Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders-Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets - Immune, Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders) - Volume 23, Issue 6, 2023

It is well established the importance of stem cells (SCs) in tissue growth, regeneration and repair, given their ability to self-renew and differentiate into mature cells. Stem cells are present in all individuals and are potentially active to the end of life. However, less is known about their unique function within the immune system as immune regulators and their important task in viral protection. Antiviral resistance is a common Read More

Acromegaly is described as the oversecretion of growth hormone (GH) and, subsequently, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), ascribed in most cases to a pituitary adenoma. This disease presents a progressive disfigurement, along with other systemic manifestations, which altogether diminishes the quality of life in the patients. Prolonged exposure to abnormally high levels of GH and IGF-1 levels results in cardiovascula Read More

Oxidative stress is a major cellular and metabolic burden that can really alter cell life and become the base for disease onset and development. Many widespread pathologies can develop from an unresolved oxidative stress situation; thus, addressing this state is paramount for human health. Our antioxidant enzymes sometimes are not just enough. Fortifying our defense and the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory system can Read More

Background: Since the discovery of penicillin, natural antibiotics have protected humans from malicious microbes. A breakthrough, however, is needed to tackle problems like antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This review introduces one of the new approaches for the prevention of several diseases through a healthy diet, grape phytochemicals, and vitamin D, which nurture the growth of beneficial bacteria, including gut mic Read More

Aims and Background: The knowledge about the effective implementation of different exercise training methods on clinical and endocrinological responses in soccer players with chronic low back pain (LBP) is lacking. Hence the study is proposed to find the effects of different exercise training methods on clinical and endocrinological responses in soccer players with chronic low back pain. Methods: Through the three-block rand Read More

Background: Chronic low-grade inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis, but the cytokines implicated remain elusive. Objective: This study aimed to compare the difference in cytokine profile between postmenopausal women with and without osteoporosis in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Methods: Postmenopausal women with (n = 20) and without osteoporosis (n = 20) were recruited for this study. T Read More

Aims: Metformin is the most widely used drug for the first-line treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but its use and schedule have been poorly investigated in elderly patients. Methods: We conducted an observational, cross-sectional, multicentric study on metformin in T2DM outpatients older than 65 years who were taking the drug for at least 6 months and referred to Italian Endocrinology and Diabetology Se Read More

Aim: A co-formulation containing insulin degludec and insulin aspart (IDegAsp) is available for the treatment of diabetes in Turkey. We aimed to evaluate the clinical results of switching to IDegAsp treatment for Type 2 diabetes. Methods: A total of 217 patients with type 2 diabetes treated with IDegAsp and having follow-up data were included. The patients were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 switched from basal insulin to I Read More

Background: It has been observed that the lunar phases alter the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level in type-2 diabetic (T2DM) subjects. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) was also reported to be associated with elevated foot temperature (FT), oxidative stress, and inflammation in T2DM subjects. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the changes in FT, oxidative stress, and inflammation levels and Read More

Background and Aim: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by persistent lowgrade inflammation. Soluble CD14 (sCD14) is involved in many pathological conditions, including inflammation and atherosclerosis. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between sCD14 levels, subclinical atherosclerosis (SCA), inflammation and mortality in Egyptian hemodialysis (HD) patients. Patients and Methods: The present l Read More

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic disease caused by the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells. During disease progression, inflammatory insulitis increases the presentation of islet antigens on human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules to T lymphocytes. This complex system plays a pivotal role in cellular immunity. Thus, genetic variability in HLA can affect the susceptibility to and clinical outco Read More

Background: The population prevalence of functional alterations and thyroid autoimmunity is high, and numerous genetic and environmental aspects have been described as triggering factors. Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of functional alterations and thyroid autoimmunity in an urban population of Colombia. Materials and Methods: It is a cross-sectional, population-based study (n Read More

Background: Hypothyroidism is a commonly encountered endocrine disorder presenting in various clinical settings. It usually presents with classic manifestations, which are readily recognized and, therefore, easy to diagnose. However, occasionally, patients present with unusual symptoms, which becomes a challenge to diagnose. Thyroid dysfunction affects many body organs, including the gut and viscera. Studies show that Read More

Aim: This guideline (GL) is aimed at providing a reference for the management of non-functioning, benign thyroid nodules causing local symptoms in adults outside of pregnancy. Methods: This GL has been developed following the methods described in the Manual of the National Guideline System. For each question, the panel appointed by Associazione Medici Endocrinology (AME) identified potentially relevant outcomes, wh Read More