Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders-Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets - Immune, Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders) - Volume 23, Issue 7, 2023

The devastating global pandemic Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) isolated in China in January 2020 is responsible for an outbreak of pneumonia and other multisystemic complications. The clinical picture of the infection has extreme variability: it goes from asymptomatic patients or mild forms with fever, cough, fatigue and loss of smell and taste to severe cases ending up in the intensive care unit (ICU). This is due Read More

Herbal medicine and its derived products have been used in the medicine and nutraceutical sectors for the treatment of human disorders and associated secondary complications. Plant-derived products play an important role in our daily life due to their medicinal properties and pharmacological activities. The attention of scientists to natural products has increased due to their significant biological activities. Flavo Read More

Background: Piper sarmentosum (PS) is a traditional herb used by Southeast Asian communities to treat various illnesses. Recent pharmacological studies have discovered that PS possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Since oxidative stress and inflammation are two important processes driving the pathogenesis of bone loss, PS may have potential therapeutic effects against osteoporosis. Objective: This review Read More

The unbearable heat waves that we are experiencing these days around the world are the result of increasing global warming, leading to heat stress and a constant health issue for the existing population. The thermoregulatory dysfunction of the human body due to climatological changes might result in fluid and electrolyte imbalance and transforms the human body from a normal physiological condition to a distorted path Read More

Background: Modern lifestyle increasingly deprives people from sleep to different degrees. Long-term sleep deprivation will facilitate body’s pathological behaviors, such as lethargy, depression, and anorexia. Objective: This study is an investigation into the mechanism of hydrolyzed seawater pearl tablet in treating chronic sleep deprivation mice model. Methods: The chronic sleep deprivation model was established in Read More

Aims: This study aims to examine the association between non-insulin-based insulin resistance indices and periodontitis severity in young males. Background: Periodontitis has been reported with an association with insulin resistance in middle- and old-aged adults. Objective: The association between insulin resistance and localized periodontitis in young adults is unclear. Methods: A total of non-diabetic 1,111 military males in Read More

Background: Studies have indicated that Ban-Xia Xie-Xin Decoction (BXXXD) has therapeutic effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, due to the complexity of components and diversity of targets, the mechanisms are still not fully elucidated. Objective: In this research, we systematically analysed the targets of BXXXD through the method of network pharmacology and further validated them through experi Read More

Background: The immunomodulatory effects of plants have been utilised to enhance the immunity of humans against infections. However, evidence of such effects of agarwood leaves is very limited despite the long tradition of consuming the leaves as tea. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the immuno-modulatory effects of agarwood leaf extract (ALE) derived from Aquilaria malaccensis using RAW264.7 murine Read More

Background: Both low-grade systemic and hepatic inflammation could result in increased left ventricular mass (LVM) in the general population. However, the associations, which might be modified by exercise, have not been clarified in physically active young adults. Methods: The study included 2,004 military males aged 18–43 years in eastern Taiwan. Systemic and hepatic inflammation was defined by the upper tertiles Read More

Background: Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) are rare primary tumors of the pancreas. Although these tumors are heterogeneous and can be classified as functional or non-functional according to pancreatic endocrine biomarkers, the more prevalent type is non-functional pNENs with endocrine differentiation but with non-specific symptoms and often late diagnoses. The treatment option for patients often i Read More

Background: Beta-blockers, mainly propranalol, are usually administered to control heart rate in patients with thyrotoxicosis, especially when congestive heart failure presents. However, when thyrotoxicosis is not controlled, heart rate may be difficult to control even with maximal doses of propranolol. This presentation alerts physicians to the possibility of using ivabradine, a selective inhibitor of the sinoatrial pacemaker, for Read More

Background: Immunotherapy-associated hypophysitis is an uncommon adverse event. However, if not handled properly, it could lead to fatal sequelae. Case Presentations: Case 1. A 66-year-old man presented to our hospital with hyponatremia. He had low plasma levels of adrenocorticotropin and cortisol. The patient had a history of non-small cell lung cancer and had undergone 16 cycles of immunotherap Read More

; Background: Therapeutic targets in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) are oriented towards nephron- and cardio-protection and the prescription of antihyperglycemic agents with proven renal and cardiovascular benefits are increasing over time. Failure to promptly diagnose insulinopenic diabetes may adversely affect the adequacy of treatment and have harmful consequences, including severe hyperglycemia and diabeti Read More