge that requires careful consideration. We aimed to review the current evidence of COVID-19 transmission modes. Methods: This study was a sy Read More

Background: Postoperative complications such as wound infection and scarring are some of the major concerns regarding suturing techniques. This study is designed to evaluate postoperative outcomes of adhering subcuticular sutures in comparison to the interrupted suturing method in patients who underwent appendectomy for uncomplicated acute appendicitis. Methods: 240 patients were randomly assigned into two groups; 1 Read More

Background: Photoactivated disinfection (PAD) has been indicated as one of the potential methods for the initial periodontal therapy in periodontitis and peri-implantitis, which may have bystander effects on the viability of off-target cells. Objective: In this article, we evaluated the effects of PAD-induced bystander on biofilm formation ability, metabolic activity, and gene expression level of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitan Read More

Background: Cystic echinococcosis is a zoonotic infection in humans and herbivorous animals occurring worldwide, which is caused by the larva stage of Echinococcus granulosus. Rhubarb (Rheum ribes L.) as an herbal medicine has various therapeutic properties such as antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial. With respect to the potential of the biological activities of this plant in traditional and modern medicine, w Read More

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a frequent nosocomial pathogen that causes severe diseases in many clinical and community settings. Strains of P. aeruginosa are associated with increased morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. The rapid emergence of antimicrobial resistance among these strains is a public health crisis. Moreover, there is a paucity of data on the characterization of P. a Read More

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are among the most common infections in humans, particularly in resource-poor communities. Gastrointestinal parasites, specially protozoa, can lead to diarrhea, malabsorption, and anemia. The majority of parasitic diarrhea is caused by Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia duodenalis, and Cryptosporidium spp. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of intestinal p Read More

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of group A beta-hemolytic pharyngitis by assessing the outcome of the culture and the resistance and sensitivity of group A beta hemolytic Streptococcus to antibiotics. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 170 patients aged 3-15 years, referred to the clinic with complaints of sore throat. Patients’ history was collected and physical examination Read More

Background: Azithromycin has been considered as a possible therapeutic agent for COVID-19 patients. However, there is limited data on its efficacy. Case Presentation: We describe three patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who did not respond to the initial treatment but improved dramatically upon adding azithromycin with a successful outcome. Conclusion: We have presented evidence of the potential beneficial e Read More

Background: In February 2020, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged in Tehran, Iran. Case Presentation: Herein, we reported clinical features, laboratory tests, unusual radiological characteristics and therapeutic course of a patient with initial mild clinical symptoms at presentation with progression to pneumonia and pleural effusion in the emergency unit of a referral hospital.

Background: The recent outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in China has rapidly spread throughout the world and there are many reports of symptoms ranging from malaise to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by this infection. However, few reports have been discussed surgical outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Case Presentation: In this report, we described a case of an elderly female dev Read More

Introduction: Human Salmonella infections have been classically distinguished into diseases caused by typhoidal and non-typhoidal salmonella (NTS). Typhiodal salmonella includes S. enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi that cause the systemic disease but are restricted to human infections, while NTS consists mainly of other serovars that predominantly cause self-limiting gastroenteritis in humans. Localisation of f Read More

Background: Isolated pulmonary valve endocarditis (PVE) is an extremely uncommon clinical finding comprising less than 1.5-2% of cases for infective endocarditis. It is a challenging condition to diagnose mainly because of nonspecific signs and symptoms at presentation. Case Presentation: A 58-year-old married and retired man was admitted to a community hospital for evaluation of chest pain. Transesophage Read More